Name : Putri Dewi Nur Laili

NIM : 190210401073
Instructional Design
DEVELOPING INSTRUCTIONAL STRATEGY
Material : Descriptive Text
Theme : Animal
Grade/Semester : VII/1
Time Allocation : 50 minute

1. PRE-INSTRUCTIONAL ACTIVITIES
a. Motivating the students
The teacher can motivating the students by asking the students about the picture then let the
students to observe the picture. After that the students will identify the characteristic of the
animal that I show to them.
The example of the picture:

The students will mention the characteristics of the cat such as it has a strong flexible body,
quick reflexes, sharp teeth and retractable claws adapted to killing small prey.
b. The objectives of the instruction
The teacher will tell the students about what will they learn in this learning materials. It is about
the purpose and the structure of descriptive texts about people/animals/things, very short and
simple, the language features of it and the social function of descriptive texts about
people/animals/things, very short and simple.
c. Informing the students of prerequisite skill
The teacher will let the students know about the skill that they have to provide before learning
this materials. The prerequisite skills for learning descriptive text is understanding simple present
tense.
2. INFORMATION PRESENTATION
It is about the materials that teacher will explain to the students such as the structure of
descriptive text.
• Definition
Descriptive Text is a text which says what a person, animal or a thing is like. Its purpose is to
describe and reveal a particular person, animal, place, or thing to the reader.
• The Characteristics
1. Using the Simple Present Tense.
It is because we will describe a fact or truth that is attached to something or someone. And
one of the functions of the simple present is to illustrate a fact or truth.
2. Because of its function is to describe something by explaining its properties, then the text
will be found many descriptive adjectives, such as handsome, beautiful, tall, small, big.
3. In the descriptive text we will often find Relating verb (copula) which is (as in
characteristic number 1). In Indonesian is often interpreted as "is". Because the purpose or
function descriptive text is to describe, then definitely we will often find the word was (is).
His name is Andy (his name was Andy), his height is 160 cm (height is 160 cm).
• Generic Structure
1. Identification
This section in the first paragraph - the goal is to identify something to be described or
depicted. Explanation easy, Identification serves to introduce the reader about the object or
something that we have described before we tell about its properties. The goal is not to get
one of those readers.
2. Description
This section in the second paragraph and so on - contains the properties inherent in
something that you already introduced to the reader in the first paragraph.
• The Example of Descriptive Text
My Rottweiler Dog
I have a dog. He is a Rottweiler dog named Rogger. As another type of Rottweiler, Rogger has
large size. If he stands up, his height is about 55 to 75 cm measured up to his shoulder and his
weight is about 37 to 44 kg. He has large size because it is generally the type of Rottweiler dogs
that always has the great body. Rottweiler dog is commonly used as a working dog. In his origin
region in German, this dog is usually used to keep a cattle from wolves and foxes. My dog
Rogger has a short fur that is attached to his skin, the texture is very thick and black. Rogger also
has a dark brown and light brown shadow around his cheeks, chest, legs, and around his eyes.
His tail is short because the tail has been cut by my father since he was puppy. His face looked
very fierce and terrible. Rogger also has a very strong jaw. When his mouth opens, his big pointy
teeth will appear. Then, the things that I love the most is his authoritative and very loud barking.
It can frighten the strangers who heard his voice. Therefore I make him as a guard dog in my
house.
Adopted from: https://www.belajarbahasainggrisku.id/contoh-descriptive-text-about-dog-
terbaik-dan-artinya/
3. STUDENT PARTICIPATION
a. Objective: The students are able to mention the purpose and the structure of descriptive
texts about people/animals/things, very short and simple.
Information Presentation
Information:
The purpose of the descriptive text is clear, that is to describe, represent or reveal a person, an
animal, or an object, either abstract or concrete.
The structure
• Identification contains the introduction of a person, place, animal or object will be
described.
• Description contains a description of something such as animal, things, place or person
by decribing its features, forms, colors, or anything related to what the writer describe.
The Example:
CHICKEN
Chickens are domestic or farm birds. The live span of a chicken is about 10 to 15 years. The
male is larger and more brightly colored than the female. This is common feature in birds. The
males show off their colorful feathers to attract the females.
A chicken has a comb on the head and two wattles under the neck. The male has a larger comb
compared to the female. The male is called a rooster. The female is called a hen while the young
are called chicks. The female is usually ready to lay her first eggs when she is around six months
old. Chickens eat worms, insects, seeds, grains, snails, slugs, fruits, vegetables and many other
foods. The gizzard which is a part of the stomach contains tiny stones to help grind up the food.
(Identification, description)
Practice Item:
KANGAROO
Kangaroos are the planet’s largest marsupials, a variety of mammal in which offspring, called
joeys, undergo most of their development inside an exterior pouch on the mother’s abdomen.
Kangaroos reside exclusively in Australia and nearby islands, including Tasmania. Highly social
animals, kangaroos typically live and travel in groups.
Males of the largest kangaroo species, the red kangaroo, can be up to 1,8 meter tall and weigh 90
kilograms. In all species, females are smaller than males. Male red kangaroos have a maroon-
colored coat; female red kangaroos are bluish-gray. All red kangaroos have a white stripe on
each side of their faces. The western gray and eastern gray kangaroo both have silver hair, but
the latter’s coat is longer and lighter in color. All kangaroos have strong hind legs and
conspicuously large feet. They cannot move one leg independently of the other and must
therefore get around by hopping. A sturdy tail that ranges from 0,7 to 1 meter in length
depending on the species helps them maintain their balance while they hop.
1. Which is the identification of the text?
2. Which is the description of the text?
Feedback:
Explain the reason why the first paragraph is the identification and the second paragraph is the
description of the text.
b. Objective: The students are able to identify the language features of descriptive texts.
Information Presentation
Information:
Language Feature of Descriptive Text and the Example.
• Specific participant : has a certain object, is not common and unique (only one). for
example: Bandengan beach, my house, Borobudur temple, uncle Jim
• The use of the adjective (an adjective) to clarify the noun, for example: a beautiful beach,
a handsome man, the famous place in Banyuwangi, etc.
• The use of simple present tense: The sentence pattern used is simple present because it
tells the fact of the object described.
• Action verb: verbs that show an activity (for example, run, sleep, walk, cut etc.)
Practice Item: Choose one of the four choices that you think is the right answer then cross (x) on
your chosen answer!
My cat ____ happily whenever I bring her outside.
a. To run
b. Run
c. Runs
d. Running
Feedback:
Explain why the answer is C (runs).
c. Objective: The students are able to mention the social function of descriptive texts about
people/animals/things, very short and simple.
Information Presentation
Information
The social function of descriptive text are to describe a particular person, animal, place or thing.
The example:
TIGER
Tigers are the largest felines in the world. Many cultures consider the tiger to be a symbol of
strength and courage. However, because hunting them is also a sign of bravery in some cultures,
tigers are endangered; no more than 3,200 tigers are left in the wild.
Tigers have distinctive stripes, which help camouflage them when hunting prey. Some tigers
have orange fur with black stripes; others are black with tan stripes, white with tan stripes or all
white (albino).
On average, tigers are 1.5 to 2.9 m long and weigh around 75 to 325 kilograms. The largest
tigers, the Siberian, also called Amur, are 3.3 meters long and weigh 300 kg. The smallest tiger is
the Sumatran tiger. They grow to 1.5 to 3.7 m and weigh around 65 to 305 kg. Tigers also have
very long tails, which can add 0.7 to 1.1 m to their overall length.
What is the social function of the text above?
Answer: The social function of the text is to describe a tiger and tell the reader about the
characteristics of tiger.
Practice item:
THE COW
Cows are very useful to mankind, in supplying them with milk from which both butter and
cheese are made.
Their young ones are called calves, and the flesh of calves is veal. A good Cow will give about
fifteen or more quarts of milk a day, but much depends upon the quality of the pasture she feeds
upon. Her age is told by her horns; after she is three years old a ring is formed every year at the
root of the horn, so that by counting the number of circles, her age may be exactly known.
Cows are sometimes prettily marked with black, brown, and yellow spots, and, as they lie
scattered about a green meadow, add much to the charms of a landscape.
What is the social function of the text above?
Feedback:
State why the answer is to describe the cow and mention what is explained in the text about
cows.