[- Ga. rest cope 02112020 | FORM TP 2022194 MAYIUNE 2022 CARIBBEAN EXAMINATIONS COUNCIL CARIBBEAN ADVANCED PROFICIENCY EXAMINATION® CHEMISTRY UNIT 1 — Paper 02 2 hours 30 minutes READ THE FOLLOWING INSTRUCTIONS CAREFULLY. 1. This paper consists of THREE questions. Answer ALL questions, 2. Write your answers in the spaces provided in this booklet. 3. Do NOT write in the margins. 4. Where appropriate, ALL WORKING MUST BE SHOWN in this booklet. 3. Adata booklet is provided, 6. You may use a silent, non-programmable calculator to answer questions. 7. If you need to rewrite any answer and there is not enough space to do so on the original page, you must use the extra lined page(s) provided at the back of this booklet. Remember to draw a line through your original answer. 8, Ifyou use the extra page(s) you MUST write the question number clearly in the box provided at the top of the extra page(s) and, where relevant, include the question part beside the answer. DO NOT TURN THIS PAGE UNTIL YOU ARE TOLD TO DO SO. Copyright © 2021 Caribbean Examinations Council All rights reserved. 1 02112020/M/CAPE 2022 ONT AD UA AA |r “ 7 Answer ALL questions. MODULE 1: FUNDAMENTALS OF CHEMISTRY 1. (@)_ Table 1 refers to the properties of simple subatomic particles. TABLE 1: PROPERTIES OF SIMPLE SUBATOMIC PARTICLES Particle Relative Mass | Relative Charge Location Electron 1/1840 -1 @. Proton co) 4 Nucleus (ii) u (iv) ‘Nucleus Complete Table 1, by inserting the information in the blank spaces provided for (i), (ii), ii) and (iv). [4 marks] (6) In 1803, John Dalton proposed four postulates which became known later as Dalton’s Atomic Theory. One of the postulates states that “Atoms of the same element are identical in mass and properties.” This postulate was later proven invalid by modern atomic theory. Describe the evidence provided to disprove the postulate and the modifications made to the postulate. ‘2 marks} GO ON TO THE NEXT PAGE. 02112020/MJ/CAPE 2022 PEP ¢ oa: WA NAF DePre pO NOT WRITE IN THIS ARES VRITE IN THIS AREA TpONOEWDO NOT WRITE IN THIS AREA DO NOT WRITE IN THIS AREA DO NOT WRITE IN THIS AREA r “ 7 (©) @)_ Define the term ‘relative atomic mass’. [2 marks} (ii) Calculate the relative atomic mass of neon which contains 90.9% of Ne, 0.3% of "Ne and 8.8% of Ne. [2 marks} GO ON TO THE NEXT PAGE 02112020/MJ/CAPE 2022@ Write the s, p electronic configuration of the oxygen atom in its ground state. - k - . é [1 mark] a Gi) Explain how the atomic orbitals in the oxygen atom overlap to form a double EE covalent bond in the oxygen molecule, O,. a es a [4 marks] Gi) The boiling point of water is higher than expected and ice has a lower density than water. Account for these physical properties of water and ice. qd a [4 marks] GO ON TO THE NEXT PAGE 02112020/MJ/CAPE 2022DO NOT WRITE IN THIS AREA DO NOT WRITE IN THIS AREA r a ©) @ __ Define the term ‘bond energy’. [1 mark] (ii) Table 2 shows the bond and energy values for some covalent bonds. TABLE 2: BOND ENERGY VALUES Bond Energy (kJ mol) H-H 436 0-0 150 O=0 496 C-H 410 c=0 740 c-0 360 O-H 460 Determine the enthalpy change for the reaction of methane and oxygen to produce carbon dioxide and water. Show all working. CH, (g) +20, (g) > CO, (g) + 2H,0 (g) (02112020/MJ/CAPE 2022 [5 marks] GO ON TO THE NEXT PAGE,r * 7 ( —Astudent is asked to determine the enthalpy of neutralization reaction between 50 cm’ of 1.00 M sodium hydroxide solution and 50 em? of 1.00 M hydrochloric acid. Outline the experimental steps required to obtain an accurate value, Include ALL calculations. [Assume that the densities of the acid/base solutions are 1 gem. The heat capacities of the solutions are 4.20 J °C"! [5 marks] Total 30 marks GO ON TO THE NEXT PAGE 02112020/MJ/CAPE 2022(DO NOT WRITE IN THIS AREA : | : : | DO NOL WRITE IN 11S AREA DO NOT WRITE IN THIS AREA r * 1 | MODULE 2: KINETICS AND EQUILIBRIA (a) A colourless liquid is extracted from ants and the liquid is found to have a pH of 4.2. (Define the term ‘pH’. Gi) Calculate the hydrogen ion concentration of the colourless liquid. [2 marks} Gi) Twenty cm? of a solution with the same pH as that of the extracted colourless liquid is placed in a flask. ‘The pH of the sotution is monitored, as 1 x 10“ mol dm? aqueous sodium hydroxide is added. Sketch the titration curve that will be obtained. [4 marks] GO ON TO THE NEXT PAGE, 02112020/MJ/CAPE 2022-10- (iv) Table 3 shows a list of indicators and pH ranges. ‘Suggest with reasons which indicator is the most suitable for use i in (ii). TABLE 3: LIST OF INDICATORS AND pH RANGES Indicator pH range Phenolphthalein 8210.1 Bromothymol blue 6.0-7.6 Methyl red 42-63 the titration 02112020/MI/CAPE 2022 [3 marks} GO ON TO THE NEXT PAGE ToT ARISE Tp Me TED PA re GeeDO NOT WRITE IN THIS AREA ‘DONOTWRITEIN THIS AREA DO NOT WRITE IN THIS AREA r “ 1 (>) ()_ Define the term ‘rate of reaction’, [2 marks] Explain how the following factors may affect the rate of a chemical reaction. + Catalysts [2 marks} + Surface area [2 marks} GO ON TO THE NEXT PAGE 02112020/MJ/CAPE 2022r “a 1 (©) An investigation of the rate of reaction between peroxodisulfate ions (S,0,") and iodide ions(I-) provides some experimental data in Table 4. TABLE 4: EXPERIMENTAL DATA FOR THE, REACTION BETWEEN S,0,” AND F- EB t Initial Initial Initial Rate amber Concentration | Concentration of Reaction wunper [8,02] moldm> | [T-] mol dm* mol dm? s+ 1 0.05 0.10 15 x 10% 2 0.10 0.10 3.0 x 10% 3 0.10 0.05 1.5 x 10% The equation for the reaction is: 8,02 + 3b 2802 + Ip (i) Use ONLY the data in Table 4 to determine the order of the reaction with respect to $,0,> and I [4 marks} Based on your answer in (¢) (i) above, determine the overall order of the reaction. [1 mark} Determine the rate law for the reaction. ~ 2 marks] GO ON TO THE NEXT PAGE 02112020/MJ/CAPE 2022 SIP ERASER aa Funan a oe i a a Tapp RE EP PA eS eSoT “: 1 (@) ——Gi)_Define the term ‘standard electrode potential of a half cell”. [2 marks} (i) Draw a labelled diagram to show how the standard electrode potential of the Fe™ (aq)/Fe* (aq) half cell can be determined. DONO HWRITEIN THIS AREA DONOT WRITE IN THIS AREA [5 marks} Total 30 marks DONOF WRITE IN THIS AREA GO ON TO THE NEXT PAGE 02112020/MJ/CAPE 2022r ns 7 MODULE 3: CHEMISTRY OF THE ELEMENTS (@) Explain how the following properties of the halogens change going down the group. (Boiling point cece Gi) Oxidizing power [ marks} GO ON TO THE NEXT PAGE & ; ; 02112020/M/CAPE 2022DONOT RITE IN THIS AREA DO NOT WRITE IN THIS AREA DONOT WRITE IN THIS AREA r “: 7 (b) Write balanced equations to show the reactions between the halide ions and concentrated sulfuric acid, (i) The reduction of H,SO, to SO, by Br- [2 marks} (ii) The reduction of H,SO, to H,S by > ‘The reaction between H,SO, and Cl “PD marks] (©) Complete the following table to show how both AgNO, (aq) and NH, (aq) can be used to distinguish between solutions of NaCl(aq) and NaBr(aq). Observation with Observation with a NaCK(aq) NaBr(aq) [5 marks] GO ON TO THE NEXT PAGE 02112020/MJ/CAPE 2022r “ 7 (d) Table 5 shows some physical properties of calcium and iron, TABLE 5: PHYSICAL PROPERTIES OF CALCIUM VS IRON ee Melting Point/ | Density/ | Atomic Radius / °C gen am Calcium, 839 155 9.197 Iron 1540 7.86 0.116 Discuss the values of the physical properties in terms of the structure and bonding of the elements. GO ON TO THE NEXT PAGE 02112020/MN/CAPE 2022r ”- 1 / (©) (_ Insertarrows into EACH of he boxes in Figure Ito show the electronic configuration é of the species. 3d 4s : a8 Fe: (An) : & 4 Mat: (An) 3S) re ce: aN a Ni (an Figure 1. [4 marks] DO.NOT WRITE IN THISAREA / | : s 5 : 5 4 GO ON TO THE NEXT PAGE 02112020/MJ/CAPE 2022 i i E-18- 7 E (ii) Considering the electronic configurations of the Cu" and Cu* ions given below, 4 discuss the fact that some copper (1) compounds are colourless but most copper (I) compounds are coloured. 4 Cur Ist 282 2p* 3s 3pé 3d”? a Cu 1s? 2st 2pf 3s? 3p 3? Total 30 marks END OF TEST IF YOU FINISH BEFORE TIME IS CALLED, CHECK YOUR WORK ON THIS TEST. 02112020/MJ/CAPE 2022