Answer Sheet

Exercise # 1
The Cell

Name: Mj G. Madlangbayan Date Submitted:_______________

Yr and Sec: BSN 1-2 Date Performed:_______________
Group No. __6__________________________ Score:________________________

Theory:

The basic unit of structure and function in the human body is the cell. Each of a cell’s part, or
organelles, as well as the entire cell, is organized to perform a specific function. Cells have the ability
to metabolize, grow and reproduce, move and response to stimuli. The cells of the body differ in
shape, size and in specific role in the body. Cells that are similar in structure and function form tissues,
which in turn, construct the various body organs.

I. Using the following list of terms, correctly label all the cell parts indicated by leader lines. Then select
different colors for each structure and use them to color the coding circles and the corresponding
structure in the illustration.

A. Animal Cell

1-Nucleus 10- Golgi Bodies

2-Nucleolus 4- Smooth Endoplasmic reticulum

3- Nuclear membrane 5- Rough Endoplasmic reticulum

11 - Plasma Membrane 6- Lysosome

8- Cytoplasm 9- Filamentous Cytoskeleton (microtubules)

7- Mitochondrion
 II. Anatomy of an Animal Cell

Complete the following table to fully describe the various cell parts.
Cell Structure Location Function
In the middle or center of the To control cell division and cell growth.
1. Nucleus animal cell. Contain RNA to produce protein.

Inside of Nucleus. To make ribosomal subunits. Also, it

2. Nucleolus
stores cell DNA.
Encloses or within the cell Regulates the entry and exit of
3. Nuclear Membrane
nucleus substances in the nucleus.
It is located between the cell To support the internal structures,
4. Cytoplasm membrane and nuclear maintaining cell shape, and transport.
membrane.
Within the cytoplasm. To make cellular products like
5. Smooth E.R.
hormones.
It is within the cytoplasm and For breaking down nucleic acids,
in the plasma membrane. carbohydrates, lipids, and proteins.
6. Lysosome
Simply to carry out cellular waste
disposal or to digest.
are found in the cytoplasm of Facilitates the development of new
7. Mitochondria
every eukaryotic cell. cells and cell division.
The fluid inside the cell is Help the chromosomes to move during
8. Filamentous Cytoskeleton
( Microtubules) found in the cytoplasm. cell division.
It is located closer to the cell To transport, sort, and modification of
9. Golgi bodies nucleus and the endoplasmic the lipid and proteins.
reticulum in the cytoplasm.
Rough endoplasmic reticulum Release proteins that will be
10. Rough E. R. has on it ribosome, within the incorporated into the endomembrane
cytoplasm. system.
It is in the line dividing a cell's To transport toxic substances out of the
11. Plasma Membrane
inside and outside. cell and also to transport nutrients.
B. Plant Cell

1- Nucleus 10- Golgi Bodies

2- Nucleolus 4- Smooth Endoplasmic reticulum

3- Nuclear membrane 5- Rough Endoplasmic reticulum

11- Cell Wall 6- Lysosome

9- Chloroplast 8- Vacuole

7- Mitochondrion

III. Anatomy of a Plant Cell

Complete the following table to fully describe the various cell parts.
Cell Structure Location Function
Along the front-back axis but always Control of the genetic information
1. Nucleus rearward of the cell center. of the cell and thus the heredity
characteristics of an organism.
It’s inside the nucleus. For ribosomal RNA synthesis and
2. Nucleolus
ribosome biogenesis.
Encloses or within the cell nucleus. Cell replication, the cell's control
3. Nuclear Membrane
center, and genetic data storage.
It’s between the plasma membrane Is the creation of new cellular
and the tonoplast, which is in the membranes using lipids, such as
4. Smooth E.R.
vicinity of the cell's periphery. cholesterol and phospholipids, in
the body.
 Rough ER is present in every part of To produce proteins for cell
the cell, but it is more prevalent close functions.
5. Rough E. R.
to the nucleus and the Golgi
apparatus.
6. Lysosome It is within the cytoplasm It acts as a digestive system of cell.
It is located in the cytoplasm close to Absorb the sugar that the cell
7. Mitochondria
the vacuole. produces to create energy.
Within the cytoplasm, a matured cell It is for balancing the water of plant
8. Vacuoles
tends to be very large in plant cells. cells.
Located closest to the surface of the To store food energy and create
9. Chloroplast plant, commonly found in guard food during photosynthesis.
cells.
It close to the endoplasmic transporting, modifying, and
10. Golgi bodies reticulum. Within the cytoplasm. packaging proteins and lipids to
particular places.
Cell walls are surrounded by the Elaborate extracellular matrix that
11. Cell wall
plasma membranes. encloses each cell in a plant.

C. Prokaryotic cell
The Prokaryotic Cell
Parts Function
1. Capsule For protects bacteria
from toxic compounds
and acts as a
permeability barrier.
2. Cell wall To protect the interior of
the cell and to emphasize
the shapes.
3. Cell membrane The cell membrane
regulates the flow of
substances into and out
of the cell.
4. Cytoplasm For cell proliferation,
growth, and division.
5. Mesosome It enhances plasma
membrane surface area,
secretion, respiration,
and enzyme
concentration.
6. Pili To transfer od DNA.
7. Nucleoid For regulating the activity
and reproduction of the
bacteria.
8.Plasmid To manipulate genes.
9. Ribosome to synthesize protein
using amino acids.
10. Flagellum Flagellum is to facilitate
chemotaxis and mobility.

Difference Between Prokaryotic and Eukaryotic Cell

Prokaryotic Eukaryotic
1. It has nucleoid It has Nucleus
2. It is Unicellular It can be multicellular
3. Prokaryotic doesn’t have lysosome While eukaryotic has lysosome
4. Single chromosome Several chromosomes
5. Cell size 0.1 to 0.5 micrometers Cell size 10 to 100 micrometers
6. It may have glycocalyx cover Glycocalyx only if no cell wall
7. Includes bacteria and archaea Includes plant and animal cell
D. Comparison between Plant and Animal Cell

Animal Cell Plant Cell

-The Shape of animal -The shape of plant

cell is irregular or cell is square or
round shape. rectangular.
Similarities
-No cell wall. -Both have -Has cell wall.
mitochondria.
-Have no -Has chloroplasts.
chloroplasts. -They are both
Eukaryotic cells. -Have prominent one
-Have complex and or more vacuoles.
-Plasma
prominent Golgi -
membrane
apparatus. -Has plastids

-Has no Plastids

Compiled by: MBA