Scribd
Upload
255 views3 pages

Ratio and Proportion

The document defines ratio, proportion, and continued proportion. It provides examples of finding a third proportional and using properties of proportion like invertendo, alternando, componendo, and dividendo. It then gives a classwork and homework assignment involving word problems on ratios, proportions, finding missing terms, and using properties of proportion.

Uploaded by

preeti
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
255 views3 pages

Ratio and Proportion

The document defines ratio, proportion, and continued proportion. It provides examples of finding a third proportional and using properties of proportion like invertendo, alternando, componendo, and dividendo. It then gives a classwork and homework assignment involving word problems on ratios, proportions, finding missing terms, and using properties of proportion.

Uploaded by

preeti
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 3

M Prakash Institute STD VII

Pre Foundation Lecture 9

RATIO AND PROPORTION


What is Proportion?
When two ratios are equal, the four quantities composing them are said to be
a c
proportional. Hence, if = , then a, b, c, d are proportional and are written as
b d
a : b :: c : d. The terms a and d are also called extremes while the terms b and c are
called the means.
a c
a : b : c : d ⇒ = ⇒ ad = bc
b d
Hence Product of extremes = Product of means

Continued Proportion
a b
(i) If = , then a, b, c, are said to be in continued proportion and vice-versa.
b c
If A : B and B : C, is given, how to find A : B : C ?
Eg: If A : B = 2 : 3, and B : C is 7 : 9, find A : B : C
A B: : C
2 :
3
7 : 9
2×7 : 3×7 : 3×9
14 : 21 : 27

Properties of Proportion
a c b d
(i) Invertendo: If = , then =
b d a c
a c a b
(ii) Alternando: If = , then =
b d c d
a c a+b c+d
(iii) Componendo: If = , then =
b d b d
a c a−b c−d
(iv) Dividendo: If = , then =
b d b d
a c a+b c+d
(v) Componendo and Dividendo: If = , then =
b d a−b c−d

Classwork:

1. Find the third proportional to 36, 12

2. Check whether the following numbers are in proportion


1 1 1 1
(a) 20, 18, 5, 6 (b) 3.6, 0.4, 4.5, 0.5 (c) , , ,
5 8 4 10
3. If a : b = 3 : 2 and b : c is 4 : 5, find a : c

4. The car that I own can go 150 Km with 25 litres of petrol. How far can it go with 30
litres of petrol?
(5a + 7b) (5c + 7d)
5. If a : b = c : d, prove that =
(5a − 7b) (5c − 7d)
(4x + 3y) 7 x
6. If = , use properties of proportion to find
(4x − 3y) 4 y
7. Do the two ratios 100 : 225 and 32 : 56 form a proportion?

8. What least number should be subtracted from 7, 17, 47 so that the remainders are in
continued proportion?

Homework:

1. Find the third proportional to each of the following sets of numbers.


3 7 2 3
(a) 2,8 (b) 2,5 (c) 5,2 (d) , (e) , (f) a, b
7 3 3 8
2. Find x such that
(a) x : 14 = 18 : 63 (b) 10.2 kg : x :: 3.4 m : 110 m
1 1
(c) 4 g : 3 g = x m : 21 m (d) x cm : 2.5 cm = 2.5 cm : 2 cm
2 2
3. Find x when
(a) x, 5, 8 and 10 are in proportion
(b) x, 8 and 24 are in continued proportion.

4. Find x in following proportions


(a) 16 : 18 = x : 96 (b) x : 92 = 87 : 116

5. Ms Sharma has three sons. The youngest son, Rohit, is 2 years 6 months old and
the eldest son, Rahul, is 10 years old. The age of the second son, Rakesh, is the mean
proportional between the ages of the other sons. How old is Rakesh?

6. In a triangle, the side AB = 4 cm and the side BC = 9 cm. If the side AC is the mean
proportional to AB and BC, find AC.
1 + k 2k + 3 4
7. Find the value of + if k = .
1 − k 2k − 3 3
(8x + 13y) 9
8. If = , find x : y
(8x − 13y) 7
Answer Key:

Classwork:
Que no. Answer
1 4
2 (b) In proportion
3 6:5
4 180 km
5
6 11:4
7 Not in proportion
8 2

Homework:
Que no. Answer
1 (a) 32 (b) 12.5 (c) 0.8
(d) 343/27 (e) 27/128 (f) b2 /a
2 (a) 4 (b) 330 (c) 27 (d) 6.25/2
3 (a) 4 (b) 8/3
4 (a) 85.3 (b) 69
5 5 years
6 AC = 6 cm
7 -24
8 13:1

You might also like

pFad - Phonifier reborn

Pfad - The Proxy pFad of © 2024 Garber Painting. All rights reserved.

Note: This service is not intended for secure transactions such as banking, social media, email, or purchasing. Use at your own risk. We assume no liability whatsoever for broken pages.


Alternative Proxies:

Alternative Proxy

pFad Proxy

pFad v3 Proxy

pFad v4 Proxy