CHAPTER-3

UNDERSTANDING QUADRILATERALS
(PART-5)
(CLASS-VIII)
(AISN)

AISN/MATHS/CLASS-8
 GENERAL INSTRUCTIONS TO BE FOLLOWED
DURING THE CLASS
1. Keep your Maths NCERT book, Geometry Notebook, Practice notebook, Pencil
box and other stationery items next to yourself so as to avoid movement during the
class.
2. It’s a humble request to keep your microphone on mute, camera on and speaker on
to hear class delivery with clarity. You will be prompted by the Teacher (Presenter)
when to unmute your microphone.
3. Keep your mobile on silent mode if it is kept near your laptop.
4. Do not ask questions during the progress of the lesson. Put your queries in the chat
box.
5. CW and HW questions to be done in the fair maths notebook.
6. Assignments will be shared in terms of handouts or worksheets on Amitranet.

AISN/MATHS/CLASS-8
 Ch-3, Understanding Quadrilaterals, Part-5

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 Ch-3, Understanding Quadrilaterals, Part-5

TOPICS ALREADY COVERED IN THE PREVIOUS CLASS

➢ KINDS OF QUADRILATERALS
❑ TRAPEZIUM
❑ KITE
❑ PARALLELOGRAM
❑ RHOMBUS
❑ RECTANGLE
❑ SQUARE
➢ KITE AND ITS PROPERTIES
➢ PARALLELOGRAM AND ITS PROPERTIES
➢ PROBLEM SOLVING FROM EX-3.3

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 Ch-3, Understanding Quadrilaterals, Part-5 RECAP

KINDS OF QUADRILATERALS

PARALLELOGRAM
KITE
It is a quadrilateral where two pairs It is a quadrilateral where both pairs of
of consecutive sides are equal. opposite sides are parallel.
➢ Diagonals are perpendicular to ➢ Opposite sides are equal.
each other. ➢ Opposite angles are equal.
➢ One diagonal bisects the other. ➢ Adjacent angles are supplementary
➢ One pair of opposite angle is ➢ Diagonals bisect each other.
equal. ➢ Diagonals divide the parallelogram
in two congruent triangles.

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 Ch-3, Understanding Quadrilaterals, Part-5

TOPICS TO BE COVERED
➢ PROBLEM SOLVING OF EXERCISE-3.3
➢ KINDS OF QUADRILATERALS
❑ TRAPEZIUM
❑ KITE
❑ PARALLELOGRAM
❑ RHOMBUS
❑ RECTANGLE
❑ SQUARE
➢ RHOMBUS AND ITS PROPERTIES
➢ RECTANGLE AND ITS PROPERTIES

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 Ch-3, Understanding Quadrilaterals, Part-5

KINDS OF QUADRILATERALS

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 Ch-3, Understanding Quadrilaterals, Part-4

PARALLELOGRAM & ITS PROPERTIES

It is a quadrilateral where both pairs of opposite sides are parallel.
i.e. AB ∥ CD and
AD ∥ BC
PROPERTIES:
1. Opposite sides are equal.
2. Opposite angles are equal.
3. Adjacent angles are supplementary.
4. Diagonals bisect each other.
5. Diagonals divide the parallelogram into two congruent triangles.

AISN/MATHS/CLASS-8 8
 Ch-3, Understanding Quadrilaterals, Part-5 Class Work

Exercise- 3.3, Q 5
The measures of two adjacent angles of a parallelogram are in the ratio
3 : 2. Find the measure of each of the angles of the parallelogram.

Solution: Let the measures of two adjacent angles, ∠A and ∠B, of

parallelogram ABCD are in the ratio of 3:2. Let ∠A = 3x and ∠B = 2x
We know that the sum of the measures of adjacent angles is 180° for
a parallelogram.
∴∠A + ∠B = 180°
⇒3x + 2x = 180°
⇒ 5x = 180°
180°
⇒x= = 36°
5
∠A = ∠C = 3X =108° (Opposite angles)
∠B = ∠D = 2x = 72° (Opposite angles)
Thus, the measures of the angles of the parallelogram
are 108°, 72°, 108° and 72°.

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 Ch-3, Understanding Quadrilaterals, Part-5 Class Work

Exercise- 3.3, Q 7
The adjacent figure HOPE is a parallelogram.
Find the angle measures x, y and z. State the
properties you use to find them.

Solution: Given that HOPE is a parallelogram,

y = 40° (Alternate interior angles)

70° = z + 40° (Corresponding angles)

⇒ 70° − 40° = z
⇒ z = 30°

x + (z + 40°) = 180° (Adjacent pair of angles)

⇒ x + 70° = 180°
⇒ x = 110°

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 Ch-3, Understanding Quadrilaterals, Part-5

RHOMBUS

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 Ch-3, Understanding Quadrilaterals, Part-5

RHOMBUS

Parallelogram with all sides equal.

So,

• AB ∥ CD & AD ∥ BC

• AB = BC = CD = AD

Since it is a parallelogram, it will

have all its properties.

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 Ch-3, Understanding Quadrilaterals, Part-5

OTHER PROPERTIES OF RHOMBUS

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 Ch-3, Understanding Quadrilaterals, Part-5

PROPERTIES OF RHOMBUS

In a Rhombus

• Opposite sides are equal.

• Opposite angles are equal.

• Diagonals bisect each other at 90°.

• Sum of adjacent angles is 180°.

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 Ch-3, Understanding Quadrilaterals, Part-5

EXAMPLE
RICE is a rhombus. Find x, y, z. Justify your findings.
Solution:

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 Ch-3, Understanding Quadrilaterals, Part-5

DIFFERENCE BETWEEN RHOMBUS AND KITE

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 Ch-3, Understanding Quadrilaterals, Part-5

RECTANGLE

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 Ch-3, Understanding Quadrilaterals, Part-5

RECTANGLE
Rectangle is a parallelogram with
all angles equal to 90°.
So,
• AB ∥ CD & AD ∥ BC
• AB = CD & AD = BC
• ∠A = ∠B = ∠C = ∠D=90º

Since it is a parallelogram,
it will have all its properties.

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 Ch-3, Understanding Quadrilaterals, Part-5

OTHER PROPERTIES OF RECTANGLE

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 Ch-3, Understanding Quadrilaterals, Part-5

PROPERTIES OF RECTANGLE

In a Rectangle

• Opposite sides are equal.

• Opposite angles are equal.

• Diagonals are equal and
bisect each other.

• Sum of adjacent angles is 180°.

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 Ch-3, Understanding Quadrilaterals, Part-5

EXAMPLE
RENT is a rectangle. Its diagonals meet at O. Find x, if
OR = 2x + 4 and OT = 3x + 1.
Solution:

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 Ch-3, Understanding Quadrilaterals, Part-5

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 Ch-3, Understanding Quadrilaterals, Part-5

TOPICS WE HAVE DONE TODAY

➢ PROBLEM SOLVING OF EXERCISE-3.3
➢ KINDS OF QUADRILATERALS
❑ TRAPEZIUM
❑ KITE
❑ PARALLELOGRAM
❑ RHOMBUS
❑ RECTANGLE
❑ SQUARE
➢ RHOMBUS AND ITS PROPERTIES
➢ RECTANGLE AND ITS PROPERTIES

AISN/MATHS/CLASS-8 23
 Ch-3, Understanding Quadrilaterals, Part-5 RECAP

KINDS OF QUADRILATERALS

RECTANGLE
RHOMBUS
Parallelogram with all sides equal. Rectangle is a parallelogram with
➢ Opposite sides are equal. all angles equal to 90°.
➢ Opposite angles are equal. ➢ Opposite sides are equal.
➢ Diagonals bisect each other at 90°. ➢ Opposite angles are equal.
➢ Sum of adjacent angles is 180°. ➢ Diagonals are equal and
bisect each other.
➢ Sum of adjacent angles is 180°.

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 Ch-3, Understanding Quadrilaterals, Part-5

HOME TASK

Practice CW and do the following questions

from NCERT in fair notebook
• Ex-3.3 Q4, Q6, Q8 and Q9.
(Some of the questions have already been
discussed with solution in the PPT)

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 Ch-3, Understanding Quadrilaterals, Part-5

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