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Cryogenic Steel

Cryogenic steel is steel that has undergone cryogenic treatment, which involves cooling the steel to temperatures below -190°C. This process improves the steel's wear resistance, stress relief, stabilization, and corrosion resistance by precipitating fine carbides. Some benefits of cryogenic treatment include longer part life, reduced failure and cracking, improved properties, and easier machining. Cryogenic treatment has applications in industrial tooling, automotive parts, cutting tools, forming tools, and components for aerospace, medical, sports, and musical equipment.

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27 views2 pages

Cryogenic Steel

Cryogenic steel is steel that has undergone cryogenic treatment, which involves cooling the steel to temperatures below -190°C. This process improves the steel's wear resistance, stress relief, stabilization, and corrosion resistance by precipitating fine carbides. Some benefits of cryogenic treatment include longer part life, reduced failure and cracking, improved properties, and easier machining. Cryogenic treatment has applications in industrial tooling, automotive parts, cutting tools, forming tools, and components for aerospace, medical, sports, and musical equipment.

Uploaded by

Dhairya Soni
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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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CRYOGENIC STEEL ( Notes Prepared by Capt Ajay Puri )

A cryogenic treatment is the process of treating workpieces


to cryogenic temperatures (i.e. below −190 °C (−310 °F)) in order to remove residual
stresses and improve wear resistance on steels. In addition to seeking enhanced
stress relief and stabilization, or wear resistance, cryogenic treatment is also sought
for its ability to improve corrosion resistance by precipitating micro-fine eta carbides,
which can be measured before and after in a part using a quantimet.
The process has a wide range of applications from industrial tooling to the
improvement of musical signal transmission. Some of the benefits of cryogenic
treatment include longer part life, less failure due to cracking, improved thermal
properties, better electrical properties including less electrical resistance, reduced
coefficient of friction, less creep and walk, improved flatness, and easier machining
Cryogenic hardening is a cryogenic treatment process where the material is cooled
to very low temperatures. By using liquid nitrogen, the temperature can go as low as
−190 °C. It can have a profound effect on the mechanical properties of certain
materials, such as steels or tungsten carbide.
Applications of cryogenic hardening

 Aerospace & Defense: communication, optical housings, weapons platforms,


guidance systems, landing systems.
 Automotive: brake rotors, transmissions, clutches, brake parts, rods, crank
shafts, camshafts axles, bearings, ring and pinion, heads, valve trains,
differentials, springs, nuts, bolts, washers.
 Cutting tools: cutters, knives, blades, drill bits, end
mills, turning or milling[2] inserts. There are two main types of cryogenic
treatments of cutting tools: Cryogenic treatments of cutting inserts can be
classified as follows: Deep Cryogenic Treatments (DCT) or Shallow Cryogenic
Treatments (SCT). A different minimum tool cooling temperature is used in the
two mentioned treatments: -196 °C for DCT and -80 °C for SCT.
 Forming tools: roll form dies, progressive dies, stamping dies.
 Mechanical industry: pumps, motors, nuts, bolts, washers.
 Medical: tooling, scalpels.
 Motorsports and Fleet Vehicles: Automotive for brake rotors and other
automotive components.
 Musical: Vacuum tubes, brass instruments, guitar strings and fret wire, piano
wire, amplifiers, magnetic pickups, cables, connectors.
 Sports: Firearms, knives, fishing equipment, auto racing, tennis rackets, golf
clubs, mountain climbing gear, archery, skiing, aircraft parts, high pressure lines,
bicycles, motor cycles.

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