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The Mechanism Of: Taking A Packet Consisting of

Encapsulation is the process of taking an original packet with a header and data and placing it inside a new packet as the payload. The new packet will have its own header and the original packet as the data. Decapsulation is the reverse process of extracting the original packet from the new packet. Encapsulation is commonly used to tunnel one network protocol inside another, such as IPv6 tunneled inside IPv4. It allows packets to travel across networks that don't support the protocol in the inner packet.

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49 views5 pages

The Mechanism Of: Taking A Packet Consisting of

Encapsulation is the process of taking an original packet with a header and data and placing it inside a new packet as the payload. The new packet will have its own header and the original packet as the data. Decapsulation is the reverse process of extracting the original packet from the new packet. Encapsulation is commonly used to tunnel one network protocol inside another, such as IPv6 tunneled inside IPv4. It allows packets to travel across networks that don't support the protocol in the inner packet.

Uploaded by

4119 RAHUL S
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Encapsulation is the mechanism of

taking a packet consisting of


packet header and data and
putting it into the data part of a
new packet. The reverse operation,
takin•g a packet out of the data part
of another packet, is called
Decapsulation.
Encapsulation

I
original IP header I original data

I new IP header I new data

outer header inner header original data


En capsulation I
Encapsulation of one packet into another as payload
• e.g. 1Pv6 in 1Pv4 {6Bone), Multicast in Unicast (Mbone)
• herre: e.g. IP-in-IP-encapsulation, minimal encapsulation or GRE (Generic Routing Encapsulation)
IP-in-IP-encapsulation (mandatory, RFC 2003}
• tunnel between HA and COA
ver. I
IHL I DS (TOS) lenath
IP identification flaas l fraament offset
TTL I IP-in-IP IP checksum
IP address of HA
Care-of address COA
ver. I IHL I DS lTOS) lenath
IP identification flaas l fraament offset
TTL I lav. 4 orot. IP checksum
IP address of CN
IP address of MN
TCP/UDP/ ... payload
Encapsulation II
Minimal encapsulation (optional)
• avoids repetition of identical fields
• e.g. TTL, IHL, version, DS (RFC 2474, old: TOS)
• only applicable for unfragmented packets, no space left for fragment
identification
ver. I IHL I DS ITOS) lenath
IP identification flaas l fraament offset
TTL I min. encao. IP checksum
IP address of HA
care-of address COA
lav. 4 orotoc.ISI reserved IP checksum
IP address of MN
orlainal sender IP address (if S=1)
TCP/UDP/ ... payload
Generic Routing Encapsulation
original
original data
header
GRE ongtnal
outer header original dala
header header

RFC 1701 new header new data

ver I IHL I OS rTn'- I lenolh


IP ldenldicatlOn I ftaas l .....,,ment offset
TTL I GRE I IP checksum
IP addnlA of HA RFC 2784
Care-of llddren COA
~KISlsl rec I rsv I ver I
_ g,ecl(sum foot,onal)
~tocol
<>ffset root,onall
jcJ reservedO Jver
Checksum (QllUonal)
I erotocol
reserved1 (•O!
- - """Uence ke~ ioeuonall
number 1nn11onall
rouuno I c,nUonall
-
ver. I IHL I OS rTOSl lenath
IP ldenldicatlon naos l fraoment offset
TTL I lav 4 orot IP check.Sum
IP add,.u of CN
IP add,... or MN
TCP/UDP/ ... payload

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