NAME: ERICA MAE E.

IGBALIC P148- Environmental Management

ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY MANAGEMENT

 RA 8749 (1999) Philippine Clean Air Act

RA 8749 (1999) Philippine Clean Air Act is an act providing for a comprehensive air pollution
control policy and for other purposes. A program that would restrict new sources of excess air
pollution without a proportionate decrease in current resources must be drafted and put into
action by the Department, which is responsible for doing so.

Section 29. Prohibition on Manufacture, Import and Sale of leaded Gasoline and of Engines
and/or Components Requiring Leaded Gasoline. - Effective not later than eighteen (18) months
after the enactment of this Act, no person shall manufacture, import, sell, offer for sale, introduce
into commerce, convey or otherwise dispose of, in any manner, leaded gasoline and engines and
components requiring the use of leaded gasoline.

For existing vehicles, the DTI shall formulate standards and procedures that will allow non-
conforming engines to comply with the use of unleaded fuel within five (5) years after the effectivity
of this Act.

 RA 9275 (2004) Philippine Clean Water Act

RA 9275 (2004) Philippine Clean Water Act is an act providing for a comprehensive water quality
management and for other purposes. This Act establishes guidelines for the quality of our water
supplies and mandates the elimination of pollution from terrestrial sources. Management of fresh,
brackish, and salt water bodies are all included in the Act's purview. Its prohibited acts includes:
CHAPTER 5
CIVIL LIABILITY/PENAL PROVISIONS
SECTION 27. Prohibited Acts. - The following acts are hereby prohibited:
a) Discharging, depositing or causing to be deposited material of any kind directly or indirectly into
the water bodies or along the margins of any surface water, where, the same shall be liable to be
washed into such surface water, either by tide action or by storm, floods or otherwise, which could
cause water pollution or impede natural flow in the water body;
b) Discharging, injecting or allowing to seep into the soil or sub-soil any substance in any form
that would pollute groundwater. In the case of geothermal projects, and subject to the approval of
the Department, regulated discharge for short- term activities (e.g. well testing, flushing,
commissioning, venting) and deep re-injection of geothermal liquids may be allowed: Provided,
That safety measures are adopted to prevent the contamination of the groundwater;

c) Operating facilities that discharge regulated water pollutants without the valid required permits
or after the permit was revoked for any violation of any condition therein;
d) Disposal of potentially infectious medical waste into sea water by vessels unless the health or
safety of individuals on board the vessel is threatened by a great and imminent peril;

e) Unauthorized transport or dumping into sea waters of sewage sludge or solid waste as defined
under Republic Act No.9003;

f) Transport, dumping or discharge of prohibited chemicals, substances or pollutants listed under

Republic Act No.6969;

g) Operate facilities that discharge or allow to seep, willfully or through gross negligence, prohibited
chemicals, substances or pollutants listed under R. A. No. 6969 into water bodies or wherein the
same shall be liable to be washed into such surface, ground, coastal, and marine water;
h) Undertaking activities or development and expansion of projects, or operating
wastewater/sewerage facilities in violation of Presidential Decree. No.1586 and its implementing
rules, and regulations;

i) Discharging regulated water pollutants without the valid required discharge permit pursuant to
this Act or after the permit was revoked for any violation of condition therein;
j) Non-compliance of the LGU with the Water Quality Framework and Management Area Action
Plan. In such a case, sanctions shall be imposed on the local government officials concerned;

k) Refusal to allow entry, inspection and monitoring by the Department in accordance with this
Act;

l) Refusal to allow access by the Department to relevant reports and records in accordance with
this Act;

m) Refusal or failure to submit reports whenever required by the Department in accordance with
this Act;

n) Refusal or failure to designate pollution control officers whenever required by, the Department
in accordance with this Act; and

o) Directly using booster pumps in the distribution system or tampering with the water supply in
such a way as to alter or impair the water quality.

 PD 979 (1976) Marine Pollution Decree

Presidential Decree No. 979 prohibited the discharging, dumping, deposition, or throwing of any
oil, noxious gaseous and liquid substances, refuse matter, or any other harmful substances to our
navigable waters. Its prohibited Acts includes:

Section 4. Prohibited Acts. Except in cases of emergency imperilling life or property, or

unavoidable accident, collision, or stranding or in any cases which constitute danger to human
life or property or a real threat to vessels, aircraft, platforms, or other man-made structure, or if
damping appears to be the only way of averting the threat and if there is probability that the
damage consequent upon such dumping will be less than would otherwise occur, and except as
otherwise permitted by regulations prescribed by the National Pollution Control Commission or
the Philippine Coast Guard, it shall be unlawful for any person to

(a) discharge, dump or suffer, permit the discharge of oil, noxious gaseous and liquid substances
and other harmful substances from or out of any ship, vessel, barge, or any other floating craft, or
other man-made structures at sea, by any method, means or manner, into or upon the territorial
and inland navigable waters of the Philippines;

(b) throw, discharge or deposit, dump, or cause suffer or procure to be thrown, discharged, or
deposited either from or out of any ship, barge, or other floating craft of vessel of any kind, or from
the shore, wharf, manufacturing establishment, or mill of any kind, any refuse matter of any kind
or description whatever other than that flowing from streets and sewers and passing therefrom in
a liquid state into tributary of any navigable water from which the same shall float or be washed
into such navigable water; and

(c) deposit or cause, suffer or procure to be deposited material of any kind in any place on the bank
of any navigable water or on the bank of any tributary of any navigable water, where the same
shall be liable to be washed into such navigable water, either by ordinary or high tides, or by
storms or floods, or otherwise, whereby navigation shall or may be impeded or obstructed or
increased the level of pollution of such water.
  RA 9003 (2000) Ecological Solid Waste Management Act

RA 9003 (2000) Ecological Solid Waste Management Act is an act providing for an ecological solid
waste management program, creating the necessary institutional mechanisms and incentives,
declaring certain acts prohibited and providing penalties, appropriating funds therefor, and for
other purposes. Its prohibited acts are:
CHAPTER VI
Penal Provisions
SECTION 48. Prohibited Acts. — The following acts are prohibited:

(1) Littering, throwing, dumping of waste matters in public places, such as roads, sidewalks,
canals, esteros or parks, and establishment, or causing or permitting the same;
(2) Undertaking activities or operating, collecting or transporting equipment in violation of
sanitation operation and other requirements or permits set forth in or established pursuant to this
Act;
(3) The open burning of solid waste;
(4) Causing or permitting the collection of non-segregated or unsorted waste;
(5) Squatting in open dumps and landfills;

(6) Open dumping, burying of biodegradable or non-biodegradable materials in flood-prone

areas;
(7) Unauthorized removal of recyclable material intended for collection by authorized
persons;
(8) The mixing of source-separated recyclable material with other solid waste in any vehicle,
box, container or receptacle used in solid waste collection or disposal;

(9) Establishment or operation of open dumps as enjoined in this Act, or closure of said
dumps in violation of Sec. 37;

(10) The manufacture, distribution or use of non-environmentally acceptable packaging

materials;
(11) Importation of consumer products packaged in non-environmentally acceptable materials;
(12) Importation of toxic wastes misrepresented as “recyclable” or “with recyclable content”;

(13) Transport and dumping in bulk of collected domestic, industrial, commercial and
institutional wastes in areas other than centers or facilities prescribed under this Act;
(14) Site preparation, construction, expansion or operation of waste management facilities
without an Environmental Compliance Certificate required pursuant to Presidential Decree No.
1586 and this Act and not conforming with the land use plan of the LGU;
(15) The construction of any establishment within two hundred (200) meters from open dumps
or controlled dumps, or sanitary landfills; and
(16) The construction or operation of landfills or any waste disposal facility on any aquifer,
groundwater reservoir or watershed area and or any portions thereof.

 RA 6969 (1990) Toxic Chemical and Hazard Waste Management Act

Toxic Substances and Hazardous and Nuclear Wastes Control (Republic Act No. 6969 of 1990). An
Act to control toxic substances and hazardous and nuclear wastes providing penalties for
violations thereof, and for other purposes. Its prohibited acts includes the following:
SECTION 13. Prohibited Acts. — The following acts and omissions shall be considered unlawful:

a) Knowingly use a chemical substance or mixture which is imported, manufactured, processed or

distributed in violation of this Act or implementing rules and regulations or orders;

b) Failure or refusal to submit reports, notices or other information, access to records as required
by this Act, or permit inspection of establishment where chemicals are manufactured, processed,
stored or otherwise held;
c) Failure or refusal to comply with the pre-manufacture and pre-importation requirements; and

d) Cause, aid or facilitate, directly or indirectly, in the storage, importation, or bringing into
Philippine territory, including its maritime economic zones, even in transit, either by means of
land, air or sea transportation or otherwise keeping in storage any amount of hazardous and
nuclear wastes in any part of the Philippines.

MANAGEMENT OF THE USE OF NATURAL RESOURCES

 PD 705 (1975) Revised Forestry Code of the Philippines

PD 705 (1975) Revised Forestry Code of the Philippines states that no person may utilize, exploit,
occupy, possess or conduct any activity within any forest land, or establish and operate any wood-
processing plant, unless he has been authorized to do so under a license agreement, lease, license,
or permit. As stated in Section 68. Cutting, gathering and/or collecting timber or other products
without license. Any person who shall cut, gather, collect, or remove timber or other forest products
from any forest land, or timber from alienable and disposable public lands, or from private lands,
without any authority under a license agreement, lease, license or permit, shall be guilty of
qualified theft as defined and punished under Articles 309 and 310 of the Revised Penal Code;
Provided, That in the case of partnership, association or corporation, the officers who ordered the
cutting, gathering or collecting shall be liable, and if such officers are aliens, they shall, in addition
to the penalty, be deported without further proceedings on the part of the Commission on
Immigration and Deportation.

 RA 7942 (1995) Philippine Mining Act

The RA 7942 (1995) Philippine Mining Act states that no person shall engage in the processing of
minerals without first securing a minerals processing permit from the Secretary. Minerals
processing permit shall be for a period of five (5) years renewable for like periods but not to exceed
a total term of twenty-five (25) years. Its prohibition acts includes:
Section 54: Mineral Trading Registration

No person shall engage in the trading of mineral products, either locally or internationally, unless
registered with the Department of Trade and Industry and accredited by the Department, with a
copy of said registration submitted to the Bureau.
Section 55: Minerals Processing Permit
No person shall engage in the processing of minerals without first securing a minerals processing
permit from the Secretary. Minerals processing permit shall be for a period of five (5) years
renewable for like periods but not to exceed a total term of twenty-five (25) years. In the case of
mineral ores or minerals produced by the small-scale miners, the processing thereof as well as the
licensing of their custom mills, or processing plants shall continue to be governed by the provisions
of Republic Act No. 7076.

 RA 8435 (1997) Agriculture and Fisheries Modernization Act

RA 8435 (1997) Agriculture and Fisheries Modernization Act is an act prescribing urgent related
measures to modernize the agriculture and fisheries sectors of the country in order to enhance
their profitability, and prepare said sectors for the challenges of globalization through an adequate,
focused and rational delivery of necessary support services, appropriating funds therefor and for
other purposes. Conversion Moratorium refers to the policy enunciated in RA 8435 which prohibits
the conversion of irrigated lands, irrigable lands already covered by irrigation projects with firm
funding commitments, and lands with existing or having the potential for growing high value crops
so delineated and included within the Strategic Agriculture and Fisheries Development Zones for
the period starting 10 February 1998 to 09 February 2003.

BIODIVERSITY AND ECOSYSTEM MANAGEMENT

 RA 9174 (2001) Wildlife Resources Conservation and Protection Act

RA 9174 (2001) Wildlife Resources Conservation and Protection Act is an act providing for the
conservation and protection of wildlife resources and their habitats, appropriating funds therefor
and for other purposes. Its prohibition states that whenever an economically important species
become threatened, any form of collection shall be prohibited except for scientific, educational or
breeding/propagation purposes, pursuant to the provisions of this Act.
CLIMATE CHANGE AND DISASTER RISK MANAGEMENT

 RA 9729 (2009) Climate Change Act

RA 9729 (2009) Climate Change Act is an act mainstreaming climate change into government
policy formulations, establishing the framework strategy and program on climate change, creating
for this purpose the climate change commission, and for other purposes. The Act designates the
Climate Change Commission as the exclusive government agency responsible for supervising,
coordinating, and evaluating policies and initiatives related to climate change.

SOCIO-CULTURAL RESOURCES MANAGEMENT

 RA 10060 (2009) National Cultural Heritage Act

RA 10060 (2009) National Cultural Heritage Act is an act providing for the protection and
conservation of the national cultural heritage, strengthening the national commission for culture
and the arts (ncca) and its affiliated cultural agencies, and for other purposes. As mentioned in
Section 22. Renaming of Historical Streets, Buildings Designated as Cultural Treasure or
Important Cultural Property. - The names of historical streets, parks, buildings, shrines,
landmarks, monuments and sites designated as national cultural treasures or important cultural
property shall not be allowed to be renamed by a local or national legislation, unless approved by
the National Historical Institute, and only after due hearing on the matter. Furthermore, for
changes of names done to historical streets, parks, buildings, shrines, landmarks, monuments,
and sites prior to the effectivity of this Act, the National Historical Institute may direct the local
government units to restore their original names, also after due hearing.