Unit 8 : Layers, Filters, Colors and

Projects
Most common practices of Adobe Photoshop is creating,
manipulating and adjusting layers, filters, colors and designing
project. This Unit covers creating, manipulating and adjusting of
image layers, filters, colors and designing projects. It provides a
broad foundation of essential Graphic design skills. It is the perfect
way to learn Graphic design if you are just starting out with the
software, upgrading from a proper version, or if you have never
received formal training-even if you have been using Photoshop
for years.

Lesson 1 : Layers
1.1. Learning Objectives

On completion of this lesson you will be able to learn:

♦ Creating new Layers.

♦ Naming new Layers.
♦ Linking between Layers.

1.2. Introduction

Layers
Layers are one of the most powerful tools included in many photo
editing programs. By using layers you can make adjustments
without changing the data of the layer underneath. This allows you
to make multiple changes without having to start over each time
an edit does turn out like you had intended.

Types of Layers
Photoshop elements offer five kinds of layers: image, adjustment,
fill, shape, and type. You’ll probably spend most of your time
creating image layers, but just so that you’re familiar with all types,
the following sections describe each one.

Image layers
The image layer usually just referred to as a layer, is essentially a
digital version of a clear acetate sheet. You can create blank
layers and add images to them, or you can create layers from
images themselves.
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Adjustment layers
An adjustment layer is a special kind of layer used for modifying
color and contrast. The advantage of using adjustment layers for
your corrections, rather than applying them direct on the image
layer, is that you can apply the corrections without permanently
affecting the pixels. Adjustment layers are totally nondestructive. It
can adjust at any time.

Fill layers
A fill layer lets you add a layer of solid color, a gradient, or a
pattern. Like adjustment layers, fill layers also include layer
masks. You can edit, rearrange, duplicate, delete, and merge fill
layers similarly to adjustment layers.

Shape layers
These shapes are vector-based, which means that the shapes are
defined by mathematical equations which create points and paths,
rather than by pixels. You can freely resize these objects without
causing degradation, and they’re always printed with smooth. To
create a shape layer, grab a shape tool from the Tools panel and
drag it on your canvas. When you create a shape, it resides on its
own, unique shape layer.

Creating a new blank Layer

Step 1. Choose File > New. The New dialog box appears.

Step 2. In the New dialog box, choose Default Photoshop Size

from the Preset drop-down menu.

Step 3. Choose Transparent from the Background Contents drop-

down menu, and press OK

Step 4. Set height, width and resolution as you’re required.

Step 5. Choose Window > Layers. Click on the Layers tab and
drag it out of the docking area.

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Step 6. Choose Window > Swatches. Click and drag on

Swatches tab to take it out of the docking area.

Step 7. Select the Rectangular Marquee tool ( ) and click and

drag; to constrain the marquee selection.

Step 8. Choose Edit > Fill, to open the Fill dialog box.

Step 9.Select Foreground Color. Leave the other settings at their

default and press OK.

Fill with your foreground color. Result.

Step 10. Choose Select > Deselect to turn off the selection
marquee, or use the keyboard shortcut Ctrl+D.

Step 11. Choose File > Save your work.

Naming your layer

Step 1. Press the New Layer button ( ). The New Layer dialog box
appears.

Hold down the Alt/Option key when creating a new layer so that
you can name it right away.

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Step 2. In the Name text field, type yellow circle, as you are
about to create a yellow circle on this layer.

Step 3. For the sake of being color-coordinated, choose Yellow

from the Color drop-down menu and press OK. A new layer
named “yellow circle” is created.

Step 4. Click and hold on the Marquee tool ( ), then choose the
hidden Elliptical Marquee tool ( ).

Step 5. Click and drag while holding the Shift key down to create
a circle selection in your image area.

Step 6. Position your cursor over the Swatches panel and click to
choose any yellow color.

Step 7. Use the keyboard shortcut Alt+Backspace to quickly fill

the selection with yellow.

Step 8. Choose Select > Deselect, This time, you’ll use the Layers
panel menu.

Step 9. Click and hold on the Elliptical Marquee tool to select the
hidden Rectangular Marquee tool.

Document now has three layers.

Step 10. Choose File > Save. Keep the mylayers.psd file open for
the next part of this lesson.

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ACTIVITY

CHECK YOUR PROGRESS

1.3 Multiple Choice questions

a. Merging layers in an image ---- file size.

i) Reduces
ii) Produces
iii) Increase
iv) Decrease.

b. Which is the tool used to move the content of layers?

i) Move (V)
ii) Sponge (S)
iii) Brush (B)
iv) Lasso (L).

1.4 Analytical questions

1. What do you mean by Layers?

2. Describe about various Layers.
3. Write down the steps to create new Layers.
4. How can you merge Layers from one image to another image?

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Lesson 2 : Working with Filters

2.1. Learning Objectives

On completion of this lesson you will be able to describe:

♦ Creating & discovering filters.

♦ Creating smart filters.

2.2. Introduction

Filters
Filters are defined by their slope, which determines the
attenuation of signals outside the ‘pass’ band. Filters are used for
‘corrective’ equalization, as opposed to creative equalization. They
are used to clean up a signal, rather than to shape the sound
creatively.
Classification of Filters

Photoshop offers a variety of filters. Although there are no hard

and fast rules, most digital-imaging folks classify filters into four
basic categories, corrective and destructive.
Corrective filters
Corrective filters usually fix some kind of image problem. They
adjust color, improve focus, remove dust or artifacts, and so on.
Don’t get us wrong — pixels are still modified. Two of the most
popular corrective filters are Sharpen and Blur.

Destructive filters
Destructive filters are used to create some kind of special effect.
Pixels are also modified, but the image may look quite a bit
different from its original. These kinds of filters create effects, such
as textures, brush strokes, mosaics, lights, and clouds. They can
also distort an image with waves, spheres, and ripples.

One-step filters
One-step filters have no options and no dialog boxes; select the
filter and watch the magic happen.

Multistep filters
Multistep filters act almost like mini-applications. A multistep filter
appears on the menu with an ellipsis following its name, indicating
that a dialog box opens when you choose the command.

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Smart Filters
A Filter /smart Filter is simply one of the Photoshop filters applied
to Object layer. Filters are usually destructive—that is, any effect
applied to a layer becomes more difficult to remove.

2.3 Practices on Using Filters

Step1. Choose Filter > Sharpen > Smart Sharpen. The Smart
Sharpen dialog box appears. Change the Amount value to 200
percent and the Radius to 1.0; then press OK. A dramatic sharpen
effect is applied.
Step 2. Smart Sharpen filter effect. You will now examine how
they work.
Step 3. Click on the Visibility icon to Smart Sharpen filter effect.
This turns the Smart Sharpen filter off and allows you to view the
original image.

Clicking on the visibility icon toggles a filter effect on and off

Step 4. Choose Filter > Blur > Motion Blur. Click and drag the
Motion Blur dialogue box. In the Motion Blur window, type 50 in
the Distance text field. This creates a blur of 50 pixels in both
directions.
Step 5. Click on the right side of the angle dial, and then click and
drag counter-clockwise until the angle value is approximately -65
degrees; then press OK.

Apply a motion blur to the layer. Two smart filters are applied to
the same layer.
Step 6. Click on the Visibility icon. The Smart Sharpen effect is
still active.
Step 7. Click the white thumbnail to the left of the Smart Filters
label.

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Step 8. Select Soft Round brush preset, and use the slider to
change the Size value to approximately 45. Click on the Options
bar to make the Brush Preset picker disappear.

Select the Soft Round brush and change the size to 45.
Step 9. Press D to revert the foreground and background colors
back to the default of black and white. Press ‘X’ on your keyboard
to swap the foreground and background colors.

Step 10. Place brush at the top of the butterfly, and begin painting
from left to right and then downward.

Step 11. Continue painting downward until only the bottom half
of the butterfly is blurred Press the letter ‘X’ on your keyboard to
swap the foreground color to white.

Paint on the butterfly. Resulting mask.

Step 12. Press X to set black as the foreground color, and then
paint the mask to hide virtually all the filter effect at the top part of
the image. There are also areas at the bottom right that you will
want to hide.

Butterfly 4 layers at this point.

Destructive Filters
Destructive filters are used to create some kind of special effect.
Pixels are also modified, but the image may look quite a bit
different from its original. These kinds of filters create effects, such
as textures, brush strokes, mosaics, lights, and clouds. They can
also distort an image with waves, spheres, and ripples.

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Stylize Filters
The Stylize filters produce a painted or impressionistic effect on a
selection by displacing pixels and by finding and heightening
contrast in an image. After using filters like Find Edges and Trace
Contour that highlight edges, you can apply the Invert command
to outline the edges of a color image with colored lines or to
outline the edges of a grayscale image with white lines.
High Pass Filters
The method of sharpening images remains not only highly
effective but also much easier to use than either of those
sharpening filters, and that’s by using Photoshop’s High Pass
filter. With the High Pass filter, you can often get better results
than either of the sharpening filters can give you without fumbling
around with confusing options.

2.4 Practice on Using High Pass Filters

Duplicate the Background Layer Using High Pass Filters
Step 1. First we need to duplicate the Background layer using
Ctrl+J. Which Photoshop automatically names “Layer 1″, above

Press “Ctrl+J” (Win) / “Command” (Mac) to duplicate the

Background layer.
Step 2. Next, we need to change the blend mode of the duplicate
layer from “Normal” to “Overlay”. No sharpening will be applied to
any of those areas.

Change the blend mode of the duplicate layer from “Normal” to

“Overlay”.
Your image will now appear to have way too much contrast, as we
can see here with mine

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Changing the blend mode to “Overlay” causes the image to

appear with too much contrast.

Step 3. Now blend mode set to Overlay, that helps to preview of

what we’re doing? Using Filter menu choose High Pass. This
brings up the High Pass filter dialog box

Go to Filter > Other > High Pass to bring up the “High Pass” dialog
box.

Step 4. Set Radius value 2.0. Drag towards the right, adding more
sharpening, and left, reducing the sharpening. Then Press Ok.
Here’s my image after sharpening it with a radius value of 2.0
pixels

The image after sharpening it with the High Pass filter set to a
Radius value of 1.2 pixels.

Step 5. Save your work for next use.

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ACTIVITY

CHECK YOUR PROGRESS

2.5 State whether the following statements are true or false.

1. Non-destructive filters create effects, such as textures, brush

strokes, mosaics, lights and clouds.
2. Filters are used for ‘corrective’ equalization as opposed to
creative equalization.
3. Smart Objects enable non-destructive scaling, rotating, and
warping.
4. Active Smart Sharpen effect click on the ‘visibility’ icon to the
left of the Motion Blur effect.

2.6 Multiple Choice questions

a. Reduce luminous noise and color used ----- noise filter.

i) Reduce
ii) Dust
iii) Median
iv) Avoiding.

b. Modification changed permanently by using ------ filters.

i) Corrective
ii) Destructive
iii) Non-destructive
iv) Duds.

2.7 Analytical questions

1. What do you mean by filters?

2. Describe the classification of filters.
3. Write down the steps for using stylizes filters.
4. Mention some uses of noise filters to reduce noise of images.

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Lesson 3 : Color Mapping Tools

3.1. Learning Objectives

On completion of this lesson you will be able to describe:

♦ Adjusting color using color gradient.

♦ Coloring images using eyedropper tools.
♦ Mapping and adjusting various images colors.

3.2. Introduction

Gradient Tools
The Gradient tool can create straight-line, radial, angle, reflected,
and diamond blends. Select the type of gradient from the Options
bar across the top of the Photoshop work area. If you want to drag
a straight gradient line, hold down the Shift key while dragging to
constrain the gradient to a 0-degree, 45-degree, or 90-degree
angle.

3.3 Practice on Using Gradient Tools

By applying a gradient to the mask, you can blend the Black &
White effect into a color image.
Step 1. Press ‘D’, back to the default foreground and background
colors of black and white.
Step 2. Click once on the Black & White adjustment layer mask
thumbnail to select it.
Step 3. By typing ‘0’, you are assigning 100 percent opacity to the
gradient.
Step 4. Click and drag to the right side of image. A gradient is
created in the same direction. Release Gradient tool to adjust
original color of image. Your foreground and background colors
could be reversed. Press ‘X’ to reverse your colors and try again.
Step 5. Choose File > Save. Keep the file open for the next part of
this lesson.
3.4 Eyedropper tools
The Eyedropper tool is used for sampling color from an image.
This color can be used for painting, or for use with text color. In
this section, you will sample a color from another image to colorize
the boy’s
Face. You can access the Eyedropper tool while you have the
Brush tool selected by pressing the Alt or option Keys. When you
release the Alt/Option key, you are returned to the Brush tool.

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3.5 Practice on Using Eyedropper tools

The Eyedropper tool is used for sampling color from an image. To
affect this action follow the steps
Step 1. Open desired files.
Step 2. Select Window > Arrange > 2-up Vertical to see both
images.
Step 3. Click on the title bar for the image to bring that image
forward.

Images tiled vertically.

Step 4. Choose the Eyedropper tool and position it over the boy’s
face. Click once on his left cheek. The color is selected as the
foreground color in the Tools panel.
Step 5. Select the Brush tool, then using the Options bar, make
sure that Color is selected from the Mode drop-down menu and
that the Opacity slider is set at 15 percent.
Step 6. Cursor over the image to see the brush radius size. Press
the right bracket key several times until the brush is 150 pixels
wide. You can see the size reflected in the Options bar.
Step 7. Click on the title bar with the Brush tool selected, paint the
boy’s face with the color you just sampled. Paint without releasing
the mouse to give the face a good coverage of color.
Step 8. Opacity setting of 15% that you can build up the skin tone
color by painting over areas again.

Add a light tint of skin color to the image.

Step 9. Press the [ (left bracket) key until the brush size is about
60 pixels.

Step 10. Paint brush over one of the boy’s eyes in the gray scale
image and click to paint it blue. Repeat this with the other eye.

Step 11. Choose File > Save.

3.6 Making color changes using adjustment layers
Follow these steps to making color changes using adjustment
layers

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Step 1. Choose File > Browse in Bridge to open desired file.

Step 2. Choose File > Save As. Save with different name for
adjusts color.

Original image. Solid color adjustment. Pattern adjustment.

Step 3.Select the Quick Selection tool ( ), then click and drag on
the jacket. If your selection goes too far, hold down the Alt key and
click on the part of the selection that you want to deactivate. You
can also increase or decrease your tool size by pressing the [ or ]
keys.

Paint the jacket with the Quick Selection tool to make a selection.
Step 4.If the Layers panel is not visible, choose Window > Layers.

Step5.Select Hue/Saturation. By changing the hue, you can

essentially change the color of an object.

Step 6.Type 70 in the Hue text field. In the next step, saturation
down a bit so the green you are creating is less bright.

Step 7.Click and drag Saturation slider to left about the 20 point,
or type 20 into the Saturation text field.

Change the color and saturation using the Hue/Saturation

sliders.
The jacket is now green, but your selection might not be as
accurate as you would like.

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Step 8.Choose File > Save. If the Format Options dialog box
appears, press OK.

ACTIVITY

CHECK YOUR PROGRESS

3.7 State whether the following statements are true or false.

1. Use the same adjustment layer, change the color multiple

times.
2. A gradient is created in the same direction and angle as the
line you draw.
3. Click and drag the Saturation slider to the left about 50 point.

3.8 Multiple Choice questions

a. Color gradient map is applied for ----.

i) Creating layers
ii) Deleting layers
iii) Adjusting layers
iv) Combining layers.

b. Destructive filters are used

i) to create special effect

ii) to change object color
iii) to repeat object
iv) to create object.

c. Which is the tools used for sampling color from an image?

i) Brush tools
ii) Destructive tools
iii) Non-destructive tools
iv) Eyedropper tools.

3.9 Analytical questions

1. What is called gradients?

2. Describe the process of changing color Eyedropper tools.
3. Write down the steps of changing color using adjustment layers.

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Lesson 4 : Working with Color Adjusting

and Color Adjusting Tools
4.1. Learning Objectives

On completion of this lesson you will be able to describe:

♦ Adjusting color using Pencil Tools.

♦ Coloring Images using custom shape tools.
♦ Practicing with bevel emboss tools.

4.2. Introduction

Color Adjusting
Changing the color of an object is a pretty common practice. What
if you want to see three or four different variations? All these tasks
can be completed easily and efficiently, using adjustment layers.
In this section, you’ll change the color of a jacket on a model, and
then, using the same adjustment layer, change it again, multiple
times.
Practices on Using Color Adjusting
Adjusting Color of Image Using Color Adjusting Tools to follow the
steps

Step 1. Open desired file if it is not already open.

Step 2. Choose Layer ⇒ New Fill Layer ⇒ Solid Color. Type

Green as the name in the New Layer dialog box and click OK.

Step 3. Drag the slider labeled this Layer to the left until the value
reads 190. Click OK.

Figure 1. Using a Blend If slider to mix the Base layer with the
color fill layer.
Hue/Saturation. Open the Adjustments panel. Drag the Hue slider
to 240, Saturation to 43, and Lightness to +33.

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Step 4. Choose Layer ⇒ New Adjustment Layer ⇒

Figure 2. Configuring a Hue/Saturation adjustment layer.

Step 5. The Hue/Saturation 1 layer becomes indented and the

Base layer becomes underlined, indicating that they are part of a
clipping group. The Base layer clips the effect of the indented
adjustment layer.

Figure 3. Making an adjustment clip to a layer.

Step 6. Click the Add Effect Layer icon. Select Smudge Stick in
the Artistic category. Set Stroke Length to 5, Highlight Area to 6,
and Intensity to 4. Click OK.

Figure 4. Creating another effect layer in the Filter Gallery.

Step 7. Change the blend mode of the Base layer to Linear Dodge
(Add). The water gets much more punch with this blend mode.

Figure 5 markedly different texture created by varying smart filters

and adjustment layer parameters.
Step 8. Save your work as Texture-Final.psd.

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4.2 Color Adjustments Panel

Photoshop introduces a new Panel to make our lives easier.
Adjustments are a quick and accurate way to edit any picture or
image by simply clicking on one of the Adjustment options shown
on it.

You will be able to edit the colors, saturation, levels, and

channels, mix colors, add gradients and whatnot from a single
interface. You’ll be able to easily change the adjustment settings,
hide/show a specific adjustment layer, quickly add clipping masks
in order to apply an Adjustment to a single layer or several layers
depending on your needs, and much more.

4.3 Setting Brightness and Contrast

The first in line is the Brightness and Contrast adjustment. This is
one of the simplest adjustments and yet very powerful. You can
add it by clicking on the Brightness and Contrast icon on the
Adjustments Panel.
You can simply edit the tonal range of an image in a very smart
way. See the examples below, just move the sliders to adjust your
desired settings. If you check the Use Legacy box, Photoshop will
only increase/decrease each pixel’s brightness value, that’s why it
isn’t recommended.

4.4 Eraser Tools

Photoshop has three specialized erasing tools the Eraser,
Background Eraser, and Magic Eraser. The Eraser paints with the
background color; the Background Eraser allows you erase pixels
themselves, and the Magic Eraser works like the Paint Bucket tool
in reverse, and removing pixels within a bounded area.

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The Eraser tool has three different modes—you can erase using
the pencil, brush, or fixed-size block.

4.4.1 Practice with simple Eraser Tool

Step 1. Open your desired file in Photoshop view.

Step 2. Zoom into desired areas. Press I to select the Eyedropper
tool. Hold down Opt and click on the brown background to sample
it as the background color.
Step 3. Press E to select the Eraser tool. Select Brush from
options bar. Block mode is best used in conjunction with the Shift
key to precisely erase rows and/or columns of pixels.
Step 4. Paint over any paint that bleeds into the background and
the pixels will be replaced with the background color (Figure-5).

Figure 5: Erasing to the background color.

Step 5. Save your work for next use.

4.4.2 Practice with background Eraser Tool
Step 1. Open your desired file in Photoshop view.
Step 2. Press Shift+E to select the Background Eraser tool. Set
Tolerance at its minimum value of 1% and deselect Protect
Foreground.
Step 3. Starting over the background color on one side of the
sketch, make a swipe across the building until you reach the
background. Pixels are removed continuously.
Step 4. Make a second swipe across the building and Background
Eraser is set to sample to remove Background pixel.
Step 5. Click the top of the building to sample its color. Press X to
exchange foreground and background colors. Make a third swipe
across the building. Only the roof pixels are removed because
they match the background color.

Figure-6: Testing the Background Eraser.

Step 6. Save your work for next use.

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4.4.3 Practice with Magic Eraser Tool

Step 1. Open your desired file in Photoshop view.
Step 2. Press Shift+E to select the Magic Eraser tool. Set
Tolerance at 30% and select Anti-Alias. Click once on the dark-
brown background. It disappears—but so too do some of the
darker pylon roofs because they were a similar dark-brown color.
Step 3. Press Cmd+Z to undo.
Step 4. Set Tolerance at 10% and click on the dark-brown
background. Most of the pylon roof remains this time, but if you
look closely, you’ll see some missing pixels inside the structure
where the pixels were similar in color to the background.
Step 5. Press Cmd+Z again to undo.
Step 6. Select Contiguous on the options bar and click again on
the dark-brown background. This time, only background pixels
were removed. Dark brown pixels inside the building were left
alone because they are not contiguous with the background.
Step 7. Close the document without saving by pressing Cmd+W
and then press N for No when asked to confirm your action.
Step 8. Save your work for next use.
4.5 Custom Shape tools
Custom Shapes means a shape which is created by users. With
Custom Shapes, you can do much more with vector graphics than
you could before. Once you have made a path into a Custom
Shape, you can, with a click-drag of the mouse, create a new copy
of that shape, in any size, color, or layer style you want, anytime
and anywhere. Let's have a look.

4.6 Practice on Using Bevel and Emboss Tools Selection

Techniques to Image Layers
Performing the following steps to change the appearance and
Shading of images on layers
4.6.1 Change the Appearance
Step 1.Click on Bevel and Emboss from Layer Style dialog box.
The Bevel and Emboss effect is applied, and the options appear
on the right.
Step 2.From the Style drop-down menu, choose Emboss.
You can experiment with many bevel and embossing styles. You
can change the Technique to be Smooth, Chisel Hard, or Chisel
Soft, or even direct the embossing to go down or up, using the
Direction radio buttons. Experiment with these options; no
particular settings are needed for this exercise.
4.6.2 Change the shading using Bevel and Emboss Tools
Change the shading
Step 1.Select shading options. Shading dialog box appear. Set
angle is 30 and checked global light.

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Click and drag inside the circle to change the direction of the light
source.
Step 2.Click and hold to select Normal from the Highlight Mode
blending drop-down menu.
Step 3.Now, click on the white box to the right of Highlight Mode.
This opens the Select highlight color picker and allows you to
sample a color from your image, or create your own highlight color
using the Color Picker. Choose any yellow-gold color; in this
example, an RGB value of R 215, G 155, B 12 is used. Press OK.

Set a highlight color. Set a shadow color. The resulting bevel and
emboss.

Step 4. Press OK to close the Color Picker. Keep the Layer Style
dialog box open for the final step in this project.

4.7 Practice on using color range to change the background

Follow the steps to complete the job
Step 1.Open desired file.

Step 2.Select the whole lot using the Magic Wand tool, but the
difficulty comes when you need the detailed selection around the
hair.

Plain Background

Step 3.Go to Select>Color Range. Color Range dialogue box

displayed on the right. Select the centre eyedropper icon which

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has a + by it and adds to the selected colors. Click on the

background area in the preview window. Certain parts will turn
white.

Applying color range dialog box

Step 4.Notice how accurate the selection is around the wispy hair
but also that some of the finer strands of hair are not selected.
Using the lasso tool set to minus draw around any areas on the
model that should not be selected and these will be removed from
the edge selection. Save this selection - Select>Save Selection
and call it "hair".

Select accurate positions

Step 5.Go to Layer>New Adjustment Layer>Hue/saturation. Now

you adjust the background color. Adjusting hue changes the color,
adjusting saturation changes the vividness of color and adjusting
the lightness makes the overall tone lighter or darker

Step 6.To make the new Adjustment layer I first went to

Select>Load selection. I then went to select>inverse (Ctrl+Shift+I).
I choose Hue/saturation for the Adjustment layer again and played
around with the sliders increasing saturation to bring out the skin
tones and red in the lips.

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Step 7.The selections you make for the adjustment layers can be
as local as just the eyes or lips and many color changes can be
made to very specific areas. You can start using adjustment layers
to hand color black & white photos too.

4.8 Share layers

When you share a layer across pages or states, you can update
an object on a layer and it is updated in all pages or states. Share
layers when you want objects such as background elements to
appear on all pages of a website or all states of an animation

4.8.1 Share the selected layer across states

Do one of the following

• From the Layers panel Options menu or pop-up menu,
select Share Layer To States.
• Select New Layer from the Layers panel Options menu or
pop-up menu, and select Share Across States.
The layer shared across states appears with a film icon against it
in the Layers panel.

4.8.2 Share the selected layer across pages

From the Layers panel Options menu or pop-up menu, select

Share Layer to Pages. The layer shared across pages appears
with a page icon against it in the Layers panel.

4.8.3 Disable the sharing of a layer

1. Select the shared layer and deselect Share across States

from the Layers panel Options menu or pop-up menu.
2. Specify how to copy objects to states
o Retain the contents of the shared layer in the
current state only.
o Copy the contents of the shared layer to all states.

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ACTIVITY

CHECK YOUR PROGRESS

4.9 Write the common steps to draw a frame using Custom

Shape Tools presets.

----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
------------------------

----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
------------------------

----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
------------------------

4.10 Multiple Choice questions

a. Which one is the command used to select background with

Eraser tool?

i) Cmd+P
ii) Cmd+Z
iii) Crt +Z
iv) Shit+E.

b. Which is the tool used to move the layers?

i) Brush
ii) Pen
iii) Move
iv) Gradient.

c. Which is need to select for changing shading using?

i) Picking
ii) Lying
iii) Shading
iv) Merging.

4.11 Analytical questions

1. What do you mean by color and color adjusting?

2. Describe adjustment panel and panel overview.
3. Write down the steps of Magic Eraser tools.
4. How can you use Bevel Emboss to create shading?

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Lesson 5 : Projects on Adobe Photoshop

5.1. Learning Objectives

On completion of this lesson you will be able to learn:

♦ Designing complete project on Shopping Bag.

♦ Designing complete project on Billboard.
♦ Designing complete project on Cover page card.

5.2. Introduction

5.1 Projects on Designing Shopping Bag

To Designing Shopping bags complete the following steps
Step 1. First Open New Document of Custom Size, Height &
Width 450×450 pxl, Resolution 72.

Step 2.Open New Layer & then create the following selection with
the help of ‘Pen Tool’.

Step 3.Set New Selection & then ok & your image should look like
as shown below.

Step 4. Now Open New Layer this layer should below previous
Layer & then create the following selection with the help of ‘Pen
Tool’ from the above figure.
Step 5. Now fill the selection with same color & then select ‘Burn
Tool’ & create the following shading & after that create the
following selection with the help of ‘Pen Tool’ from the figure.

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Fig-1 Fig-2
Step 6. Now create the following shading with the help of “Burn
Tool”
Step 7.Open New Layer& then create the following selection with
‘Pen Tool’ from Fig-1.
Step 8. Open New Layer & create the following shape with the
help of ‘Pen Tool’ right click select “Stroke Path” from Fig-2.

Fig-1 Fig-2
Step 9. In Stroke Path select ‘Brush’ & then ok & create the
shading with the help of Burn Tool & after that Open New Layer &
create the following selection with the help of ‘Elliptical Marquee
Tool’ with hold Shift

Step 10. Now fill Drop Shadow & use the following settings
Technique.

Step 11. Now select Inner Shadow & use the following settings
Technique.

Step 12. Now your image should look like as shown below

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Step 13. Final Project Output. I hope this is a good Project that
you can use these Photoshop Techniques in your Graphics
Design.

5.3 Project on Designing Billboard

5.3.1 Introduction
It is usually consumer and trade print projects, enjoy the challenge
of designing billboards and trade show designs. After all, most
college Profs teach students the basic principles for properly
creating files for small scale print output. Such as how to create hi-
resolution imagery; the proper process for creating plates, working
with Pantone colors and special techniques; and the proper way to
use Adobe In Design to create multiple page projects.

5.3.2 How important is hi-resolution imagery, for projects to

feet in width and height?

Hi-resolution imagery is important for our industry. Most printers

request the resolution to be, at full size, 300dpi. However, for
large-scale projects this is not necessarily the case. It is
impossible to find images that are 300dpi in feet. It is not
necessary to have 300dpi images for these types of projects. The
distance at which you are viewing a hand-held print piece is quite
different than viewing a large scale billboard or trade show design.

5.3.3 What size imagery is necessary?

Well, they still need to be rather large in file size, but most request
a file to be designed using anywhere from 100dpi-150dpi. This is
the case for any image that is created using the pixel based
design program. If you are creating artwork using the vector based
program, then you do not need to concern yourself with any dpi
whatsoever.

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5.3.4 Photo size selection

Click file - then Image - then Image Size - to open image size
dialogue box. Set Pixel dimensions at 120.8megs. Height and
width of Photo size and hi-resolution of image is 300dpi.

You can change the resolution to 100dpi. So now I have an image

that is 69" x 46" in size. Then you can check other check options.

5.3.5 Color mode selection

You must check with your printer for what mode they would like to
receive files in. But most require files in RGB mode. Also, special
techniques are not acceptable for large scale projects. Even
though these are printed projects, they not printed on traditional
offset printing presses, rather large format digital presses.

5.3.6 Proofing process for a large scale project

We are viewing a RGB file for CMYK printing, since these files are
created in RGB, reviewing a digital proof is acceptable. If you are
truly concerned with reviewing a digital proof, then you could
certainly request a print proof, they will provide a small print out on
the actual material it is going to be produced on. Remember to
plan ahead and check all the final specifications with the company
you are working with. It is necessary to consider these principles
in order to make your final projects both technically sound and
graphically interesting.

Making Billboard slides

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Adding Text to Billboard.

Insert Monogram to Billboard.

Final Product.

5.4 Project on Designing Cover page

To design a cover page do the following steps

Step 1. Click "File / New" and adjust the canvas size to width 25
percent and height 25 percent. Be sure that it is inches and not
pixels.

Step 2. Choose a color for your magazine cover background and

using your paint bucket tool on your toolbar, color your
background your desired color.

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Step 3. Add your magazine title at the top of your page in a large
font size using your text tool on your toolbar.
Step 4. Make sure that your title layer is selected in your layer
palette. Click "Layer," "Layer Style" and "Blending Options."
Step 5. Experiment with the different text effects until you get the
desired look for your title. When you are finished, click "OK."
Step 6. Choose an image and open it onto a separate canvas,
and then crop and resize it to fit your magazine cover. Remove
the background from the image using the eraser tool or the magic
wand tool.
Step 7. Select the image and then click "Edit" and "Copy." Paste
the image onto your magazine cover.
Step 8. Add the text to your main cover story on one side of the
image. Use a text smaller than your title text but larger than the
rest of the text that will be on your magazine cover.
Step 9. Put a few more stories in smaller text around the image.
Continue adding other story titles on your cover in different colors,
sizes and fonts.
Step 10. Save your file and publish online or print it out

5.5 Print an Image with color separation

Image printing in adobe Photoshop is common practice. Printing
an image and projects using color separation is most important
and effective task in adobe Photoshop. The procedures and
techniques to print an Image with color separation are briefly
describing below.
5.5.1 Color Separation
Color Separation is the process of converting an image, such as
photograph, into a set of colors that can be printed. Color
separations for screen printing can be made using Adobe
Photoshop.

Images are converted from RGB to spot colors for screen printing.
This is often the RGB color mode, which is a common mode for
digital cameras and computer monitors. The RGB mode is based
on the blending of Red, Green and Blue light. To screen print an
image, the colors must be converted to a combination, or mode,

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compatible with screen printing. The resulting set of colors is

called a Color Separation.

5.5.2 Color separation types

Color separations for garment printing are generally divided into 3

types
• Process color
• Simulated process
• Spot color

5.5.3 Customized Color Separations

A color separation may use combination of these three separation

styles, depending on the press and design requirements. For
instance, a process color separation will often benefit from the
addition of a spot color to increase the color range. A simulated
process print may also include a process color or a custom spot
color as needed. In practice, customized color separations are
often used due to different printer/design requirements.

A customized process separation using a spot red and a highlight

white

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ACTIVITY

CHECK YOUR PROGRESS

5.6 Write the common steps and select settings to design a

cover page.
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5.7 State whether the following statements are true or false.

1. Burn Tool is used to create the lightening of layers.

2. One of the most popular and easiest scripts is available called
Calendar Wizard.
3. Working on projects that are usually not consumer and trade
print projects.

5.8 Multiple Choice questions

a. What is the right date range of Calendaring adobe Photoshop?

i) January - June
ii) January - July
iii) January - December
iv) July - December

b. Add text to Calendar the script use --- in adobe Photoshop.

i) Glyph
ii) Layers
iii) Text frame
iv) Color frame

c. Which is the standard size of a Cover page?

i) A4
ii) B4
iii) C4
iv) D4

5.9 Analytical questions

1. What do you mean by Billboard?

2. Describe the project design technique.
3. Describe printing technology of project.

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