Basic civil engineering wuuvme ——_YERTLATIN sums Sirens L-shaped kitchen with an attached walk-in pantry Each area is designed to provide proper flow in between each zone. We get a kitchen triengle or © working triangle inthe middle ofthe kitchen. There is an opening in the pontry to access the dining room Qerecni , QrriensssDIPLOMA IN © NGI ‘CONCRETE TECHNOLOGY — jODU 1. What is cement? What are its important properties? Any material that can acts as a binding agent for materials. © Have good Adhesive and cohesive property © Omadding water > Hydration takes place © Initial setting time for OPC = 30 minutes © Final setting time for OPC = 10 hours/600 minutes © Normal consistency = 26 -33 % 2. List types ofcementand explain briefly? ‘Various types of cement used are; 1, Ordinary Portland Cement (OPC) 33 Grade, 43 Grade, and 53 Grade — 33 = fix 2, Rapid Hardening cement (RHC) © Develop early strength - 3 days (OPC - 7 days) © High C,S content, Low CS content, Higher fineness © Uses: Prefabricated constructions, road repair works, cold weather ‘Extra Rapid Hardening Cement © RHC + CaCl, (by 2 % weight of RHC) © Mixing, placing, compaction and finishing within 20 minutes © Storage time — 1 month © Not discussed in IS Code © Uses: Cold weather, under water concreting 4. Sulphate Resisting Cement © Toresist sulphate attack © Volume of concrete increases due to reaction of cement with sulphate containing solution. © Ca(OH)2 + CaSO4 > Volume increases by 227 % © Uses: Marine structures, foundations, sewage treatment units, hydraulic structures Portland Slag cement © Slag = OPC clinker + Blast furnace slag + Gypsum © Resistant to chemical attacks: Sulphate attack, Acid attack, Alkali attack, Chlorides attack © Reduced permeability © Uses: Mass concreting, dams, ete 6, Quick setting cement © Quick setting property cS wPoints to Remember Before Attending Interview slabs refixed after removal) 7 days (props to refixed Soffit to beams props after removal) Beams spanning upto 45m 7 days Beams spanning over 45m 14 days Arches spanning up to 14 days 6m Arches spanning over 21 days 6m Cube samples required for different quantity of concrete: Quantity of Concrete No. of cubes required 1-5m? 1 No'’s 6015m3 2 Nos 16- 30m? 3 Nos 31- 50m? 4 Nos Aneveson? 4+1 Nos of addition of each 50 m?Points to Remember Before Attending Interview Following are few general points to remember for civil site engineers to make the construction work easier while maintaining quality of construction. Lapping is not allowed for the bars having diameters more than 36 mm. Chair spacing maximum spacing is 1.00 m (or) 1 No per 1m2. For dowels rod minimum of 12 mm diameter should be used. Chairs minimum of 12 mm diameter bars to be used. Longitudinal reinforcement not less than 0.8% and more than 6% of gross C/S. Minimum bars for square column is 4 Nos and 6 No’s for circular column. Main bars in the slabs shall not be less than 8 mm (HYSD) or 10 mm (Plain bars) and the distributors not less than 8 mm and not more than 1/8 of slab thickness. Minimum thickness of slab is 125 mm. Dimension tolerance for cubes + 2 mm. Free fall of concrete is allowed maximum to 1.50m. Lap slices not be used for bar larger than 36mm.Points to Remember Before Attending Interview Water absorption of bricks should not be more than 15 %. PH value of the water should not be less than 6. * Compressive strength of Bricks is 3.5 N / mm2- In steel reinforcement binding wire required is 8 kg per MT. In soil filling as per IS code, 3 samples should be taken for core cutting test for every 100m2. Density of Materials: Material Density 1600 — 1920 Brick: ticks kane Concrete block 1920 kg/ m3 2310 - 2700 k Reinforced concrete m3 o/ Curing time of RCC Members for different types of cement: Super Sulphate cement: 7 days Ordinary Portland cement OPC: 10 days Minerals & Admixture added cement: 14 daysTypes of Shoring * Vertical Shoring * Window/Door Shoring Other Types of Shoring * T-Spot Shoring * Raker Shoring * Laced Post Shoring * Horizontal Shoring * Trench shores * Pneumatic shores * Improvised Bamboo shoringThe roofs are classified into the following three categories: 1. Pitched or slopping roofs 2. Flat or terraced roofs 3. Curved roofs Flat roofs are used in plains where rainfall is less and climate is moderate. Pitched roofs are preferred wherever rainfall is more. Shells and folded plate roofs are used to cover large column free areas required for auditoriums, factories etc.14. Table 9.1. Safe bearing capacity of different types of soil (A) Cohesioniess soils Gravel, sand and gravel, com- pact and offering high resistance to penetration when execrated by tools {see note 2). Coarse sand, compact and dry (see note 3) Medium sand, compact and dry Fine sand, silt (dry lumps easily pulverized by the fingers) Loose gravel or sand gravel mixture, loose coarse to medium sand, dry (see note 2). Fine sand, loose and dry (B) Cohesive soils: Soft shale, hand or stiff clay in deep bed, dry Medium clay, readily indented with @ thumb nail Moist clay and sand clay mixture which can be indented with strong thumb pressure Soft clay indented with moderate thumb pressure Very solt clay which can be penetrated several centimetres with the thumb Black cotton soil or other shrinkable of expansive clay in dry condition (50% saturation), (C) Peat Peat (DB) Made up ground Fills or made up ground 44.0 440 24.5 245 15.0 150 10.0 | 100 5.0 50 To be determined after in- vestigation (see note 4) -do- {see notes 4 and 5) —do- (see notes 2 and 5)SOlutiON volume ot -brick (wh Marta) = 20%.10%.30 = 0.002 lus el vt rar 8.094.080.0018 l oo aa ' : . 1 No. of Bricks in mv? = ===; = 500 Bricks Volume of Mortar = 1~ 500 x 001539 := 0.2305 m* (WET Volume) Solution Solution YEE ohne of Morar = 02103 mt Mortar Ratio »6:1'=6+1 =? anne Cipaeiee Density of Cement « 1440 n/m" Mortar 8 10. Density of Cemant = 1440 Ka/m! Mortar Thickness = 10mm Ren’ = 95.9147 Dry Wolume of Mortar = 0.2305 x 1.33 = 0,306565 m! olome cf 1-arick Gehtess aeersan: = 19 x.09 x.09 = 0.001539 m? ‘Quantity of Cement = +x 0.206565 « 1440 = 63 kg Volume of 1-Brick (With Mortar) Seaasi artes ome seb age _Nvoatastae DriesBatching by bucket High Strength Cement Coarse sand Stone Approximate yield Bucket 3Buckets 3 Buckets wa Buckets Batching by wheelbarrow High Strength Cement Coarse sand Stone Approximate yield ain “ 2 Bags (1 = 50 kg) 3 Wheelbarrows Quantities per m’ of concrete High Strength Cement Coarse sand Stone Approximate yield —_ 6,59 Bags (= 50 kg)Why over Lapping of steel is important? The overlapping of the steel is very important in R.C.C works because splicing of steel is used to transfer all the stresses from one bar to another bar. The length of the lapping is different in different concrete mixes because different concrete having a different crushing strength. AL the site basically, we receive a steel bar at the site having a length 6 to 12 meter. So if we have a length more then 12 m. We must overlap the steel bar so the splice length of the steel bar depends on the, 1. The diameter of the steel bar going to use. 2, Antiount of Stresses developed in the bars. 3. And what type of concrete is going to us MIS, M20,M25, etc.) Suppose we have a column having a height 100 ft. So at the side, we don't have a 100 ft long one single bar we must overlap the bar to achieve the total length of the column OVERLAPPING RESTRICTION 1. ‘The lapping is not provided above 36 mm diameter bars because those diameter bars doesn’t transfer the stre from one bar to another bar and also the alignment of the column bar is also affected by providing the lap on these bars. lapping of the stee! bars also not provided in high shear force zones and it should be provided at that zone where shear force will be minimum.Horizontal Plumbing Drain Lines Proper placement of tees, wye, 1/8 bend & combos Soitasy toe Wipe 81/8 bend Wnt backflow upétiniam Air Wye B18 bert ar fombeSHORING The temporary support of damaged, collapsed, or partially collapsed structure that is unstable, required for conducting search and rescue operations at reduced risk to the victims and the rescue team. © NEED LATERAL BRACING + NEED A system THAT WILL GIVE WARNING BEFORE ras: HAS FORGIVENESS CONNECTIONS SUPPORT LOAD DISTRIBUTE LOAD DOUBLE FUNNEL PRINCIPLECement ) proof course & Cement mortar of concrete road proportion 132 Cement R.C.C works such as lintels, | mortar of pillars, slabs, etc. proportion 1:3 Cement mortar of Plaster Work proportion Ti Sito T : i | Cement mortar of Pointing Work proportion Ti 1 to 1; 2| Q IA 864 | @teamlceted | Institute For Civil Engineers BBS Basics @teamiceted Depth of Slab- Top Cover- Bottom Cover Crank Length & Extra Bar Length For 45 deg bend, crank length = 0.42d For 30 deg bend, crank length = 0.27d For 60 deg bend, crank length = 0.58d Length of extra bar = L/ 4 VISIT OUR SITE FOR MORE INFORMATION : Iceted.comTS ONLINE ACADEMY a Cuil Engineer [raining Jrddle QUANTITY 2. in SURVEYING a COURSE, SE Job Oriented Courses ° Estimation & Costing te 1 © Bill Of Quantity (BOQ) ~ Ry Limited Time Offer ¢ Bar Bending Schedules Neen uSPeEMe courses & _ JOINNOW — © Rate Analysis ¢ Billing & Budget © Property Valuation © Tendering & Contract Achieve your Dream Job a