Scribd
Upload
768 views14 pages

Lecture 3 GSA NOA Academy

The document proposes a new model for producing biofuel and summarizes different biofuel generations. It discusses that biofuels are fuels produced from biomass rather than geological processes. It then summarizes the four generations of biofuels, including their key features and drawbacks. For example, first generation biofuels use food crops but can increase food prices, while third generation biofuels use algae which do not compete with food or land. The document also outlines Pakistan's economic importance of biofuels and provides an overview of biofuel production methods and their advantages and disadvantages.

Uploaded by

Fazila um
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
768 views14 pages

Lecture 3 GSA NOA Academy

The document proposes a new model for producing biofuel and summarizes different biofuel generations. It discusses that biofuels are fuels produced from biomass rather than geological processes. It then summarizes the four generations of biofuels, including their key features and drawbacks. For example, first generation biofuels use food crops but can increase food prices, while third generation biofuels use algae which do not compete with food or land. The document also outlines Pakistan's economic importance of biofuels and provides an overview of biofuel production methods and their advantages and disadvantages.

Uploaded by

Fazila um
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 14

New Model Concept of

Producing Biofuel Method

Shahid Ali (PhD)


General Science CCS/PMS
Contents
Biofuel Background
Generations of biofuel
Advantages & Disadvantages
Introduction

A biofuel is a fuel that is produced


through contemporary biological
processes, such as agriculture and
anaerobic digestion, rather than a fuel
produced by geological processes such as
those involved in the formation of fossil
fuels, such as coal and petroleum. The
biofuels includes biodiesel(Methyl ester)
, biogas and bioethanol.
Biofuel is fuel that is derived from
biomass or algae and plant material
and animal waste. Since biomass is
replenishable, biofuel is a source of
renewable energy, unlike natural
forming fuels such as coal, natural gas,
and petroleum.
Around 100
Economic
Importance

million
barrels

36% of
consumption
per year in
Pakistan

Pakistan total
imports bill.
Generations of biofuels

First generation

Second generation

Third generation

Fourth generation
First generation biofuels

• First generation biofuels symbolize a step towards energy


independence and weaning off fossil fuels for energy
demands.
• This Technology utilizes food crops (Wheat and Sugar cane
for Bio-ethanol production) and Oil seeds/vegetable
oil/Recycled cooking oil for Bio diesel production.
• Drawbacks
• Food price increase (Fuel vs Food)
• Limited oils from restaurants
• Emission of CO2
Second generation biofuels

• Second generation biofuels address many issues associated with 1st


generation biofuels. They don’t compete between fuels and food crops since
they come from distinct biomass.
• Current technology utilizes nonfood crops such as wood, organic wastes, food
crop wastes and specific biomass crops.
• The technology is fairly immature, so it still has potential of cost reductions
and increased production efficiency as scientific advances occur.
• Drawbacks
• Land vs fuels
• Nutrient deficient soil and artificial fertilizers
Third Generation biofuels

• Third generation biofuels are more energy dense than 1st and 2nd generation
biofuels per area of harvest.
• They are cultured as low-cost, high-energy, and completely renewable sources of
energy.
• Algae are advantageous in that it can grow in areas unsuitable for 1st and 2nd
generation crops, which would relieve stress on water and arable land used.
• It can be grown using sewage, wastewater, and saltwater, such as oceans or salt
lakes.
• Because of this, there wouldn't be a need to use water that would otherwise be
used for human consumption.
Fourth Generation Biofuels

• This technology focuses on Producing sustainable energy & capturing


of CO2 and storing.
• Biomass material which have observed CO2 while growing are
converted into fuel using the same process as second-generation
biofuels
• Different from other technologies as this captures CO2.
• “Carbon negative technology”
Preparation of biofuel

• Filtration
• Removing of water
• Titration
• Preparation of sodium methoxide
• Heating and mixing
• Settling and separation
Advantages of biofuels

Various Advantages of Biofuels


•Efficient Fuel. Biofuel is made from renewable resources and
relatively less-flammable compared to fossil diesel.
•Cost-Benefit.
•Durability of Vehicles' Engine.
•Easy to Source.
•Renewable.
•Reduce Greenhouse Gases.
•Economic Security.
•Reduce Dependence on Foreign Oil.
Disadvantages of biofuels

Disadvantages of Biofuels
•High Cost of Production. Even with all the benefits associated with
biofuels, they are quite expensive to produce in the current market.
•Monoculture.
•Use of Fertilizers.
•Shortage of Food.
•Industrial Pollution.
•Water Use.
•Future Rise in Price.
•Changes in Land Use.
Thanks

You might also like

pFad - Phonifier reborn

Pfad - The Proxy pFad of © 2024 Garber Painting. All rights reserved.

Note: This service is not intended for secure transactions such as banking, social media, email, or purchasing. Use at your own risk. We assume no liability whatsoever for broken pages.


Alternative Proxies:

Alternative Proxy

pFad Proxy

pFad v3 Proxy

pFad v4 Proxy