ROHINI COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY

ARRAYS OF STRUCTURES
Arrays of structures means that the structure variable would be an array of
objects, each of which contains the member elements declared within the structure
construct.

Why would need an array of structures

1. In a class, we do not have just one student. But there may be at least 60 students. So, the
same definition of the structure can be used for all the 30 students. This would be
possible when we make an array of structures.
2. Another example where an array of structures is desirable is in case of
an organization. An organization has a number of employees. So,
defining a separate structure for every employee is not a viable solution.
So, here we can have a common structure definition for all the
employees.
struct student
Syntax {
struct struct_name int r_no;
{ char name[20];
data_type member_name1; char course[20];
data_type member_name2;
data_type member_name3; float fees;
....................... };
}; A student array can be declared by writing,
struct struct_name struct_var[index]; struct student stud[30];

Now, to assign values to the ith student of the class, we can write as

stud[i].r_no = 09;
stud[i].name =
"RASHI"; stud[i].course
= "MCA"; stud[i].fees =
60000;

In order to initialize the array of structure variables

struct student stud[3][4] = {{01, "Aman", "BCA", 45000},{02,

"Aryan", "BCA", 60000}, {03,"John", "BCA", 45000}};

UNIT-II EC8393-FUNDAMENTALS OF DATA STRUCTURES IN C

 ROHINI COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY

Write a program to print the tickets of the boarders of a boat using array
of structures with initialization in the program.
#include <stdio.h>

struct boat // declaration of structure //

{
char name[20];
int seatnum;
float fare;
};

int main()
{
int i;
struct boat ticket[4][3]={{“Vikram”,1,15.50},{“Krishna”,2,15.50},
{“Ramu”,3,25.50},{“Gouri”,4, 25.50 } };
printf(“\n passenger Ticket num. Fare”);
for(i=0;i<=3;i++)
printf(“\n %s %d %f ”, ticket[i].name,ticket[i].seatnum,ticket[i].fare);
return 0;
}
Output:
Passenger Ticket num. Fare
Vikram 1 15.500000
Krishna 2 15.500000
Ramu 3 25.500000
Gouri 4 25.500000

UNIT-II EC8393-FUNDAMENTALS OF DATA STRUCTURES IN C

 ROHINI COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY

C program to generate salary slip of employees using structures

#include<stdio.h>
struct emp
{
int empno ;
char name[10] ;
int bpay, allow, ded, npay ;
} e[10] ;

void main()
{
int i, n ;

printf("Enter the number of employees : ") ;

scanf("%d", &n) ;

for(i = 0 ; i < n ; i++)

{
printf("\nEnter the employee number : ") ;
scanf("%d", &e[i].empno) ;

printf("\nEnter the name : ") ;

scanf("%s", e[i].name) ;

printf("\nEnter the basic pay, allowances & deductions : ") ;scanf("%d

%d %d", &e[i].bpay, &e[i].allow, &e[i].ded) ;

e[i].npay = e[i].bpay + e[i].allow - e[i].ded ;

}
printf("\nEmp. No.\t Name \t Salary \n") ;
printf("\n *************************") ;
for(i = 0 ; i < n ; i++)
{
printf("%d \t %s \t %f \t ", e[i].empno,e[i].name, e[i].npay) ;
} Enter the employee number 2
return 0;
Enter the employee number: 1001
} Enter the employee number: Rina
Enter the basic pay, allowances & deductions: 75000 10000 2000

Enter the employee number: 2001

Enter the employee number: Bina
Enter the basic pay, allowances & deductions: 80000 10000 3000

Emp.No. Name NetSalary

****************************

UNIT-II EC8393-FUNDAMENTALS OF DATA STRUCTURES IN C

 ROHINI COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY
1001 Rina 83000
2001 Bina 87000

UNIT-II EC8393-FUNDAMENTALS OF DATA STRUCTURES IN C

 ROHINI COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY

Write a program to read and display the information of all the students
in a class. Then edit the details of the ith student and redisplay the
entire information.

#include
<stdio.h>
#include
<string.h>
struct student
{
int roll_no;
char
name[80];
int fees;
char DOB[80];
};
int main()
{
struct student
stud[50]; int n, i,
num, new_rollno;
int new_fees;
char new_DOB[80],
new_name[80]; clrscr(); //
clear screen
printf("\n Enter the number of
students : "); scanf("%d", &n);
for(i=0;i<n;i++)
{
printf("\n Enter the roll
number : "); scanf("%d",
&stud[i].roll_no);

printf("\n Enter the

name : ");
gets(stud[i].name);

printf("\n Enter the

fees : ");
scanf("%d",&stud[i].
fees);

printf("\n Enter the

DOB : ");
gets(stud[i].DOB);
}

for(i=0;i<n;i++)
{
UNIT-II EC8393-FUNDAMENTALS OF DATA STRUCTURES IN C
 ROHINI COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY
printf("\n ********DETAILS OF STUDENT
%d*******", i+1); printf("\n ROLL No. = %d",
stud[i].roll_no);
printf("\n NAME = %s",
stud[i].name); printf("\n FEES
= %d", stud[i].fees); printf("\n
DOB = %s", stud[i].DOB);
}

printf("\n Enter the student number whose record has to

be edited : "); scanf("%d", &num);

printf("\n Enter the new roll

number : "); scanf("%d",
&new_rolno);

printf("\n Enter the new

name : "): gets(new_name);

printf("\n Enter the new

fees : "); scanf("%d",
&new_fees);

UNIT-II EC8393-FUNDAMENTALS OF DATA STRUCTURES IN C

 ROHINI COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY

printf("\n Enter the new

DOB : "); gets(new_DOB);

stud[num].roll_no = new_rollno;
strcpy(stud[num].name, new_name);
stud[num].fees = new_fees;
strcpy (stud[num].DOB, new_DOB);

for(i=0;i<n;i++)
{
printf("\n ********DETAILS OF STUDENT
%d*******", i+1); printf("\n ROLL No. = %d",
stud[i].roll_no);
printf("\n NAME = %s",
stud[i].name); printf("\n FEES
= %d", stud[i].fees); printf("\n
DOB = %s", stud[i].DOB);
}
getch();
return 0; Output
} Enter the number of students : 2 Enter the roll number : 1
Enter the name : kirti Enter the fees : 5678 Enter the DOB : 9-
9- 99

Enter the roll number : 2 Enter the name : kangana Enter the
fees : 5678 Enter the DOB : 27- 8- 99
********DETAILS OF STUDENT 1*******ROLL No. = 1
NAME = kirtiFEES = 5678
DOB = 9- 9- 99
********DETAILS OF STUDENT 2*******ROLL No. = 2
NAME = kanganaFEES = 5678
DOB = 27- 8 -99

Enter the student number whose record has to be edited : 2Enter the new roll number : 2
Enter the new name : kangana khullarEnter the new fees : 7000
Enter the new DOB : 27- 8 -92

********DETAILS OF STUDENT 1*******ROLL No. = 1

NAME = kirtiFEES = 5678
DOB = 9 -9 -99
********DETAILS OF STUDENT 2*******
ROLL No. = 2
NAME = kangana khullarFEES = 7000
DOB = 27- 8 -92

UNIT-II EC8393-FUNDAMENTALS OF DATA STRUCTURES IN C

 ROHINI COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY

STRUCTURES AND FUNCTIONS

Passing the entire structure

Passing structures to functions

Passing the address of structure

Eg:Passing Individual Members

#include
<stdio.h>
typedef struct
{
int
x;
int
y;
}POINT;

void display(int, int); // function declaration

int main()
{
POINT p1 = {2, 3}; Output
display(p1.x, p1.y); // function call The coordinates of the point are: 2 3
return 0;
}

void display(int a, int b) // function definition

{
printf(" The coordinates of the point are: %d %d", a, b);
}

Eg:Passing the Entire Structure

#include<stdio.h>
typedef struct
{
int x;
int y;
}POINT;
void display(POINT);
int main()
{
POINT p1 = {2, 3};
display(p1);
return 0;
}
void display(POINT p)
{
UNIT-II EC8393-FUNDAMENTALS OF DATA STRUCTURES IN C
 ROHINI COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY
printf("The coordinates of the point are: %d %d", p.x, p.y);
}

UNIT-II EC8393-FUNDAMENTALS OF DATA STRUCTURES IN C

 ROHINI COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY

 Passing Structure by Value

 Passing Structure by Reference

Passing Structure by Value

In this approach, the structure object is passed as function argument to the

definition of function, here object is reperesenting the members of structure with
their values.
Program
#include<stdio.h>

struct Employee
{
int Id;
char
Name[25]; int
Age;
long Salary;
};

void Display(struct Employee);

void main()
{
struct Employee Emp =

{1,"Kumar",29,45000}; Display(Emp);

void Display(struct Employee E)

{
printf("\n\nEmployee Id : %d",E.Id);
printf("\nEmployee Name : %s",E.Name);
printf("\nEmployee Age : %d",E.Age);
printf("\nEmployee Salary : %ld",E.Salary);
}

Output
:

Employee Id : 1
Employee Name :
Kumar Employee Age
UNIT-II EC8393-FUNDAMENTALS OF DATA STRUCTURES IN C
 ROHINI COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY
: 29 Employee Salary
: 45000

UNIT-II EC8393-FUNDAMENTALS OF DATA STRUCTURES IN C

 ROHINI COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY

Passing Structure by Reference

In this approach, the reference/address structure object is passed as function

argument to the definition of function.

Program
#include<stdio.h>
struct
Employee
{
int Id;
char
Name[25]; int
Age;
long Salary;
};

void Display(struct
Employee*); void main()
{
struct Employee Emp =

{1,"Kumar",29,45000}; Display(&Emp);

void Display(struct Employee *E)

{
printf("\n\nEmployee Id : %d",E->Id);
printf("\nEmployee Name : %s",E->Name);
printf("\nEmployee Age : %d",E->Age);
printf("\nEmployee Salary : %ld",E->Salary)
}

UNIT-II EC8393-FUNDAMENTALS OF DATA STRUCTURES IN C

 ROHINI COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY

Output :

Employee Id:
EmployeeName: Kumar
EmployeeAge: 29
EmployeeSalary : 45000

UNIT-II EC8393-FUNDAMENTALS OF DATA STRUCTURES IN C