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Moulding Expanded Polystyrene (EPS)

The document discusses the process of moulding expanded polystyrene (EPS). It describes how EPS beads are first pre-expanded to around 40 times their original size using pentane as a blowing agent. The beads are then stabilized in a holding tank for 12 hours before being reheated with steam in a mould to achieve their final expansion and shape. EPS has excellent insulation and impact resistance properties, making it well-suited for packaging electronics, food, medical supplies, and other breakable or temperature-sensitive goods. The British Plastics Federation's Expanded Polystyrene Packaging Group promotes EPS recycling and environmental performance.

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Shubham Bhagwat
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0% found this document useful (0 votes)
219 views6 pages

Moulding Expanded Polystyrene (EPS)

The document discusses the process of moulding expanded polystyrene (EPS). It describes how EPS beads are first pre-expanded to around 40 times their original size using pentane as a blowing agent. The beads are then stabilized in a holding tank for 12 hours before being reheated with steam in a mould to achieve their final expansion and shape. EPS has excellent insulation and impact resistance properties, making it well-suited for packaging electronics, food, medical supplies, and other breakable or temperature-sensitive goods. The British Plastics Federation's Expanded Polystyrene Packaging Group promotes EPS recycling and environmental performance.

Uploaded by

Shubham Bhagwat
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Moulding Expanded Polystyrene (EPS)

 
This process page is kindly sponsored by the member
companies of the BPF EPS Packaging Group
(http://www.eps.co.uk/)
(http://www.eps.co.uk/)

click here (http://www.bpf.co.uk/data/iframe/EPS_animation.html) to view a large image
 

Properties
Durable
The exceptional durability means that it can effectively protect a wide range of goods. There is no loss of
strength  in  damp  conditions,  making  EPS  ideal  for  cool­chain  food  products.  The  fact  that  the  material  is  
moisture resistant also means that the highest hygiene requirements are met.

Lightweight
EPS is made up of 98% air. Due to its extremely low weight, its use as a packaging material minimizes the
total product weight. This reduces transportation costs compared with other packaging materials. In turn this CD player
means that transport fuel consumption is improved and vehicle emissions are minimized. All contributing to with
lower global warming. protective

Insulating packaging
The thermal insulation properties help keep food fresh through the distribution chain. It is widely used to
package fish and for seed trays where low heat loss assists in the growth of the plants.

Overview

Expanded polystyrene (EPS) is used for the production of a number of applications. However its major application is as a
protective  packaging  for  consumer  electronic  products  and  white  goods.  Its  excellent  thermal  insulation  and  mechanical
protection  properties  make  it  ideal  to  package  fish  and  other  foodstuffs.  EPS  also  has  applications  in  horticulture  as  seed
trays.

The outstanding shock absorbency of expanded polystyrene packaging ensures the protection of a broad range of products.
Moreover, its compression resistance means that EPS is ideal for stackable packaging goods. When safety is paramount, EPS
comes into its own. It is used in the manufacture of children's car seats and cycling helmets, where its protective qualities,
strength and shock­absorbency are vital.
 

The Production and Moulding Process
Unlike other thermoplastic processes, the production of EPS products requires that the raw materials be pre­conditioned prior
to their final "tooled" moulding process.
The  raw  material  (also  known  as  "expandable  polystyrene"  or  "bead")  has  a  sperical  shape  and  is  similar  to  sugar  in
appearance.

The conversion process is carried out in three stages:
Pre­expansion
The tiny spherical polystyrene beads are expanded to about 40 times their original size using a small quantity of
pentane (typically 5% by weight) as a blowing agent. This process involves the heating of beads, using a flow of
steam, which causes the blowing agent to boil and thus a honeycomb of closed cells is formed.

Maturing
As the material cools the pentane liquefies and a partial vacuum is formed inside the bead. The beads are
returned to a holding tank for approximately twelve hours to allow the pressure differential to equalize, giving a
stabilised granule.

Final Forming
In this final stage the pre­expanded stabilized beads are reheated with steam in a mould. The final expansion
takes place and the beads coalesce to give a shaped moulding. This can also be used to form large blocks which
can be sectioned to the required shape as panels, boards, cylinders etc. In this final form the EPS is made up of
98% air.

The Machines and Tools
The components are formed in aluminium mould tools. These are generally of male and female form, with the shape between
the two halves of the mould being the shape, being produced.

The mould tool is fitted into a press, which has the facility to introduce steam from behind each half of the tool. The steam is
introduced through small slotted vents, which have been machined into the mould tool when it was manufactured.
 

Surfboards and body protection in moulded Head protection moulded in Medicine phials in protective


eps. eps. packaging.

EPS and the Environment
EPS packaging is a thermoplastic polymer based on styrene, (which also occurs naturally in products such as strawberries
and coffee beans.) It does not, and never has contained CFCs or HCFCs. The small proportion of hydrocarbon blowing agent
used readily decomposes in the atmosphere, and as a result EPS does not have any adverse impact on the ozone layer.
 
About the BPF Expanded Polystyrene Packaging Group
The Expanded Polystyrene (EPS) Packaging Group is part of the British Plastics Federation and represents over 85% of the
EPS moulding industry in the UK.

An  objective  of  the  Group  is  to  raise  awareness  about  the  excellent  combination  of  protection,  cost­effectiveness  and
environmental performance that EPS can offer. Another objective is to increase the recycling of used EPS packaging and to
promote awareness of existing recycling schemes through a programme of newsletters and seminars.
 
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