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Music Notes

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24 views

Music Notes

Uploaded by

GcRayden
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as TXT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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TERMS:

Pitch - Objective. How low or high a sound is

Consonance - Harmonies that are pleasant and seem to go together

Dissonance - Harmonies that have tension or clashing

Modulation -a shift from one key to another within the same composition *

Homophony (Homophonic) - Melody supplemented with an accompaniment (like vocals


with a guitar) *

Polyphony (Polyphonic) - Texture of 2 or more melodic lines of equal interest


performed simultaneously (Like a duet with two people singing different lines at
the same time)

Monophony (Monophonic) - Single melodic line without accompaniment (Like a person


singing without any music)

Dynamics - Different levels of volume in music *

Crescendo - To grow louder

Timbre - Subjective. A question of perception of sound quality. (A song might be


grating to one person, but someone else might love it.)

Pizzicato - A plucking sound, can be done harshly, softly, or in between

Vibrato - Small pitch fluctuation that colors a sound making it warmer

Harmonics - Breathy, light, high pitched sound set off when gently touching points
on a string *

Rhythm - The way music flows through time

Meter - The overall rhythmic pulse of the piece.*

Tempo - Speed *

Melody - Set of pitches strung together successively (horizontally, like the vocal
line in a song)

Staccato - Short, detached

Legato - Smooth and connected

Cadence - The feeling of finale in a song, similar to a period in English.*

Phrase - We string together phrases to make melodies. A phrase is a part of a


melody.*

Piece - Any kind of music, can be with or without vocals (songs must have vocals)

Instrumentation - The choice of which instruments to use in a composition

Coda - Tail piece added to the end of a song

Hook - Describes the most memorable part of a melody, the moment that really draws
us in

Round - Piece of music built around one single melodic line repeating on top of
itself (like Row, row, row your boat)

CONCEPTS:

Instrument families, sound production:


Types - strings, woodwinds, brass, percussion, keyboard, and electronic

Strings - instruments that use strings to make sounds (violin, viola, double bass,
cello)

Woodwinds - Instruments that make sound by a wooden mouth piece known as a reed
(clarinet, saxophone, flute, bassoon)

Brass - Makes sound by buzzing lips into a mouth piece (Trumpet, french horn)

Percussion - Instruments that produce sound by striking them (Bass drums, snare
drum, tenor drum**, Crotales, tambourine, timpani, tam-tam, cymbals, triangle,
xylophone, vibraphone, marimba, Glockenspiel)
**Note: The tenor drum does not have a snare!

Keyboard - Instruments played by pressing keys (Harpsichord, Organ, Piano [which


could also be considered percussion if it is a grand piano. Can also be an electric
instrument.]

Electronic - Instruments that play sound using electronics (Electronic keyboard,


electric guitar, theremin, synthesizers, phone apps, ondes martenot.)

Key -A family of notes is called a key (from A to G)

tonic - The first note of a key (such as C when playing in the key of C)

dominant - The number 2 dominant spot in the key (would be G if playing in the key
of C)

sub-dominant - The number 3 most important place in the key (would be F if playing
in the key of C)

Tonality - The sense of relatedness and interconnectedness of all notes within a


key. This is NOT a synonym for tone or note.*

Form - How music is organized, structured, and built. Contains verses, chorus, and
bridge.*

Verse - Similar melodies but with different lyrics

Chorus - Memorable part of a song, often repetitive and powerful

Bridge - Part of the song that has slightly different background music, lyrics, and
melody. The "turning point" of a song.

Binary form - Contains 2 different parts. Part A and Part B, they do not have to be
equal in length.*

Ternary form - A musical statement, followed by a contrasting statement, and then a


return of the original statement (Formed like A, B, A)

Rondo - Rondo form maps out as A B A C A...etc. A composer can always have more
breakaway sections and more returns to the "A" section if he or she wants.

Theme and variation - A form where a composer states a theme at the outset of a
piece, and then varies it-- plays around with it (such as a song remix).

Musical texture - How different layers of a piece are combined. Example - Vocal
(melody), Pad (harmony), Drums (rhythm), and Bass Line (another harmony track). It
refers to what kinds of layers are heard, how many there are, and how they relate
to each other.*

What are the three principle musical textures? Answer: monophonic, homophonic, and
polyphonic

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