1.

Project Organizational Structure

It is a structure that is designed to create and deliver projects on a particular

project as it has its similarity with ad hoc organization as it is done or formed only to
finish a particular project or task. This can project organization is quite flexible in terms
of its resources as it assigns and ensures the qualified or best people for the task is
assigned to it, it is beneficial when certain situations occur in a period of time though if
projects that requires more manpower and difficult task could need more time for
planning to it. This procedure reduces workflow disruption and team member dispute
and optimizes productivity for all team members working on the project.

It has two examples which are Matrix and Functional Organizational structure

 Functional Organizational structure is basically having employees could have

one role or position but the task could be multiple tasks as to such it is best when
a company has several employees with similar roles and responsibilities to do.
 Matrix Organizational structure is similar to functional but it combines it with
project oriented org into one system. It is like employees could have more
responsibilities than their role due to their expertise or knowledge on another task
or responsibility.

2. Authority and Responsibilities of the Project Manager

Project managers are responsible for taking care and overseeing the project.
Project managers has multiple responsibilities they need to do not just monitoring and
overseeing the project as they also have to plan and develop the project by carefully
assigning each staff to their area of expertise to meet the requirements of the client,
creating and leading the team they guide the team to make the project successful,
monitor the projects progress and setting deadlines this is to ensure the project or task
is met with the client, resolving issue that may occur due to the fact that anything can
happen in a project managers should be able to adapt to it resolve the issue as much as
possible, manage the funds of the project as the materials and labor cost must not
exceed to its supposed limitation, ensure stakeholder satisfaction this is to keep the
higher ups updated and report if there are any issues in the timeline or project. Project
Managers have a set of skills needed to become a successful one which includes
critical thinking, adaptability, decisiveness, leadership, strategic thinking, time
management, communication and there are many more to consider but having this skill
said is enough to make a successful project. If a project manager has more
responsibility than authority, then they are a project administrator not a project manager
as they have no control over the budget and decisions for the project which a project
manager should have access to all departments in a team so that they can monitor and
supervise and decide certain things if it may occur. The authority is shared into sections
of certain departments where they are the managers of that department and is tasked to
 report the activities and progress of the employees handling and report it to the project
manager

3. Duties and Responsibilities of Other Key Field Personnel

 Site foreman - A position of highest managerial rank for places like building sites.
People in this position may guide, manage, and fix common problems that arise
on the job site thanks to their formal training, practical experience, and
knowledge of the industry.
 Field engineer – Performing research, supervising teams of employees on the
job site, assessing and installing new technology, and reporting on project status.
They will ensure that all systems operate properly and that engineering
specifications are being met.
 Field sales representative – A professional that builds relationships to the clients
follow up on leads, and maximize potential sales. Recognizing potential
customers and making sure that the client is satisfied and also looking more
ways to expand the company.
 Safety manager – Accountable for creating and carrying out health and safety
protocols and enforcing rules and assessing facilities that adhere to legal
requirements. They also provide training sessions, monitor, investigate accidents
or potential accidents and provide recommendation for improvement.
 Client site supervisor - Responsible for overseeing and training construction
employees, establishing team goals, resolving issues, and many other duties.
They also cooperate with safety managers since they also entail overseeing
health and safety, as they plan and look after all aspects until completion.
 Construction office manager – Responsible for development firms and doing
clerical tasks that includes filing organzing subcontractor, processing bills,
keeping databases updated, gathering expenditure information, hiring and
training staff, and supplying the office with supplies.
 Finance and Accounting – They calculate and keep track of all project finances.
They are responsible for creating the budgets for building projects, doing cost
evaluations, and examining purchase orders, invoices, and supplier agreements.

4. Construction Safety

The idea of construction safety is one that construction safety managers uphold
and implement. It is the outcome of careful equipment use, worker safety, frequent site
inspections, and risk assessments. Following local safety and health laws is a crucial
part of construction safety. The importance of having construction safety is that the
health and safety of workers onsite is ensured and secured as it is a way to avoid
accidents and damage because if it accidents occur the finance of the project is affected
 which will also affect the whole budget of the project which is also why having excess
budget is better so that if certain events occur there are still funds available to recover it.
Building trust among employees, construction safety managers, and corporate leaders
is a way emphasizing construction safety, as there are fewer misunderstandings and
conflicts as a consequence of the improved communication that results from this
increased degree of trust among workers. By ensuring construction safety the
productivity and efficiency is highly improve as the workers are in full trust that they are
safe while doing their jobs.

5. Construction Risk Management

Construction risk management is the process of assessing and putting policies in

place to lessen the effects of hazards in building projects. The creation of a risk
management strategy through this process of careful preparation enables project
managers to recognize, track, and reduce risks, this is to avoid any problems during the
construction. There are 5 construction project risk namely safety risk, financial risk,
environmental risk, legal risk and project risk.
 Safety risk – Even with skilled worker’s accidents still do happen as the workers
are one of the valuable resource in a construction project with it their safety must
be ensured so that it would cost their health is not in jeopardy also the time and
money for the project.
 Financial risk – Without budget or finance the project is doomed as you cannot
rent equipment or pay the labor of the construction workers in which this also
includes the cost of materials as well. By it, it’s important to identify the potential
risk of anything it might be so that cash flow or the budget stays as it was
intended to.
 Environmental risk – This includes the natural disasters that may occur during
construction as it is unexpected and that this could potentially affect the finance
of the project as materials and equipment could be damaged also the safety of
the workers is a top priority. If it happens and during planning, there should at
least be some precautionary measure to its occurrence as workers know what to
do.
 Legal risk – The limitations of time, money, and scope are only one aspect of
managing a construction project. Leal constraints such as regulations, code
breaches, and contract requirements, as well as disagreements with your clients,
vendors, and subcontractors, all of which have the ability to derail the project
 Project risk – This risk is basically not meeting the desired deadline of the project
as it is a universal project management risk. The risk here of materials not being
able to be transported on time or poor management of resources and time
schedule. In which of this occur the project manager must do their job and be
aware of the difficulties that may occur during the project.
Construction risk management also has a process:
 Identification – As the it is stated in the process of construction risk management
it is essential to identify what are the possible issues could arise. Upon identifying
the potential risk is should have deadline so that time and work is not adverted
from finishing the project as it also has a deadline to meet.
 Assessment – Using a risk assessment matrix, which shows the possibility of
each risk and the potential amount of its impact on your project, is one approach
to evaluate your list of hazards as it is a visual tool depicting potential risks
affecting a business.
 Mitigation – This were “in case it happens this is what we will do” kind of thing will
be done to reduce or avoid the risk that was identified. By doing so the highest
priority to focus on contingency plans are the most impactful out of all the risks
that was identified as it is to avoid great loss of resources and finance.
 Monitoring – It is ongoing as you make an effort to recognize these hazards as
they arise. Which it involves keeping an eye on the success of your mitigation
strategy. Additionally, stakeholders ought to be informed of these project risks
and should be consulted as they are the higher ups and the investors as well.
 Reporting – Analysis and dissemination of the construction risk management
strategy to the team and stakeholders are required as these reports on risk
reduction can be assess the contingency plan's efficiency.