H&G H MANSUKHANI INSTITUTE OF MANAGEMENT

ULHASNAGAR

NON-GOVERNMENTAL ORGANIZATION

PROJECT SUBMITTED TO

H&G H MANSUKHANI INSTITUTE OF MANAGEMENT

IN PARTIAL FULLFIMENT OF THE REQUIREMENT FOR

MASTER IN MANAGEMENT STUDIES.

BY

SIDDHI PRAMOD SAWANT

ROLL NO- 76

SPECIALIZATION- HUMAN RESOURCE (HR)

BATCH- 2021-2023

H&G H MANSUKHANI INSTITUTE OF MANAGEMENT

ULHASNAGAR
UNDER THE GUIDE – DR DIYA UDASI
 STUDENTS DECLARATION

I hereby declare that this report is submitted in partial fulfilment of

the requirement of MMS Degree of University of Mumbai to H&G H
Mansukhani Institute of Management. This is my original work and is
not submitted for award of any degree or diploma or for similar titles
or prizes.

Name-Siddhi Pramod Sawant

Class-SYMMS

Roll no- 76

Place- Ulhasnagar

Date-
CERTIFICATE-
 INDEX
SR NO PARTICULARS PAGE
NO
CHAP 1 INTRODUCTION 5
CHAP 2 LITERATURE REVIEW 14
CHAP 3 RESEARCH METHODOLOGY 16
CHAP 4 NGO 1 18
CHAP 5 NGO 2 20
CHAP 6 FINDINGS, SUGGESTIONS, CONCLUSION 28
CHAP 7 REFERENCES 29
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
An NGO, or Non-Governmental Organization, is a non-profit organization that operates
independently of any government. NGOs are typically formed by individuals or groups of
people who share a common goal or vision and work towards addressing specific social,
environmental, or humanitarian issues.
NGOs play a crucial role in promoting social welfare, advocating for human rights, and
addressing various global challenges. They operate at local, national, and international levels,
engaging in a wide range of activities such as research, advocacy, service delivery, capacity
building, and awareness campaigns.
NGOs are known for their diverse focus areas, which can include areas such as poverty
alleviation, education, healthcare, environmental conservation, disaster relief, women's
empowerment, child welfare, and human rights. They often collaborate with governments,
businesses, and other stakeholders to bring about positive change and sustainable
development.
CHAPTER 1- INTRODUCTION
 HISTORICAL BACKGROUND OF NGOs-

A non-governmental organization (NGO) or non-governmental

organisation (see spelling differences) is an organization that generally is formed
independent from government. They are typically non-profit entities, and many of
them are active in humanitarianism or the social sciences; they can also
include clubs and associations that provide services to their members and others.
Surveys indicate that NGOs have a high degree of public trust, which can make them
a useful proxy for the concerns of society and stakeholders. However, NGOs can also
be lobby groups for corporations, such as the World Economic Forum NGOs are
distinguished from international and intergovernmental organizations (IOs) in that the
latter are more directly involved with sovereign states and their governments.
NGOs are classified by (1) orientation—the type of activities an NGO undertakes,
such as activities involving human rights, consumer
protection, environmentalism, health, or development; and level of operation, which
indicates the scale at which an organization works: local, regional, national, or
international.
International non-governmental organizations date back to at least the late 18th
century, and there were an estimated 1,083 NGOs by 1914. International NGOs were
important to the anti-slavery and women's suffrage movements, and peaked at the
time of the 1932–1934 World Disarmament conference
Servants of India, a secular NGo, was established in 1905. Mahatma Gandhi's return
to India in 1916 shifted the focus of development activities to economic self-
sufficiency. His swadeshi movement, which advocated economic self-sufficiency
through small-scale local production, swept through the country.
They believed that service to people would be the service to God and, therefore,
would be a means to attain spiritual salvation and sometimes to atonement for any
sinful act. Spirit of charity and altruism guided the voluntary action in the past, which
had found expression in diverse forms even outside the formal established religious
channels (Punalekar, 2004: 33). Many people including rulers have trod the path of
service to their fellow beings and adopted it as their life mission (ibid.).
 Floods, fires, earthquakes, epidemic outbreaks and other kinds of calamities were the
occasions which motivated people to voluntary help those who were trapped in
disastrous situations. Community life was very strong and people were guided by the
‘we’ feeling and selflessness in extending their individual support.

ROLE OF NGO-
NGOs are non-governmental organizations that function free from the control of
the Government. They are non-profit bodies that work for the Welfare of the
society. They act as a middle organization between the Government and the society.
People who cannot see the suffering of other individuals and want to make a better
place for everybody, usually participate in these organizations. When various issues
cannot reach the Government in power or when some issues are looked down upon
by the Government then NGOs take up these issues and tackle them with utmost
priority. Anyone can become a member of these organizations and can also quit
whenever they want to. NGOs have their own set of rules and procedures for
selection as well. That is why these bodies are also known as voluntary functioning
bodies. They are identified on the basis of their work and according to the level on
which they operate. On the basis of their work, they are classified as –
 Service-Oriented NGOs,
 Charity Oriented NGOs,
 Empowerment Oriented NGOs and
 Participation Oriented NGOs .

On the basis of the level of operation, they are classified as

 Community Based Organizations,
 City Level Organizations,
 National Level NGOs, and
 International Level NGOs.
1. Improving Government performance: It is one of the important works of the
NGOs to ensure that the Government should be responsive and solve the
problems of the citizens thereby making the Government more accountable.
NGOs also help in providing suggestions and their expertise in matters related
to policy-making of Government by providing research teams.
2. Acting as a social mediator: People in India are influenced a lot by faith,
superstitions, belief, and customs. NGOs act as social mediators at various
different levels of society so as to bring the required change in social and
behavioural attitudes prevailing within the social environment. They create
awareness among people and become the voice of the poor and needy person
or group.
3. Facilitating communication: NGOs work at two different levels in order to
facilitate communication. One is at the upward level whereby NGOs inform
the Government about the needs, abilities, and activities of the people in their
local area. On the other hand, they work at the downward level where people
are informed and educated about the policies and programs of the
Government.
4. Women Empowerment: The role of NGOs in women empowerment cannot be
denied. They have been constantly fighting against social evils like Sati,
dowry, cruelty, and other causes like employment, lessening of female
foeticide, etc. Various NGOs like the Agrani foundation, Eklavya, Sewa, etc.
have been trying to achieve gender equality as far as possible.
5. Providing Education, Training, and Technical Assistance: NGOs provide
education, training, and technical assistance to the people in need, volunteers,
and to other NGOs. Later on, the trained NGOs provide their services to assist
the Government.
6. Bridging the gap: NGOs reach out to those sections of people who are often
left untouched by the State projects. For example, during the Covid-19 crisis,
aid was provided to migrant workers. Apart from this, NGOs are also engaged
in activities like education, human and labour rights, legal aid, gender issues,
healthcare, and even research.
IMPORTANCE OF NGO-
Non-governmental organisations have played a crucial role in assisting the government in the
development of society. NGOs often are the ones who put in their resources, time and effort
for a social cause or to fight against injustices. Without a doubt, the NGOs, through their
services, make the communities more sustainable, secure and healthy. This helps the
community to prosper. In this blog, we shall highlight the importance of NGO in our society.

 Acts as Safety-valve: NGOs acts as an advocate for societal problems and needs.
 Provides unique solutions: NGOs always strive to find out unique ways to address and
deal with society’s problems.

 Promotes Research: It fosters the spirit of research, community connection and

creation of demonstrable models. NGOs collect such a large amount of data which
institutions and governments can later use to deal with society’s problems.
 Creation of Self-help groups: NGOs have been at the forefront of the formation and
development of various self-help groups, which involve agriculture groups for farmers
and producers and women-centric self-help groups for uplifting women.
 Breaking social stigmas: NGOs often break social stigmas and barriers, especially in
the case of India, where there have been issues with caste discrimination, problems
women face with unequal wages for the same amount of work and participation of
children with disabilities in school, etc.
 Development of Laws: NGOs have influenced the development of law in India.
Because of their persistent efforts, many problems were dealt with, such as the right to
information, anti-trafficking, conservation of forests, rehabilitation of people with
disability, ending corporal punishments in schools, etc. Many of these issues have been
highlighted because the NGOs raised concerns about them time and again.
 Ensuring Basic Human Needs are met: These organisations ensure that people’s
basic needs are met. The importance of NGO entities can also be highlighted in the
 manner they ensure that people get safe drinking water, create toilets for proper
sanitation, provide basic medical care and educate people about health programmes.
 Aid during Disasters: Natural calamities and disasters happen without a warning sign.
But NGOs always play an active role in the rescue, relief and rehabilitation of the
people. They provide them with food, medical assistance and shelter at the time of
crisis.
 Improves government performance: The NGOs always try to keep the government
on their toes by putting pressure on them to solve people’s problems. They even provide
solutions to numerous problems and also share collected data, and improve the
government’s approach to such issues.

FUNCTIONS OF NGO-

NGOs often are created to serve many causes. Some of them are listed below:

Poverty Alleviation

Due to various reasons such as lack of funds, lack of means or corruption, the government
cannot provide its benefits to all the people who are stricken with poverty. NGOs often step in
and contribute to poverty alleviation. They try to provide access to quality education, clean
drinking water, housing, sanitation and healthcare. NGOs help the people and try to instil the
ideas of self-reliance and capacity building. NGOs also make people aware of various
beneficial government schemes and projects of which the people are usually unaware.

Importance of NGO in the Promotion of Education

Education is the most powerful tool that can enable a person and his future generations to break
the shackles of poverty. NGOs offer various solutions to help people in need by conducting
skill-development workshops, providing quality education to children, and facilitating sports
and other extra-curricular activities. This enables the children not to fall prey to child labour
and later groom themselves into capable individuals.

Protection of Environment and Wildlife:

Owing to issues like growing population, rapid development and limited natural resources have
taken a toll on our environment. Environmental NGO try to educate the masses about
environmental issues and its long-lasting impacts. They also help the government to get
information to implement effective environmental plans. Many times NGOs also keep the
government in check by taking legal recourse to stop environmental damage which might be
caused due to its projects.

Human Rights Activism:

There are gross human rights violations that take place throughout the world. Human rights
protection NGOs act as a defence mechanism to tackle the issues by highlighting them and
helping the victims. NGOs help towards the betterment of humankind. It extends its assistance
to people whose human rights have been violated. Another importance of NGO entities is that
they collect information about these victims and report it to various agencies. Through their
acts, they create awareness and educate individuals about its importance.
Women’s Rights:

Women empowerment is desperately needed. In order to facilitate sustainable development and

uplift women’s status economically, socially and politically, women must be empowered.
Many NGOs provide skill development and training and make women aware of their legal/
property rights. They safeguard women from domestic violence and social evils as well. NGOs
have changed many women’s lives drastically and helped them become independent and make
crucial decisions for themselves.

Health care and Medical services:

These NGOs work to ensure that vulnerable people are able to lead a healthy and fruitful life.
To achieve that, they often create health care institutions. They serve vulnerable groups such
as women, the elderly and children. They even help people suffering from issues such as drug
addiction and alcoholism. Many a time, they set up health camps and workshops to educate
people about health and the problems around it.

TYPES OF NGOs-

Based on orientation-

These are some NGO classifications based on their orientations:

1. Charity

Charitable orientations refer to paternalistic endeavours with little involvement from

recipients. It includes NGOs that run campaigns to meet the needs of the underprivileged,
such as to provide clothing, medication, food, shelter, education and transportation. Such
NGOs also play an active role in supporting those in need after natural disasters. These
organisations play a very significant role in fostering development. Typically, they get
financial support from the government and they can also receive private donations.

2. Service

Service orientations include those organisations that run campaigns to advance family
planning, healthcare and education. They categorise such activities into programmes that ask
for people's active involvement to ensure smooth execution. The funds for these organisations
can come from private individuals or from the government.

Participation

Self-help initiatives with a participatory orientation include locals in the project's

implementation, whether through financial, labour, material or other contributions.
Participation starts with the identification of needs and continues through the planning and
execution phases of a community development project. Participatory orientation is common
in cooperatives.

4. Empowerment
Empowering orientations aim to raise awareness regarding the potential power that
impoverished people possess to improve their own lives. It also assists them in better
understanding the political, economic and social elements that affect them. These
organisations can emerge spontaneously around a problem or topic in some cases, while in
other cases, external professionals assist in the establishment of such groups.

Based on level of operation

These are some classifications of NGOs based on their level of operation:

Community-based organisations

Community-based organisations or CBOs form as a result of individual initiatives. Sports

teams, women's organisations, neighbourhood associations and religious or educational
institutions are a few examples of CBOs. These organisations come in many different forms,
some of which are endorsed by national or international NGOs, or bilateral or international
organisations, while others operate without outside assistance.

City-wide organisations

NGOs with a city-wide focus include organisations like the coalitions of business,
associations of community organisations, chambers of commerce and industry and
associations of ethnic or educational organisations. Individuals form these organisations with
the objective of helping the poor. Some of them may also work towards helping those in need
as one of their primary endeavours.

. National NGOs

National NGOs are NGOs that function across a nation. The Red Cross and YMCAs or
YWCAs are examples of national NGOs. Some of them help nearby NGOs and have state
and duty-based branches.

. International NGOs

International NGOs engage in a variety of activities, notably by providing funding for

regional NGOs, institutions and projects. They are also responsible for carrying out the
initiatives themselves. Examples of international NGOs include Save the Children
organisations, CARE and OXFAM.
ACTIVITIES UNDERTAKEN BY NGOs-
NGOs work on investigating alternative energy sources, supporting local economic projects,
and promoting gender equality. NGOs can also take on humanitarian, relief-oriented roles.
These organizations focus on bringing aid to those affected by armed conflict, natural
disasters, famines, and more.
Non-governmental organizations (NGOs) are organizations that operate independently of the
government and are typically driven by a social or political goal. NGOs can undertake a variety
of activities depending on their mission and focus, but some common activities include:

Advocacy and lobbying: NGOs can work to advocate for certain causes or policies, and lobby
government officials or other stakeholders to support their position.

Awareness raising and education: NGOs can work to increase public awareness and
understanding of certain issues, and provide education and training to individuals and
communities.

Service delivery: Many NGOs provide direct services to communities in need, such as
healthcare, education, or social services.

Humanitarian assistance: NGOs often provide emergency relief and assistance to

communities affected by natural disasters, conflict, or other crises.

Research and analysis: NGOs can conduct research and analysis on various social or political
issues, and use this information to inform policy and advocacy efforts.
Capacity building: NGOs can work to build the capacity of individuals and organizations in
order to better address social or political issues.

Networking and collaboration: NGOs can work to build networks and collaborate with other
organizations, governments, and stakeholders to achieve their goals.

These are just a few examples of the many activities undertaken by NGOs. The specific
activities of an NGO depend on its mission, focus, and resources, as well as the social,
political, and economic context in which it operates.
NGOs take up and execute projects to promote welfare of the community they work with.
They work to address various concerns and issues prevailing within the society. NGOs are
not-for-profit bodies which means they do not have any commercial interest.

A major objective of many non-governmental organizations (NGOs) is welfare work in

relation to poverty and disease or in respect to social groups such as the elderly or children.
Some other types of NGOs help groups of people to unite at a grass-roots level and find their
voice in local and national government.
There are numerous NGOs (Non-Governmental Organizations) in India working towards
various social causes. Some of the activities commonly conducted by NGOs in India include:

Education: NGOs in India are working towards improving education standards in the country,
especially for underprivileged children. They provide free or subsidized education, run after-
school programs, provide scholarships, and promote adult education.
Healthcare: NGOs in India are also involved in providing healthcare services to people who
cannot afford them. They set up healthcare centres, organize medical camps, provide free
medicines, and conduct health awareness campaigns.

Women Empowerment: NGOs in India work towards women's empowerment and gender
equality. They provide vocational training, create self-help groups, and provide legal aid to
women. They also organize awareness programs against female foeticide, domestic violence,
and sexual harassment.

Environment: NGOs in India work towards environmental conservation and sustainability.

They promote the use of renewable energy sources, conduct tree plantation drives, and create
awareness about the importance of environmental protection.

Disaster Relief: NGOs in India are involved in providing relief and rehabilitation services
during natural calamities like floods, earthquakes, and cyclones. They provide food, shelter,
and medical aid to affected people.

Animal Welfare: NGOs in India work towards animal welfare and protection. They rescue and
rehabilitate abandoned or abused animals, run animal shelters, and promote animal welfare
through awareness campaigns.

These are just a few examples of the various activities conducted by NGOs in India. There are
many other areas like child rights, disability rights, rural development, and many more where
NGOs are working tirelessly to make a positive impact on society.
CHAPTER 2 – LITERATURE REVIEW

AjibadeYetunde (2009) define NGOs as the bridge between private and public sectors in the
development activities and a missing link to the community to the country government. The
close examine of the NGOs program operation, its growth, and effectiveness in its system
networking, skilful proposal writing and approaching to the funding donors are closely
observed. Hence the role of English language and communication skills are the missing points
we find to fulfil all these activities. Dr. Dhaka TekNath (2006) NGOs had been contributing
much in the socio-economy of the rural community their livelihood in Nepal. Talks about the
effectiveness and passive both side of the Organization much supportive and social back bone
to uplift the marginal and backward communities in Nepal. The need of development in the
areas of expert professional are found to be upgraded

Sing Amina (2007) focuses on NGOs‟ governance, guidance and donor’s behaviours. Also the
geographical proximity, information, proficiency of language and modern networking are
much valued. Role of independent board are noted as essential in any agreements to partners
with the donor’s agencies. It draws the vital role playing of the particular language that is
English and its skilful communication. De Caro R. E. Eliana (2009) picks up the error speaking
of English language by the University students and processing of training the advantage and
importance of learning and using idioms in English for the effective and influencing language
communication.

Dr. Agyemany Gloria (2009) reaches to the point of NGOs accountability and Aid delivery to
the civil society. Finds the need of independent on accountability managements and suggest
for more study on its improvement and impact mechanism. The nature of reports,
documentation and capacity structure the size of NGOs. Merriam (1988) stated that a look at
the array of operations and the multi-faceteddevelopmentoriented activities of these NGOs
gives some concern when compared with their language activities. Wellard and Copestake
(1993) further stated that NGOs in their capacity for technology generation and dissemination,
NGOs are involved in identification of research priorities, evaluation of new technologies,
innovation and experimentation using participatory methods, closer links with rural
communities with a more intimate understanding of needs at this level. It has become clear that
NGOs are development oriented. They are meant to focus on issues that will contribute to the
development of the society in which they operate

The World Bank defines NGOs as “private organizations that pursue activities to relieve
suffering, promote the interests of the poor, protect the environment, provide basic social ser
vices or undertake community development” (World Bank Operational Directive 14.70).

Pagaria (2006) viewed that Non-Governmental organizations play a vital role in bringing the
under privileged and least-advantaged to the common stream of the society. With the passage
of time, there has been a big increase in their physical as well as financial activities. Their
presence has also increased from the national to the international level and the source of funds
has also diversified from private donations to international funding agencies.

Gopisetti and Venkateshwarlu (2008) has advocated that Self Help Group (SHG) is a
mechanism to extend mutual help and support through sharing ideas, experiences. information,
other services and resources. The groups may be viewed as a process or an institution for
socioeconomic transformation leading to empowerment of the rural poor. It is worth to note
that access to financial services is a basic objective of SHGs and may be a dominating one.
However, they are basically credit plus groups; Credit plus implies that apart from credit
facility, other activities related to economic business and social development are also
undertaken with equal emphasis, the main thrust of the Self Help Group's scheme is helping
and promoting self-employment among the rural poor. The scheme also envisages skill training
to take up different production activities. These activities enhance the economic and social self-
reliance,

Ramesh (2004) has advocated that improving conditions for independent and less stressful
working lives NGOs can explore ways in which childcare provision can be improved. This can
be local action and organising a childcare centre or lobbying to change government policy on
childcare. Lack of childcare is one of the reasons women have to leave paid work and one of
the main reasons why they take up home working but also one the reasons why working at
home is difficult-one cannot do two jobs at once.

Franda (2008) concluded that voluntary agencies engaged in social welfare activities, like
helping the helpless, doing relief work, spreading literacy and so on, have a creditable record
of achievement in India since the days of British rule. However, tracing the evolution of
voluntary organisations in India, Marcus Franda has observed that there has been a directional
change over 3 the years in the character of these organisations. “The general directions of this
change-whether for groups inspired by a religion, by Gandhi: by a political ideology or by
patronage politics has run counter to older ideas of welfare, charity and social reform to
emphasis professionalism, in the service of self-reliant community development.”.

Sen (1997) noted that the non-profit sector in India includes religion-political institutions,
institutions that have emerged from or nourished social movements, voluntary organisations,
community based or grassroots organisations, welfare wings of religious organisations,
business associations and associations for promotion of art, science and culture. It includes a
range of institutions, which are outside the government and can include voluntary grass-root
organisations, community based organisations, intermediary voluntary development
organisations, private consultancy, and research groups, academic institutions, and even parts
of the media. India has also seen the growth of co-operatives and trade Unions, which also fall
under the broad conception of third sector.

Siddhartha (2004) quoted that the quest for better livelihood opportunities has led to largescale
migration and the mushrooming of slums in several Indian cities. Unfortunately, a significant
section of the urban poor do not have access to many of the benefits of urban development.
Much of the challenge of delivering services to the marginalized groups lies in identifying them
and effectively approaching them, so that limited resources are utilized well and programs
address real needs. There is a presence of the public sector as well as NGOs in urban areas.
The growing requirement for health services for the urban poor, owing to rapid urban
population growth, necessitates thinking about the collaborative approach of the public and
non-profit sector for health services in urban areas.

Kamath Sangeeta (2004) examines recent policy discussions on Non - Governmental

Organizations (NGOs) and their central role in the democratization of civil society. The author
argues that the policy debate on NGOs exemplifies the conflict between liberalism and
socialism, or more specifically between private interest and public good. The contemporary
context of neoliberal economic policies and structural adjustment represents a vindication of
liberal norms, and the ascendancy of NGOs is theorized in this context. An analysis of recent
policy positions on NGOs and their role in promoting governance and development is
illustrative of the complex ways in which NGOs, at local and international levels, are being
incorporated into the neo-liberal model of civil society.

Women's NGOs usually see women as whole beings, not just workers in a factory or office.
They can make the links between women in different parts of the production and between
women's paid and unpaid work. Self-Employed Women's Association (SEWA) has
successfully done this in organising the self-employed in India.
CHAPTER 3- RESEARCH METHODOLOGY

The research methodology employed by an NGO (Non-Governmental Organization) can vary

depending on the nature of their work, the specific objectives of their research, available
resources, and the context in which they operate. Here are some commonly used research
methodologies by NGOs:

Literature Review: NGOs often conduct literature reviews to gather existing knowledge and
evidence on a particular issue or topic. This involves reviewing academic publications, reports,
policy documents, and other relevant literature to gain a comprehensive understanding of the
subject.

Surveys and Questionnaires: NGOs may design and administer surveys or questionnaires to
collect data from individuals or communities. This quantitative research method helps gather
standardized information and can be used to measure opinions, attitudes, behaviors, or
demographic characteristics.

Interviews: NGOs often conduct interviews to gather qualitative data. They may conduct
structured, semi-structured, or unstructured interviews with individuals or groups to obtain in-
depth insights, personal experiences, and perspectives related to their research objectives.

Focus Group Discussions: Focus group discussions involve bringing together a small group of
individuals with similar characteristics or experiences to discuss specific topics. NGOs may
organize focus groups to explore complex issues, gather diverse viewpoints, and generate in-
depth qualitative data.

Case Studies: NGOs may use case studies to examine specific instances or examples that
illustrate the challenges, successes, and impacts related to their work. Case studies involve
detailed investigations and analysis of real-life situations, organizations, or communities.

Action Research: Action research is a participatory approach where NGOs collaborate with the
communities they serve to identify and address issues collectively. It involves cycles of
research, reflection, action, and learning to generate practical solutions and drive positive
change.
Participatory Rural Appraisal (PRA): PRA is a research methodology that emphasizes
community participation and local knowledge. NGOs using this approach engage with
community members to gather information, identify priorities, and collectively analyse and
interpret data.

Ethnographic Research: Ethnographic research involves immersive, long-term fieldwork to

understand the culture, behaviour, and social dynamics of a specific community or group.
NGOs may employ ethnographic methods to gain a deep understanding of the context and
develop culturally sensitive interventions.

Impact Assessments and Evaluation: NGOs often conduct impact assessments and evaluations
to measure the effectiveness and outcomes of their programs or interventions. This may involve
quantitative and qualitative data collection, data analysis, and the use of standardized
evaluation frameworks.

Participatory Monitoring and Evaluation: NGOs may engage stakeholders, including

community members, in the monitoring and evaluation process. This participatory approach
allows for the active involvement of those affected by the programs and ensures their voices
are heard in decision-making processes.

OBJECTIVES-

To critically examine the role and impact of NGO working towards various causes like
elimination of poverty, education, for underprivileged, women empowerment and so
on.

TYPES OF DATA-

 Demographic data: This includes information about the age, gender, race, ethnicity, and
socioeconomic status of individuals or communities.

 Geographic data: This includes information about the location and distribution of
populations, as well as environmental or infrastructural features of the area.

 Socioeconomic data: This includes information about income, education, occupation,

and other economic or social indicators.

 Health data: This includes information about health outcomes, disease prevalence, and
access to healthcare services.
 Environmental data: This includes information about natural resources, pollution
levels, and other environmental factors.

 Political data: This includes information about political systems, governance structures,
and policies that may impact communities.

 Qualitative data: This includes data collected through interviews, surveys, or focus
groups, which may provide insight into individual experiences, perspectives, or
opinions.
 CHAPTER 4- NGO 1

Speak Up World Foundation is a non-profit organization. Its main focus is to ensure good
health, and education and save the environment for all children by bringing them out of the
rancorous circle of poverty through a range of activities.

Speak-Up World Foundation (SWF) is 1 year 4 months old Private Not for Profit Company
incorporated on 18 Jan 2022. Its registered office is in South Delhi, Delhi, India.

The Company's status is Active. It's a company limited by shares with an authorized capital
of Rs 1.00 Lakh and a paid-up capital of Rs 0.10 Lakh as per MCA.

2 Directors are associated with the organization. Aditya Kumar and Pragya Dalal are
presently associated as directors.
Inspired by her own life journey, the founder along with her team has worked tirelessly for

their projects. With the help of several initiatives such as Red Spot, Paryavaran, and Social

Work Activities Speak Up NGO is constantly trying to give opportunities to youngsters with

knowledge and skills to make them self-reliant .

Role and Responsibilities of the Interns

 In 4 weeks, 4 tasks will be provided.
 You will have the whole week to submit each social work task.
 (PARYAVARAN)

( PROVIDING SANITARY NAPKINS TO SLUM

AREAS)

(TREE PLANTATION)
CHAPTER- 5 NGO 2
SHIRDI SAI GLOBAL FOUNDATION

COMPANY OVERVIEW-
he Shirdi Sai Global Foundation is a non-profit organization dedicated to promoting the
teachings and principles of Shirdi Sai Baba. Shirdi Sai Baba was a revered spiritual
master who lived in Shirdi, a small town in Maharashtra, India, during the late 19th and
early 20th centuries. He is considered a saint by his followers and is known for his
teachings of love, compassion, and selfless service.

The Shirdi Sai Global Foundation aims to spread the spiritual teachings of Shirdi Sai
Baba and provide support to individuals and communities in need. The foundation
operates various programs and initiatives to achieve its goals, which include:

Spiritual Discourses and Events: The foundation organizes spiritual discourses,

Satsang’s (devotional gatherings), and events where devotees can come together to
learn and discuss the teachings of Shirdi Sai Baba. These events often include bhajans
(devotional songs) and prayers.

Service Projects: The foundation is involved in several service projects focused on

providing assistance to the underprivileged and marginalized communities. These
projects may include feeding the homeless, organizing medical camps, supporting
education initiatives, and providing relief during natural disasters.

Pilgrimages: The foundation facilitates pilgrimages to the sacred town of Shirdi, where
devotees can visit the Shirdi Sai Baba temple and participate in spiritual rituals and
prayers. These pilgrimages provide devotees with an opportunity to deepen their
spiritual connection and seek blessings.

Educational Activities: The foundation emphasizes the importance of education and

often supports initiatives that promote access to quality education. This can include
scholarships, educational infrastructure development, and vocational training
programs.

Community Development: The foundation works towards the overall development and
upliftment of communities. This may involve initiatives focused on improving
healthcare facilities, sanitation, access to clean water, and other essential services.

AIMS AND VISION-

Humanitarian Service: The primary aim of Shirdi Sai Global Foundation (SSGF) is to
serve humanity by providing humanitarian assistance to individuals and communities
in need. This includes addressing issues such as poverty, healthcare, education, and
empowerment of marginalized groups.

Spiritual Guidance: SSGF aims to promote and disseminate the teachings and values of
Shirdi Sai Baba. The foundation seeks to provide spiritual guidance, organize Satsang’s
(spiritual gatherings), and facilitate pilgrimages to sacred places associated with Shirdi
Sai Baba to help individuals deepen their spiritual connection.

Community Development: SSGF is committed to contributing to the development and

upliftment of communities. The foundation focuses on initiatives that enhance
infrastructure, education, healthcare, and overall well-being in economically
disadvantaged and rural areas.

Disaster Relief and Rehabilitation: Another aim of SSGF is to respond promptly to

natural disasters and emergencies by providing immediate relief and support. The
foundation is dedicated to assisting affected communities in their recovery and long-
term rehabilitation.

Vision:
The vision of Shirdi Sai Global Foundation is to create a compassionate and inclusive
society that embodies the teachings and values of Shirdi Sai Baba. The foundation
strives to foster a world where individuals have access to basic necessities,
opportunities for growth and development, and spiritual guidance. The vision includes:

Spreading Sai Baba's Message: SSGF envisions spreading the universal message of
love, compassion, tolerance, and selfless service that Shirdi Sai Baba advocated. The
foundation aims to create awareness and inspire individuals to incorporate these values
into their daily lives.

Empowering the Marginalized: SSGF seeks to empower marginalized communities and

individuals by providing access to education, healthcare, and resources that enable them
to improve their socio-economic conditions and lead dignified lives.

Creating Sustainable Change: The foundation's vision includes implementing

sustainable development models and initiatives that have a lasting impact on
communities. SSGF aims to create self-reliant communities, promote environmental
conservation, and foster economic empowerment.

Global Outreach and Collaboration: SSGF envisions expanding its reach and impact
globally by establishing partnerships and collaborations with like-minded organizations
and individuals. The foundation aims to share its knowledge, resources, and expertise
to collectively address societal challenges and make a positive difference worldwide.

REGISTERATION PROCESS-

[3:37 pm, 25/05/2023] Siddhi🌸: The registration process for Shirdi Sai Global
Foundation may vary depending on the specific legal requirements and regulations of
the country or region where the foundation intends to operate. However, here is a
general outline of the registration process:

Determine Legal Structure: Decide on the legal structure of the foundation. This could
be a trust, society, non-profit company, or any other legal entity recognized for
charitable purposes. Research and understand the legal requirements and implications
of each structure.
Name and Mission Statement: Choose a unique name for the foundation that aligns with
its objectives. Draft a mission statement that clearly outlines the purpose and goals of
the foundation.

Board of Trustees/Members: Form a board of trustees or members who will be

responsible for governing and managing the foundation. Consider individuals who are
committed to the foundation's mission and have the necessary skills and expertise.

Draft Governing Documents: Prepare the necessary governing documents, such as the
constitution, memorandum and articles of association, trust deed, or bylaws. These
documents outline the internal rules, regulations, and governance structure of the
foundation.

Seek Legal Advice: Consult with a legal professional or expert in non-profit law to
ensure compliance with local regulations and requirements. They can guide you
through the registration process and help prepare the necessary documents.

Prepare Required Documents: Gather the necessary documents for the registration
process. This typically includes the application form, governing documents, identity
proofs of board members, proof of address, and any other specific documents required
by the registering authority.

Registration Application: Submit the completed application form along with the
required documents to the appropriate registering authority or government department
responsible for non-profit organizations. Pay any applicable fees or charges.

Compliance and Approval: The registering authority will review the application and
supporting documents for compliance with legal requirements. They may conduct an
evaluation or inspection, if necessary. Once satisfied, they will issue the registration
certificate or approval.

Tax and Legal Obligations: After registration, ensure compliance with tax regulations
and fulfil any ongoing reporting or filing requirements, such as submitting annual
financial statements, tax returns, or other relevant documents.

5.2 PROJECTS AND ACTIVITIES-

Projects and Activities of Shirdi Sai Global Foundation

Educational Initiatives: Shirdi Sai Global Foundation focuses on promoting education

and empowering underprivileged children and students. Some of the educational
projects and activities may include:

Scholarships: Providing financial assistance and scholarships to deserving students to

pursue their education.

Infrastructure Development: Building and improving educational infrastructure, such

as schools, libraries, and classrooms, in underserved areas.
Vocational Training: Conducting vocational training programs to equip individuals
with practical skills for employment and self-sufficiency.

Educational Support: Providing educational materials, stationery, and resources to

students in need.

Healthcare Programs:
Shirdi Sai Global Foundation aims to improve access to healthcare services and support
communities in need. The foundation's healthcare projects and activities may include:

Medical Camps: Organizing medical camps to provide free or low-cost healthcare

services, health check-ups, and preventive care in underserved areas.

Financial Assistance: Offering financial support for medical treatments, surgeries, and
medications for individuals who cannot afford healthcare expenses.

Health Awareness Campaigns: Conducting awareness programs and campaigns to

educate communities about preventive healthcare practices, hygiene, and disease
prevention.

Support to Healthcare Institutions: Collaborating with hospitals, clinics, and healthcare

professionals to enhance healthcare facilities and services.

Community Development Initiatives:

Shirdi Sai Global Foundation is committed to community development and improving
the quality of life for marginalized communities. Some of the community development
projects and activities may include:

Infrastructure Development: Building community centers, sanitation facilities, and

other essential infrastructure to uplift communities.

Livelihood Support: Providing training, resources, and support for income-generating

activities, entrepreneurship, and sustainable livelihoods.

Women Empowerment: Implementing programs focused on women's empowerment,

including skill development, vocational training, and promoting gender equality.

Rural Development: Undertaking initiatives to address the specific needs of rural

communities, such as agricultural projects, clean water supply, and renewable energy
solutions.

Disaster Relief and Rehabilitation:

Shirdi Sai Global Foundation responds to natural disasters and humanitarian crises,
providing immediate relief and supporting affected communities in their recovery and
rehabilitation efforts. Activities may include:

Emergency Relief: Providing essential supplies like food, water, shelter, and medical
aid to affected communities in the aftermath of disasters.
Rehabilitation Programs: Assisting in the long-term recovery and rehabilitation of
communities, including rebuilding homes, schools, and infrastructure.

Psychosocial Support: Offering counselling services and psychosocial support to

individuals traumatized by disasters or emergencies.

Disaster Preparedness: Conducting awareness programs and training sessions to

prepare communities for future disasters and mitigate their impact.

5.3 FUNCTIONING OF NGO-

Tie-ups:

Collaboration with NGOs and Charitable Organizations: Shirdi Sai Global Foundation
may establish partnerships and collaborations with other non-governmental
organizations (NGOs) and charitable organizations working towards similar goals.
These partnerships can leverage resources, share expertise, and maximize the impact of
collective efforts.

Corporate Partnerships: The foundation may seek partnerships with corporate entities
that share a commitment to social responsibility. Such partnerships can involve
financial support, in-kind donations, employee volunteering, or collaborative projects
that benefit the community.

Government Agencies and Institutions: Shirdi Sai Global Foundation may collaborate
with government agencies and institutions to implement projects and initiatives. This
can involve working together to address specific social or developmental challenges,
accessing government grants or funding, or aligning with government programs and
policies.

International Organizations: The foundation may forge alliances with international

organizations, such as United Nations agencies, international NGOs, or global
philanthropic foundations. These partnerships can provide access to global resources,
expertise, and networks to support the foundation's projects and activities.

Fundraising:

Individual Donations: Shirdi Sai Global Foundation may actively seek donations from
individuals who resonate with the foundation's mission and want to contribute towards
its projects and initiatives. This can be done through online platforms, fundraising
events, direct mail campaigns, or personal solicitations.

Corporate Sponsorships: The foundation may approach corporations and businesses for
sponsorship opportunities. This can include sponsoring specific projects, events, or
initiatives in exchange for recognition, branding opportunities, and corporate social
responsibility (CSR) alignment.

Grants and Foundations: Shirdi Sai Global Foundation may apply for grants from
foundations, both local and international, that support charitable causes aligned with
the foundation's objectives. This may involve researching and identifying grant
opportunities, submitting proposals, and fulfilling reporting requirements.

Fundraising Events: The foundation may organize fundraising events such as charity
galas, benefit concerts, marathons, or auctions to raise funds. These events not only
generate financial support but also help raise awareness about the foundation's work
and attract new donors.

Online Fundraising Platforms: Leveraging digital platforms, Shirdi Sai Global

Foundation can create online fundraising campaigns and appeals. Crowdfunding
platforms, social media campaigns, and the foundation's website can be utilized to reach
a broader audience and facilitate convenient online donations.

Partnerships with Philanthropists and High-net-worth Individuals: The foundation may

cultivate relationships with philanthropists, influential individuals, and high-net-worth
donors who are passionate about social causes. These individuals can provide
significant financial support, advocate for the foundation's work, and help mobilize
resources.

Role of Volunteers in Shirdi Sai Global Foundation:

Volunteers play a vital role in the operations and success of Shirdi Sai Global
Foundation. Their dedication, skills, and commitment contribute significantly to the
foundation's projects and activities. Here are some key roles volunteers may have:

Project Implementation: Volunteers actively participate in the implementation of

various projects and activities undertaken by the foundation. They contribute their time,
energy, and expertise in areas such as education, healthcare, community development,
and disaster relief.

Skill-based Support: Volunteers with specific skills or professional expertise may offer
their services in areas like teaching, healthcare, project management, fundraising,
communications, or technology. Their specialized knowledge enhances the quality and
effectiveness of the foundation's initiatives.

Community Engagement: Volunteers engage with the communities served by the

foundation, building relationships, and understanding their needs and aspirations. They
act as liaisons between the foundation and the community, facilitating effective
communication and collaboration.

Awareness and Advocacy: Volunteers help raise awareness about the foundation's
work, mission, and impact. They advocate for social causes, promote the foundation's
projects and initiatives, and mobilize support from individuals, organizations, and the
broader community.

Event Management: Volunteers may assist in organizing and managing fundraising

events, awareness campaigns, workshops, and other activities conducted by the
foundation. They contribute their time and skills to ensure the smooth execution of such
events.
Donations to Shirdi Sai Global Foundation:

Donations play a crucial role in enabling Shirdi Sai Global Foundation to implement its
projects and fulfill its mission. Here's how donations contribute to the foundation's
work:

Financial Support: Monetary donations provide the necessary funds to initiate and
sustain the foundation's projects and activities. These funds are utilized for various
purposes, such as providing scholarships, healthcare services, infrastructure
development, and disaster relief efforts.

Resource Provision: Donations in the form of goods, materials, or equipment help meet
the specific needs of the foundation's initiatives. These can include educational
materials, medical supplies, construction materials, or other essential resources required
for project implementation.

Impact Expansion: Donations enable Shirdi Sai Global Foundation to expand its reach
and impact. With increased financial resources, the foundation can extend its programs
to serve more communities, support additional individuals, and implement a wider
range of projects.

Sustainability: Regular donations contribute to the foundation's long-term

sustainability. They help ensure ongoing operations, continuous support to
beneficiaries, and the ability to plan for future initiatives and contingencies.

Donor Engagement: Donations provide an opportunity for individuals and

organizations to actively engage with the foundation's mission. Donors become partners
in creating positive change and have the satisfaction of knowing their contributions are
making a difference in the lives of others.

5.4 CONTRIBUTION TO THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE COUNTRY-

Shirdi Sai Global Foundation's contribution to the development of a country can be

significant in several ways. Here are some ways in which the foundation can contribute
to the development of a country:

Education and Skill Development: By focusing on educational initiatives, Shirdi Sai

Global Foundation can contribute to the development of human capital in the country.
Providing access to quality education, scholarships, and vocational training programs
can equip individuals with the necessary skills and knowledge for personal and
professional growth. This, in turn, contributes to the overall development and
productivity of the country's workforce.

Healthcare Access and Improvement: The foundation's healthcare programs and

initiatives can contribute to improving access to healthcare services, especially in
underserved areas. By organizing medical camps, providing financial assistance for
medical treatments, and raising health awareness, Shirdi Sai Global Foundation can
contribute to enhancing the country's healthcare infrastructure and the well-being of its
citizens.

Community Development and Empowerment: Shirdi Sai Global Foundation's

community development projects aim to uplift marginalized communities and empower
them socio-economically. Through infrastructure development, livelihood support,
women's empowerment programs, and rural development initiatives, the foundation can
contribute to reducing inequality, poverty, and social exclusion within the country.

Disaster Relief and Rehabilitation: Natural disasters and emergencies can have a
devastating impact on a country. Shirdi Sai Global Foundation's prompt response to
such crises, providing immediate relief and long-term rehabilitation support, can
contribute to the country's resilience and recovery. By assisting affected communities
in rebuilding infrastructure, homes, and livelihoods, the foundation plays a crucial role
in rebuilding and revitalizing affected areas.

Promotion of Spiritual Values and Social Harmony: Shirdi Sai Global Foundation's
focus on spreading the teachings and values of Shirdi Sai Baba, such as love,
compassion, and tolerance, can contribute to fostering social harmony and a sense of
unity among individuals and communities. This emphasis on spiritual values can create
a conducive environment for inclusive development, promoting peace, and social
cohesion.

Collaboration and Partnerships: Through its collaborations with other NGOs, corporate
entities, government agencies, and international organizations, Shirdi Sai Global
Foundation can contribute to collective efforts towards the country's development.
These partnerships leverage resources, expertise, and networks, leading to synergistic
effects and amplifying the foundation's impact.
CHAPTER 6- FINDINGS, SUGGESTIONS, CONCLUSION –

CONCLUSION-

Shirdi Sai Global Foundation is a non-profit organization dedicated to promoting the

teachings and principles of Shirdi Sai Baba. It operates through various programs and
initiatives to spread spiritual teachings, provide support to those in need, and contribute
to community development.

The foundation organizes spiritual discourses, events, and pilgrimages to facilitate the
understanding and practice of Shirdi Sai Baba's teachings. It also engages in service
projects, such as feeding the homeless, organizing medical camps, and supporting
education initiatives. These activities reflect a commitment to serving the
underprivileged and marginalized communities.

Additionally, the foundation emphasizes the importance of education and may support
educational activities, including scholarships, infrastructure development, and
vocational training programs. It aims to contribute to the overall development and
upliftment of communities by focusing on areas such as healthcare, sanitation, and
access to clean water.

The foundation relies on the contributions and support of its members, devotees, and
partners to carry out its activities. Donations, volunteer efforts, and partnerships play a
crucial role in enabling the foundation to fulfil its mission.

SUGGESTIONS-

1. Expand Outreach: Consider expanding the outreach efforts to reach a wider

audience and raise awareness about the teachings of Shirdi Sai Baba. This can
include utilizing social media platforms, organizing online events or webinars,
and collaborating with other organizations to reach more people who may
benefit from the foundation's activities.

2. Strengthen Service Projects: Continuously assess and strengthen the existing

service projects to maximize their impact. Conduct regular needs assessments
in communities served by the foundation to identify the most pressing needs
and develop targeted initiatives to address them effectively.

3. Collaboration and Partnerships: Explore opportunities for collaboration and

partnerships with other organizations and stakeholders working in similar
domains. This can help leverage resources, share expertise, and broaden the
scope of impact. Collaborations can include joint events, initiatives, or sharing
best practices and knowledge.

4. Youth and Education Focus: Place emphasis on engaging and involving the
youth in the foundation's activities. Consider developing specific programs and
initiatives to promote the teachings of Shirdi Sai Baba among young people and
encourage their active participation. Additionally, continue supporting
educational activities, scholarships, and vocational training programs to
empower individuals through education.
5. Transparency and Accountability: Foster a culture of transparency and
accountability within the organization. Ensure that financial records are
maintained and regularly audited, and provide periodic reports on the
foundation's activities, achievements, and utilization of funds to build trust and
credibility among stakeholders.

6. Volunteer Engagement: Create avenues for individuals to contribute their time

and skills as volunteers. Establish a structured volunteer program that allows
interested individuals to actively participate in the foundation's activities,
thereby expanding the reach and impact of its initiatives.

7. Impact Assessment: Implement a system for measuring and evaluating the

impact of the foundation's activities. This can involve monitoring and tracking
the outcomes of service projects, conducting surveys or assessments to gather
feedback from beneficiaries, and using the findings to refine and improve the
programs over time.
CHAPTER 7- REFERENCES

https://www.researchgate.net/publication/286786577_Non-
Governmental_Organisations_NGOs_in_India_Opportunities_and_Challenges

https://www.jbepnet.com/journals/Vol_1_No_1_June_2014/10.pdf

https://ideas.repec.org/p/sch/wpaper/66.html

https://academicjournals.org/articles/j_articles/INGOJ

https://www.shirdisaiglobalfoundation.org/

https://speakupngo.org/