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Chapter 2c - Piles

This document discusses uplift resistance and pullout capacity of piles in both cohesionless and cohesive soils. It provides equations to calculate uplift resistance of single piles and pile groups. It also provides example calculations and discusses factors that affect uplift resistance such as pile installation, soil properties, and load transfer mechanism.

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Nishanthan Ravin
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22 views12 pages

Chapter 2c - Piles

This document discusses uplift resistance and pullout capacity of piles in both cohesionless and cohesive soils. It provides equations to calculate uplift resistance of single piles and pile groups. It also provides example calculations and discusses factors that affect uplift resistance such as pile installation, soil properties, and load transfer mechanism.

Uploaded by

Nishanthan Ravin
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Uplift forces

Uplift resistance
Uplift resistance in cohesionless soil
𝐿
𝑄𝑓 = 𝑝𝐾𝑡𝑎𝑛𝛿 න 𝜎𝑣′ 𝑑𝑧
0

𝐿
2
𝑃𝑢 = 𝑝𝐾𝑡𝑎𝑛𝛿 න 𝜎𝑣′ 𝑑𝑧 + 𝑤𝑝
3 0

• Submerged weight of the pile should be considered in the zone where the pile
length is below the water table.
• For pile group, block failure should also be considered.
• Exact size and shape of the block depends on loads transfer mechanism
• Load transfer mechanism depends on;
• pile installation
• pile properties
• soil properties including the degree of layering
• pullout resistance of pile group is lower of the following two values
• 𝑃𝐺,𝐴𝐿𝐿 = No of piles x 𝑃𝐴𝐿𝐿
• Effective weight of the soil bound by the trapezoid form base to the top
with sides inclined at 750 from the horizontal.
• FS =3 usually used to calculate the allowable pull-out capacity.
Example

• A 300 mm diameter steel pipe pile was driven in a cohesionless soil.


The pile was 9m long. 𝛾 = 19.8 𝑘𝑁/𝑚3 , ∅ = 300 . GWT was found at
the surface.
• Estimate its allowable pullout capacity of the single pile.
• assume that there are nine (3 x 3)similar piles arranged in a group.
Estimate the pullout capacity of the group.
Uplift resistance in cohesive soil
𝐿
𝑄𝑓 = 𝑝 න 𝑐𝑎 𝑑𝑧
0

𝐿𝑒
𝑃𝑢 = 𝑝 න 𝑐𝑎 𝑑𝑧 + 𝑤𝑝
0

𝐿𝑒 = 𝐿 − 𝑑𝑒𝑝𝑡ℎ 𝑜𝑓 𝑠𝑒𝑎𝑠𝑜𝑛𝑎𝑙 𝑐ℎ𝑎𝑛𝑔𝑒 − 𝑑𝑒𝑝𝑡ℎ 𝑜𝑓 𝑠𝑜𝑓𝑡 𝑧𝑜𝑛𝑒s

• pullout resistance of pile group is lower of the following two


values
• 𝑃𝐺,𝐴𝐿𝐿 = No of piles x 𝑃𝐴𝐿𝐿
• uplift resistance of the block of the soil enclosed by the pile group
• Cohesion along the block
• Weight of the enclosed in the group.
Example

• A 300 mm diameter steel pipe pile was driven in a cohesive soil. The
pile was 9m long. 𝛾 = 19.8 𝑘𝑁/𝑚3 ,undrained shear strength = 50
kPa. GWT was found at the surface.
• Estimate its allowable pullout capacity of the single pile.
• assume that there are nine (3 x 3)similar piles arranged in a group.
Estimate the pullout capacity of the group.
Pullout Capacity of Belled Piles

• Can not be controlled with reliability in cohesionless soil. Pull-out tests


are the only reliable method to estimate the pullout capacity.

• Pullout Capacity in cohesive soil can be estimated by using lower of the


following two values
• The base resistance of the pile will be the ultimate uplift bearing capacity at the
annular area between the bell and the shaft.

• The shaft resistance along a cylindrical surface with diameter average of bell.

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