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Answer C6 (Exercise 6.2.4)

The document provides the answers and working steps for 5 chemistry titration problems. It includes calculations to determine pH at various points in the titration of acids and bases, as well as sketches of titration curves. Key details provided are the reactions occurring, concentrations of reactants, volumes added, and use of indicators. Formulas used include those relating concentration, volume, moles and pH.

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62 views2 pages

Answer C6 (Exercise 6.2.4)

The document provides the answers and working steps for 5 chemistry titration problems. It includes calculations to determine pH at various points in the titration of acids and bases, as well as sketches of titration curves. Key details provided are the reactions occurring, concentrations of reactants, volumes added, and use of indicators. Formulas used include those relating concentration, volume, moles and pH.

Uploaded by

PEH KAI EN Moe
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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HANIE MAULI/T6/SEM 1/CHAPTER 6

ANSWERING SCHEME

Exercise 6.2.4
1. When 25.0 cm3 of 0.100 dm-3 HCl (aq) is titrated with 0.100 mol dm-3 NaOH (aq), the pH of the solution
increased. Calculate the pH of the solution after the following volume of NaOH have been added
(a) 24.90 cm3 (b) 25.10 cm3
NaOH + HCl  NaCl + H2O NaOH + HCl  NaCl + H2O
Mol H+ = MV / 1000 Mol H+ = MV / 1000
= (0.100)(25.0)/1000 = (0.100)(25.0)/1000
= 0.0025 mol = 0.0025 mol (lim)
Mol OH- = MV / 1000 Mol OH- = MV / 1000
= (0.100)(24.90)/1000 = (0.100)(25.10)/1000
= 0.00249 mol (lim) = 0.00251 mol
Mol of excess H+ = 0.0025-0.00249 Mol excess OH- = 0.00251-0.0025
= 0.00001 mol = 0.00001 mol
-
Conc. of H+ = mol x 1000 / Vtot Conc. of OH = mol x 1000 / Vtot
[H+]= 0.00001 x 1000/(24.9+25.0) [OH-]= 0.00001x 1000/(25.1+25.0)
-4 -3
= 2.00 x 10 mol dm = 1.996 x 10-4 mol dm-3
pH = - lg 2.00 x 10-4 mol dm-3 pOH = - lg 1.996 x 10-4 mol dm-3 = 3.70
= 3.70 pH = 14 – 3.70 = 10.3

2. When 15.0 cm3 of 0.200 dm-3 H2SO4 (aq) is titrated with 0.100 mol dm-3 NaOH (aq), the pH of the
solution increased. Calculate the pH of the solution after the following volume of NaOH have been
added
(a) 55.0 cm3 (b) 65.0 cm3
2 NaOH + H2SO4  Na2SO4 + 2 H2O 2 NaOH + H2SO4  Na2SO4 + 2 H2O
Mol of H2SO4 = MV / 1000 Mol of H2SO4 = MV / 1000
= (0.200)(15.0)/1000 = (0.200)(15.0)/1000
= 0.0030 mol = 0.0030 mol

Since 1 mol of H2SO4 = 2 mol H+ Mol of H+ = 0.0030 x 2 = 0.0060 mol (lim)


Mol of H+ = 0.0030 x 2 = 0.0060 mol Mol OH- = MV / 1000
= (0.100)(65.0)/1000
Mol OH- = MV / 1000 = 0.0065 mol
= (0.100)(55.0)/1000
= 0.0055 mol (lim) Mol of excess OH- = 0.0065 - 0.0060
= 0.0005 mol
Mol of excess H+ = 0.006 - 0.0055
= 0.0005 mol Conc. of OH- = mol x 1000 / Vtot
[OH-]= 0.0005 x 1000/(15.0 + 65.0)
Conc. of H+ = mol x 1000 / Vtot = 6.25 x 10-3 mol dm-3
[H+]= 0.0005 x 1000/(15.0 + 55.0)
= 7.14 x 10-3 mol dm-3 pOH = - lg 6.25 x 10-3 mol dm-3
pH = - lg 7.14 x 10-3 mol dm-3 = 2.20
= 2.15 pH = 14 – 2.20
= 11.80

1
HANIE MAULI/T6/SEM 1/CHAPTER 6

3. 25.0 cm3 of a solution containing sodium carbonate, Na2CO3 and sodium bicarbonate, NaHCO3 required
17.5 cm3 of 0.100 mol dm-3 hydrochloric acid for neutralisation with phenolphthalein as indicator and
41.3 cm3 of the same acid with methyl orange indicator. Calculate the
(a) concentration of Na2CO3 in mol dm-3 (b) concentration of sodium bicarbonate in mol dm-3
With phenolphthalein as indicator : With methyl orange as indicator :
End point for the reactions are for End point for the reactions are for
Na2CO3 + HCl  NaHCO3 + NaCl NaHCO3 + HCl  NaCl + H2O + CO2
𝑀𝑁𝑎2 𝐶𝑂3 𝑉𝑁𝑎2 𝐶𝑂3 1 Since NaHCO3 come from 2 sources
=
𝑀𝐻𝐶𝑙 𝑉𝐻𝐶𝑙 1 Na2CO3  NaHCO3  NaCl
𝑀𝑁𝑎2 𝐶𝑂3 (25.0) 1 or directly
= NaHCO3 (from mixture)  NaCl
(0.100)(17.5) 1
VHCl for Na2CO3 = 17.5 + 17.5 = 35.0
MNa2CO3 = 0.0700 mol dm -3 VHCl for NaHCO3 mixture = 41.3 – 35 = 6.3 cm3
𝑀𝑁𝑎2 𝐶𝑂3 𝑉𝑁𝑎2 𝐶𝑂3 1
=
𝑀𝐻𝐶𝑙 𝑉𝐻𝐶𝑙 1
𝑀𝑁𝑎2 𝐶𝑂3 (25.0) 1
=
(0.100)(6.3) 1
MNaHCO3 = 0.0252 mol dm-3

4. 25.0 cm3 of 0.100 dm-3 ethanoic acid is titrated with 0.10 mol dm-3 NaOH (aq), by using phenolphthalein
as an indicator. Sketch the graph to show the changes in pH during the titration.
[Ka = 1.80 x 105 mol dm-3]
Ka of CH3COOH = 1.80 x 10-5 mol dm-3
[H+] = √(1.80 × 10−5 ) × 0.100
= 1.34 x 10-3 mol dm-3

pH of 0.100 mol dm-3 CH3COOH


= -log [H+]
= -log 1.34 x 10-3
= 2.87

5. Sketch the graph to show the changes in pH during the titration of 25.0 cm3 0.100 mol dm-3 aqueous
solution with 0.100 mol dm-3 sulphuric acid.
pH of 0.100 mol dm-3 NaOH = 14 – pOH
= 14 – (-lg 0.100)
= 13.0
2NaOH + H2SO4 ⟶ Na2SO4 + 2H2O
(𝑀1 𝑉1 )𝐻2 𝑆𝑂4 1
=
(𝑀2 𝑉2 )𝑁𝑎𝑂𝐻 2

At equivalence point, the volume of H2SO4 used is


1 0.100×25.0
= × =12.5cm3
2 0.100

pH of 0.100 mol dm-3 sulphuric acid


= lg(2 x 0.100) = 0.699

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