1.

A male client with a tentative diagnosis of hyperosmolar hyperglycemic nonketotic syndrome

(HHNS) has a history of type 2 diabetes that is being controlled with an oral diabetic agent,
tolazamide (Tolinase). Which of the following is the most important laboratory test for
confirming this disorder?
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A. Serum potassium level

B. Serum sodium level
C. Arterial blood gas (ABG) values
D. Serum osmolarity
 
 
2. Which nursing diagnosis takes highest priority for a female client with hyperthyroidism?
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A. Risk for imbalanced nutrition: More than body requirements related to thyroid hormone excess
B. Risk for impaired skin integrity related to edema, skin fragility, and poor wound healing
C. Body image disturbance related to weight gain and edema
D. Imbalanced nutrition: Less than body requirements related to thyroid hormone excess
 
 
3. When instructing the female client diagnosed with hyperparathyroidism about diet, the nurse
should stress the importance of which of the following?
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A. Restricting fluids
B. Restricting sodium
C. Forcing fluids
 
D. Restricting potassium

 
4. The nurse is assessing a client with Addison’s disease. Which of the following clinical
manifestations would correlate to a client with Addison’s disease?
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A. Full moon face

B. Hypocalcemia
C. Hyperkalemia
 
D. Striae
 
5. A client is brought to the emergency department in an unresponsive state, and a diagnosis of
hyperosmolar hyperglycemic syndrome is made. The nurse would immediately prepare to initiate
which anticipated health care provider’s prescription?
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A. Endotracheal intubation
B. 100 units of NPH insulin
C. Intravenous infusion of normal saline
D. Intravenous infusion of sodium bicarbonate
 
Correct answer
C. Intravenous infusion of normal saline

 
6. A client with diabetes mellitus has a blood glucose level of 644 mg/dL. The nurse interprets
that this client is most at risk of developing which type of acid-base imbalance?
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A. Metabolic acidosis
B. Metabolic alkalosis
 
C. Respiratory acidosis
D. Respiratory alkalosis
Correct answer
C. Respiratory acidosis

 
7. The nurse is caring for a client with a diagnosis of Cushing’s syndrome. The nurse should plan
which of these measures to prevent complications from this medical condition?
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A. Monitoring glucose levels

B. Administration of steroids
 
C. Monitoring epinephrine levels
D. Encouraging visits from friends
Correct answer
A. Monitoring glucose levels

 
8. A client is receiving desmopressin (DDAVP) intranasally for management of diabetes
insipidus. Which assessment parameters should the nurse check to determine the effectiveness of
this medication?
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A. Daily weight
 
B. Temperature
C. Apical heart rate
D. Pupillary response

 
9. A client is diagnosed with diabetes insipidus. The nurse performs an assessment on the client
and expects to note all manifestations except? 
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A. Bradycardia
B. Poor skin turgor
C. Increased urinary output
D. Dry mucous membranes
 
Correct answer
A. Bradycardia

 
10. A client with type 2 diabetes mellitus is being discharged from the hospital after an
occurrence of hyperglycemic hyperosmolar state (HHS). The nurse develops a discharge
teaching plan for the client and identifies which as a priority?
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A. Exercise routines
B. Controlling dietary intake
C. Keeping follow-up appointments
D. Monitoring for signs/symptoms of dehydration
 
 
11. While a client with myxedema is being admitted to the hospital, the client reports having
experienced a lack of energy, cold intolerance, and puffiness around the eyes and face. The nurse
plans care knowing that these clinical manifestations are caused by a lack of production of which
hormones?
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A. Luteinizing hormone (LH)
B. Adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH)
C. Triiodothyronine (T3) and thyroxine (T4)
 
D. Prolactin (PRL) and growth hormone (GH)

 
12. A client is diagnosed with hyperthyroidism. The nurse performs an assessment on the client,
expecting to note which findings?
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A. Weight gain
B. Bradycardia
C. Hypotension
D. Heat intolerance
 
 
13. The nurse is admitting a client who recently underwent a bilateral adrenalectomy. Which
intervention is essential for the nurse to include in the client’s plan of care?
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A. Prevent social isolation.

B. Consider occupational therapy.
C. Discuss changes in body image.
D. Avoid stress-producing situations.
 
 
14. A client with a diagnosis of diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) is being treated in the emergency
department. Which findings support this diagnosis? 
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A. Increase in pH
B. Deep, rapid breathing
C. Decreased urine output
D. Increased bicarbonate level
 
Correct answer
B. Deep, rapid breathing

 
15. The nurse is admitting a client who is diagnosed with syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic
hormone secretion (SIADH) and has serum sodium of 118 mEq/L (118 mmol/L). Which health
care provider prescriptions should the nurse anticipate receiving? 
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A. Administer vasopressin.
B. Initiate an infusion of .45 NaCl.
C. Place the client in supine position
D. Restrict fluids to 800 mL over 24 hours.
 
 
16. A client with type 1 diabetes mellitus calls the nurse to report recurrent episodes of
hypoglycemia with exercising. Which statement by the client indicates an adequate
understanding of the peak action of NPH insulin and exercise?
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A. “I should not exercise since I am taking insulin.”

B. “The best time for me to exercise is after breakfast.”
 
C. “The best time for me to exercise is mid- to late afternoon.”
D. “NPH is a basal insulin, so I should exercise in the evening.”

 
17. A client with hyperthyroidism has been given methimazole. Which nursing considerations
are associated with this medication? 
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A. Take the medication on empty stomach

 
B. Place the client on a low-calorie, low protein diet.
C. Instruct the client to report side and adverse effects such as sore throat, fever, or headaches.
D. Use special radioactive precautions when handling the client’s urine for the first 24 hours following
initial administration.
Correct answer
C. Instruct the client to report side and adverse effects such as sore throat, fever, or headaches.

 
18. The nurse teaches the client, who is newly diagnosed with diabetes insipidus, about the
prescribed intranasal desmopressin. Which statements by the client indicate understanding?
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A. “This medication will turn my urine orange.”

B. “I should decrease my oral fluids when I start this medication.”
 
C. “The amount of urine I make should increase if this medicine is working.”
D. “I need to follow a low-fat diet to avoid pancreatitis when taking this medicine.”

 
19. A daily dose of prednisone is prescribed for a client. The nurse provides instructions to the
client regarding administration of the medication and should instruct the client that which time is
best to take this medication?
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A. At noon
B. At bedtime
C. Early morning
 
D. Any time, at the same time, each day

 
20. Clients with type 1 diabetes may require which of the following changes to their daily routine
during periods of infection?
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A. No changes
B. Less insulin
 
C. More insulin
D. Oral antidiabetic agents
Correct answer
C. More insulin

 
21. The nurse is taking care of a client with Cushing’s syndrome. Which of the following
interventions is inappropriate?
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A. Decrease alt intake.

B. Avoiding crowded places.
C. Decrease potassium intake.
D. Monitor blood glucose level.
 
Correct answer
C. Decrease potassium intake.
 
22. The nurse enters the room of a client who has DM 1. The client’s blood glucose is 50 mg/dL
and unconscious. Which of the following interventions is a priority?
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A. Administer insulin.
B. Give glucose tablets.
C. Give 4oz of fruit juice.
D. Administer 1mg of glucagon IM
 
 
23. The nurse provides information to a client with diabetes mellitus who is taking insulin about
the manifestations of hypoglycemia. Which manifestations should the nurse exclude in the
information? 
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A. Hunger
B. Sweating
C. Weakness
 
D. Increased urinary output
Correct answer
D. Increased urinary output

 
24. The nurse is instructing a client with diabetes mellitus regarding hypoglycemia. Which
statement by the client indicates the need for further teaching?
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A. “Hypoglycemia can occur at any time of the day or night.”

B. “I can drink 6 to 8 ounces of milk if hypoglycemia occurs.”
 
C. “If I feel sweaty or shaky, I might be experiencing hypoglycemia.”
D. “If hypoglycemia occurs, I need to take my regular insulin as prescribed.”
Correct answer
D. “If hypoglycemia occurs, I need to take my regular insulin as prescribed.”

 
25. A client with hypoparathyroidism is admitted to the hospital. Which of the following findings
would correlate to a client with hypoparathyroidism? 
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A. Polyuria
B. Constipation
C. Muscle twitching
D. Muscle weakness