Jeisel Kezia

22/503895/EK/24127

ENGLISH
UJIAN MID GASAL 2022/2023

A. Vocabularies
Please explain in your own English and give examples of the following vocabularies
1. Economic contagion : A national or global phenomenon that describes how an economic
crisis spreads from one market or region to another. Contagion can spread both
domestically and internationally, but their importance has increased as the global
economy, the economies of some regions, and the financialization of those economies
have all increased..On of the Example for economic contagion is The failure of Lehman
Brothers in the United States

2. Macroeconomic of the flue : Similar to when people have the flu, "Macroeconomics of
the Flu" is a negative supply and demand shock that happens at a given moment and
quickly recovers. We might have a cold today, but two days from now we might feel so
well that we don't even remember having one.Variables or connections that significantly
affected macroeconomic results and performance indicators including inflation,
consumption, and unemployment. Example,A supply and demand shock known as the
"macroeconomic flu" temporarily reduces output before it quickly increases and may
even enable a full catch-up of the deficit..

3. Digital economy : a wide range of economic activities that digitized knowledge and
information as their primary production methods. Information is gathered, stored,
analyzed, and shared digitally through the use of the internet.. Example, A new
innovation by PT.GoTo Gojek Tokopedia That provides online shopping and its mobility.

4. Fiscal Spending : Fiscal policy refers to the use of government spending and tax policies
to influence economic conditions,like spurring or slowing economic activity using taxes
and government spending. These include employment, total demand for goods and
services, inflation, and economic growth. Fiscal policy is often contrasted with monetary
policy, which is enacted by central bankers and not elected government officials.
Example : Tax incentives during the COVID-19 pandemic
5. Kurzarbeit system during covid-19 : Kurzarbeit, Germany's short-time work scheme,
During a severe recession, it protects employees' income, and later it supports
production.It functions as a social insurance policy when businesses reduce employees'
working days as opposed to firing them.

Example : Short-time working is introduced with a 50% reduction in working hours;

B. Paraphrase the underline phrases or sentences.

= Until the European Convention on Human Rights came into effect in 2000, British courts
had not yet acknowledged the existence of any privacy laws.

3. The World Bank, Poverty and Inequality Platform reports that Indonesia GINI index in
2022 is 0.398 which means the dispersion of income across Indonesia is high.

= The World Bank, Poverty and Inequality Platform reports that Indonesia GINI index in
2022 is 0.398 which means the dispersion of income across Indonesia is high.

4. The average working hours of children and female, ages 7-14 – in Indonesia is 14.9
hours/week, just similar to that of Kenya, Laos, Namibia, and Mexico.
= The average working hours of ages 7 to 14 for females and kids – in Indonesia is 14.9 
hours/week, just similar to that of Kenya, Laos, Namibia, and Mexico.
5. Said Iqbal said the rise of the Labor Party was driven by the workers' disappointment over
the birth of the omnibus law on the job creation law.

= Said Iqbal said the rise of the Labor Party was driven by the dissatisfaction of the workers
over the birth of the omnibus law on the job creation law.
 C. Integrated Reading, Listening and Writing
Main Ideas of Reading Text Main Ideas of Spoken Lecturer
Thesis :
Companies organized around the concept of a
Job satisfaction and the motivation of small work group generally have a high level
workers. of worker's satisfaction

Supporting Details :

Workers are more motivated if their job offers Group fills important economic and social
a sense of community needs of the workers.

Workers needs and expectations that go The work group improves workers motivation
beyond economic concerns. They need a because it promotes an atmosphere of security
sense of security in the workplace

A high level of autonomy, in which employee The small work group gives individual a
can make their own decisions about the sense of autonomy
pacing and sequence of work with minimal
supervision.

Conclusion :  

Workers need motivation and satisfaction in The concept of a small job was effective in
their job to maximalize their potential. There increasing employee satisfaction. In small
are several things that we need to be groups, they have their economic and social
concerned about. First is that workers need a needs met. They can improve themselves too
community to work in. Second, workers need because there is a sense of security that makes
a sense of security around them. And third, them confident. And last,in the small work of
they need their own autonomy in decisions group, they have their own autonomy and
that affect them. their own voice.
 Writing by Pharaphrasing

The concept of a small group of job was effective in increasing employee satisfaction. There are
several reasons why this research is benefit us.

First, the community of a small group of people can fulfill their economic and social needs. They
socialize frequently in their small community. The attitudes, motivation, and output of each
person will be impacted by this. Therefore, it is essential to establish a healthy atmosphere since
it will enhance employee performance, which will ultimately enhance the quality of the
company's goods and services.

Second, workers work better when they sense a sense of security in their own workplace. When
employees feel secure in their work environment, they perform better. They typically provide
their best effort to contribute when they are aware of how important their participation is to the
group's success. Because their skills are needed and important to the organization, they can have
a sense of pride and personal fulfillment as a result, which could motivate them.

Third, small work groups with high levels of autonomy Employees must have confidence in their
own skills. When people are autonomous, they feel in charge of what occurs at work. Workers
take greater satisfaction in their work when they have a voice, especially inside the work group,
and they feel alienated when they don't. Employees have a right to autonomy on matters that will
influence their employment. It is simpler for a manager if they are involved in the plan since they
can set their own goals and evaluate their own performance.

At all levels of employment, however, obtaining autonomy can be challenging. Only high-
paying, high-status jobs offer a high degree of autonomy. Workers typically have less autonomy
in positions that pay less or have less reputation. The workers are more closely supervised and
have fewer autonomy choices the lower their occupational status.

Since we are all human beings, it's important to know this aspect to provide a comfortable and
safe environment in our work place. In a small group or community of work,we can get better. It
benefits in every aspect, that's included. For workers, they feel secure,free, and can still socialize.
And for a company, they get a better quality of outcome and human resources,which means that
they save a lot of money that can be used for training.