FMR-TRL Map
FMR-TRL Map
Financial Management Regulation DoD Defense Acquisition Guidebook
Volume 2B, Chapter 5, RDT&E Appropriations Technology Readiness Level
Budget Activity 7, Operational System Development. This budget activity includes development efforts to upgrade
6.7 systems that have been fielded or have received approval for full rate production. Programs in this category involve systems TRL 9: Actual system proven through successful mission operations.
Actual application of the technology in its final form and under mission conditions,
that have received approval for Low Rate Initial Production (LRIP).
TRL 9 such as those encountered in operational test and evaluation. Examples include
Budget Activity 6, RDT&E Management Support. This budget activity includes management support for research, using the system under operational mission conditions.
6.6 development, test, and evaluation efforts and funds to sustain and/or modernize the installations or operations required for
general research, development, test, and evaluation. 6.5 6.7
Budget Activity 5, System Development and Demonstration (SDD). System Development and Demonstration (SDD)
TRL 8: Actual system completed and qualified through test and
6.5 programs have passed Milestone B approval and are conducting engineering and manufacturing development tasks aimed at TRL 8
demonstration. Technology has been proven to work in its final form and under
expected conditions. In almost all cases, this TRL represents the end of true system
meeting validated requirements prior to full‐rate production.
development. Examples include developmental test and evaluation of the system in
Budget Activity 4, Advanced Component Development and Prototypes (ACD&P). Efforts necessary to evaluate
its intended weapon system to determine if it meets design specifications.
integrated technologies, representative modes or prototype systems in a high fidelity and realistic operating environment are
funded in this budget activity. The ACD&P phase includes system specific efforts that help expedite technology transition from
TRL 7: System prototype demonstration in an operational
the laboratory to operational use. Emphasis is on proving component and subsystem maturity prior to integration in major and
6.4 complex systems and may involve risk reduction initiatives. Program elements in this category involve efforts prior to Milestone environment. Prototype near, or at, planned operational system. Represents a
B and are referred to as advanced component development activities and include technology demonstrations. Completion of TRL 7 major step up from TRL 6, requiring demonstration of an actual system prototype in
Technology Readiness Levels 6 and 7 should be achieved for major programs. Program control is exercised at the program and an operational environment such as an aircraft, vehicle, or space. Examples include
project level. A logical progression of program phases & development and/or production funding must be evident in the FYDP. testing the prototype in a test bed aircraft.
6.4
Budget Activity 3, Advanced Technology Development (ATD). This budget activity includes development of subsystems TRL 6: System/subsystem model or prototype demonstration in a
and components and efforts to integrate subsystems and components into system prototypes for field experiments and/or tests relevant environment. Representative model or prototype system, which is well
in a simulated environment. ATD includes concept and technology demonstrations of components and subsystems or system TRL 6 beyond that of TRL 5, is tested in a relevant environment. Represents a major step up
models. The models may be form, fit and function prototypes or scaled models that serve the same demonstration purpose. in a technology's demonstrated readiness. Examples include testing a prototype in a
The results of this type of effort are proof of technological feasibility and assessment of subsystem and component operability high‐fidelity laboratory environment or in simulated operational environment.
and producibility rather than the development of hardware for service use. Projects in this category have a direct relevance to
6.3 identified military needs. Advanced Technology Development demonstrates the general military utility or cost reduction
potential of technology when applied to different types of military equipment or techniques. Program elements in this category
TRL 5: Component and/or breadboard validation in relevant
involve pre‐Milestone B efforts, such as system concept demonstration, joint and Service‐specific experiments or Technology environment. Fidelity of breadboard technology increases significantly. The basic
Demonstrations and generally have Technology Readiness Levels of 4, 5, or 6. Projects in this category do not necessarily lead to 6.3 TRL 5 technological components are integrated with reasonably realistic supporting
subsequent development or procurement phases, but should have the goal of moving out of Science and Technology (S&T) and elements so it can be tested in a simulated environment. Examples include "high
into the acquisition process within the future years defense program (FYDP). Upon successful completion of projects that have fidelity" laboratory integration of components.
military utility, the technology should be available for transition.
TRL 4: Component and/or breadboard validation in laboratory
Budget Activity 2, Applied Research. Applied research is systematic study to understand the means to meet a recognized environment. Basic technological components are integrated to establish that
and specific need. It is a systematic expansion and application of knowledge to develop useful materials, devices, and systems 6.2 TRL 4 they will work together. This is relatively "low fidelity" compared to the eventual
or methods. It may be oriented, ultimately, toward the design, development, and improvement of prototypes and new system. Examples include integration of "ad hoc" hardware in the laboratory.
processes to meet general mission area requirements. Applied research may translate promising basic research into solutions
for broadly defined military needs, short of system development. This type of effort may vary from systematic mission‐directed
research beyond that in Budget Activity 1 to sophisticated breadboard hardware, study, programming and planning efforts that TRL 3: Analytical and experimental critical function and/or
6.2 establish the initial feasibility and practicality of proposed solutions to technological challenges. It includes studies, characteristic proof of concept. Active research and development is initiated.
investigations, and non‐system specific technology efforts. The dominant characteristic is that applied research is directed
toward general military needs with a view toward developing and evaluating the feasibility and practicality of proposed
TRL 3 This includes analytical studies and laboratory studies to physically validate analytical
predictions of separate elements of the technology. Examples include components
solutions and determining their parameters. Applied Research precedes system specific technology investigations or
development. Program control of the Applied Research program element is normally exercised by general level of effort. that are not yet integrated or representative.
Program elements in this category involve pre‐Milestone B efforts, also known as Concept and Technology Development phase
tasks, such as concept exploration efforts and paper studies of alternative concepts for meeting a mission need. TRL 2: Technology concept and/or application formulated. Invention
begins. Once basic principles are observed, practical applications can be invented.
Budget Activity 1, Basic Research. Basic research is systematic study directed toward greater knowledge or understanding
TRL 2 Applications are speculative and there may be no proof or detailed analysis to
of the fundamental aspects of phenomena and of observable facts without specific applications towards processes or products support the assumptions. Examples are limited to analytic studies.
in mind. It includes all scientific study and experimentation directed toward increasing fundamental knowledge and
understanding in those fields of the physical, engineering, environmental, and life sciences related to long‐term national 6.1
6.1 security needs. It is farsighted high payoff research that provides the basis for technological progress. Basic research may lead
to: (a) subsequent applied research and advanced technology developments in Defense‐related technologies, and (b) new and
TRL 1: Basic principles observed and reported. Lowest level of technology
readiness. Scientific research begins to be translated into applied research and
improved military functional capabilities in areas such as communications, detection, tracking, surveillance, propulsion, TRL 1 development. Examples might include paper studies of a technology's basic
mobility, guidance and control, navigation, energy conversion, materials and structures, and personnel support. Program
properties.
elements in this category involve preMilestone A efforts.