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2-2 Resultant of Concurrent Forces - Rectangular Method

The document discusses rectangular components of forces. It explains that any force can be represented as two components at right angles, known as rectangular components. These components can be found mathematically using trigonometric functions. The rectangular component method is then used to find the resultant of concurrent forces by summing the horizontal and vertical components. Examples are provided to demonstrate finding individual components and using them to determine the overall resultant.

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71 views17 pages

2-2 Resultant of Concurrent Forces - Rectangular Method

The document discusses rectangular components of forces. It explains that any force can be represented as two components at right angles, known as rectangular components. These components can be found mathematically using trigonometric functions. The rectangular component method is then used to find the resultant of concurrent forces by summing the horizontal and vertical components. Examples are provided to demonstrate finding individual components and using them to determine the overall resultant.

Uploaded by

wajju007
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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ETG Statics – Fall 2022

Module 2.2

Resultant of concurrent
Forces in a Plane:
Rectangular Components

22
Dr. Mohamed Khalafalla Ahmed
COMPONENTS OF A FORCE VECTOR

•Two or more forces may be replaced by their resultant.


• By reversing the process, any force F can be replaced by any
number of forces whose resultant is F.
• Replacement forces are called components of the force F.

23
COMPONENTS OF A FORCE VECTOR

• Two components at right angles to each other, called


rectangular components are most useful.

Usually determined in the Also found in any two directions


horizontal & vertical direction. at right angles to each other.
24
COMPONENTS OF A FORCE VECTOR
• Rectangular components of a force vector may be found
mathematically by trigonometric functions.

From the definition of the cosine of an angle:

25
COMPONENTS OF A FORCE VECTOR
• Components Fx and Fy are considered positive or negative,
depending on whether they act in the positive or negative
direction of the x and y axes.

From the definition of


the cosine of an angle:

26
Examples and problems start on textbook
page 36.
Using trigonometry, find the horizontal and vertical components of the forces shown in Fig. (a).

Px = P cos = 14 cos55° = 8.03 N


Py = P sin = 14 sin55° = 11.47 N

Qx = -Q cos = -12.5 cos65° = -5.28 N


Qy = -Q sin = -12.5 sin65° = -11.33 N

27
Example: Determine the rectangular components of the forces shown previously with respect
to axes that form angles of 30° and 120° with the horizontal.

28
RESULTANT OF CONCURRENT FORCES
BY RECTANGULAR COMPONENTS
• The resultant of 3 or more concurrent forces may be found
graphically by the polygon of forces.
• The usual mathematical solution is based on the method
of rectangular components.

29
RESULTANT OF CONCURRENT FORCES
BY RECTANGULAR COMPONENTS
• To develop the rectangular component method, consider forces P
and Q, which act at point A and form angles 1 and  2 with the x
axis.

The x and y components of P and Q can be found


graphically by the method described in Sec. 2.5.
30
RESULTANT OF CONCURRENT FORCES
BY RECTANGULAR COMPONENTS

• They x and y components may also be found by equations, as


follows:

31
RESULTANT OF CONCURRENT FORCES
BY RECTANGULAR COMPONENTS

Because the components Px and Qx lie on


the x axis, they may be added algebraically to
find the resultant in the x direction, Rx.

ΣFx means the algebraic sum of


the x components of the forces.

The Greek capital letter Σ


(sigma) means the algebraic.

32
RESULTANT OF CONCURRENT FORCES
BY RECTANGULAR COMPONENTS

Adding resultants in the x and y directions, Rx


and Ry finds the resultant R of the force system.

Rectangular components
can be used to find the
resultant of any number
of forces, exactly, and in
a single step.

33
RESULTANT OF CONCURRENT FORCES
BY RECTANGULAR COMPONENTS

Magnitude/direction of the resultant can be found


from the Pythagorean theorem and the definition of
the tangent of the angle .

34
Example on
textbook page 39

35
For the concurrent force system shown in Fig. 2.17(a), find the resultant by the rectangular component method.

36
DIFFERENCE OF TWO FORCES:
VECTOR DIFFERENCES
• From the usual rules of algebra, we write:

• The force F when added to the force F has a resultant equal to


zero.
– Such a force must have the same magnitude as
force F and be directed in the opposite direction.

• It follows that force F1 may be subtracted from force F2 by


reversing F1, adding it to force F2 by any of the various
methods previously discussed.
37
Examples and problems start on textbook page 42.
For the concurrent force system shown, find R = F1 + F2 - F3 by the rectangular component
method.

38

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