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08 Inverse Laplace Transforms and Differential Equations

This document provides an introduction to inverse Laplace transforms and how they can be used to solve differential equations. It includes the definition of an inverse Laplace transform, examples of taking the inverse Laplace transform of simple functions, and an explanation of how taking the Laplace transform can turn a differential equation into an algebraic equation that can be more easily solved. The document then provides several practice problems involving using the Laplace transform to solve different types of initial value problems for differential equations.

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Dejan Martinović
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36 views6 pages

08 Inverse Laplace Transforms and Differential Equations

This document provides an introduction to inverse Laplace transforms and how they can be used to solve differential equations. It includes the definition of an inverse Laplace transform, examples of taking the inverse Laplace transform of simple functions, and an explanation of how taking the Laplace transform can turn a differential equation into an algebraic equation that can be more easily solved. The document then provides several practice problems involving using the Laplace transform to solve different types of initial value problems for differential equations.

Uploaded by

Dejan Martinović
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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MMD IFF E Q I NVERSE L APLACE T RANSFORMS AND D IFFERENTIAL E QUATIONS

NAME: DATE:

TABLE OF L APLACE T RANSFORMS

I NVERSE L APLACE T RANSFORMS

No two functions have the same Laplace transform. That means that the transform are invertible. In other words, we are able to
work out the original function if we know the transform.

For example, ½ ¾
1
L −1 = e at
s−a

L OOMIS C HAFFEE 2022-2023 PAGE 1 OF 6


MMD IFF E Q I NVERSE L APLACE T RANSFORMS AND D IFFERENTIAL E QUATIONS

1. Evaluate ½ ¾
1
L −1
s5

2. Evaluate ½ ¾
5
L −1 2
s + 49

3. Evaluate ½ ¾
−2s + 6
L −1
s2 + 4

4. Evaluate ½ ¾
4 6 1
L −1
+ −
s s6 s + 8

L OOMIS C HAFFEE 2022-2023 PAGE 2 OF 6


MMD IFF E Q I NVERSE L APLACE T RANSFORMS AND D IFFERENTIAL E QUATIONS

Laplace Transforms are useful for differential equations because they turn differential equations into algebraic equations.

Suppose that we want to solve the ODE u ′ (t ) = 3u(t ) with initial condition u(0) = 5. We can apply the Laplace Transform,
algebraically simplify the equation, and then apply the Inverse Laplace Transform, as indicated in the diagram below:

Example: Solve the ODE u ′′ (t ) + 4u ′ (t ) + 3u(t ) = 0 with initial conditions u(0) = 2 and u ′ (0) = 4.

L OOMIS C HAFFEE 2022-2023 PAGE 3 OF 6


MMD IFF E Q I NVERSE L APLACE T RANSFORMS AND D IFFERENTIAL E QUATIONS

5. Use the Laplace Transform to solve

dy
(a) dt + 3y = 13 sin(2t ) with y(0) = 6.

(b) 2u ′′ (t ) + 22u ′ (t ) + 36u(t ) = 0 with u(0) = 1 and u ′ (0) = 12.

L OOMIS C HAFFEE 2022-2023 PAGE 4 OF 6


MMD IFF E Q I NVERSE L APLACE T RANSFORMS AND D IFFERENTIAL E QUATIONS

p p
(c) y ′′ + y = 2 sin( 2t ) with y(0) = 10 and y ′ (0) = 0.

(d) y ′′ − 4y ′ = 6e 3t − 3e −t with y(0) = 1 and y ′ (0) = −1.

L OOMIS C HAFFEE 2022-2023 PAGE 5 OF 6


MMD IFF E Q I NVERSE L APLACE T RANSFORMS AND D IFFERENTIAL E QUATIONS

(e) 2y ′′′ + 3y ′′ − 3y ′ − 2y = e −t with y(0) = y ′ (0) = 0 and y ′′ (0) = 1.

(f) y ′′′ + 2y ′′ − y ′ − 2y = sin 3t with y(0) = y ′ (0) = 0 and y ′′ (0) = 1.

L OOMIS C HAFFEE 2022-2023 PAGE 6 OF 6

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