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Geological Formations of Groundwater

Geological formations can be categorized based on their ability to store and transmit groundwater. An aquifer is a formation that stores and transmits water at a rate that allows for economically viable pumping. It can be confined, with an impermeable layer above it, or unconfined, with a water table as its upper boundary. An aquitard stores water but transmits it too slowly to be used for pumping. It is partially permeable. An aquiclude and aquifuge are essentially impermeable - an aquiclude stores water but does not transmit it, while an aquifuge cannot store or transmit water.

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693 views1 page

Geological Formations of Groundwater

Geological formations can be categorized based on their ability to store and transmit groundwater. An aquifer is a formation that stores and transmits water at a rate that allows for economically viable pumping. It can be confined, with an impermeable layer above it, or unconfined, with a water table as its upper boundary. An aquitard stores water but transmits it too slowly to be used for pumping. It is partially permeable. An aquiclude and aquifuge are essentially impermeable - an aquiclude stores water but does not transmit it, while an aquifuge cannot store or transmit water.

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RENZ TONGCO UBALDE
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Geological Formations of Groundwater

based on decreasing economic attractiveness of pumping

1. AQUIFER

 aquifer geologic formation which contains water and transmits it at a rate sufficient to
be economically developed for pumping artificially developed well
a. confined aquifer

aquifer where groundwater is confined or overlain by a relatively impermeable layer

b. unconfined aquifer
aquifer which has water table serving as upper surface of the zone of saturation

Reference: PAES 601:2016 General Irrigation Terminologies

2. AQUICLUDE

 impermeable
 contains a large amount of water in it but it does not permit water through it
and also does not yield water. It is because of its high porosity.
 Example: Clay

3. AQUITARD

 saturated formation
 permits the water through it but does not yield water in sufficient quantity as much as
aquifer does
 partly permeable
 Example: Sandy Clay

4. AQUIFUGE

 impermeable
 neither porous nor permeable
 it cannot store water in it and at the same time it cannot permit water
through it
 Example: Compact Rock

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