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Global Wealth University

This document discusses the challenges of press freedom in dictatorship regimes. It notes that while freedom of the press is protected in democratic societies, dictatorships seek to control the media and limit criticism. The media plays an important role in holding governments accountable, but dictatorships censor the press and restrict what they can report on. Ensuring media independence and freedom remains an ongoing challenge where political powers control and censor media content.

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64 views8 pages

Global Wealth University

This document discusses the challenges of press freedom in dictatorship regimes. It notes that while freedom of the press is protected in democratic societies, dictatorships seek to control the media and limit criticism. The media plays an important role in holding governments accountable, but dictatorships censor the press and restrict what they can report on. Ensuring media independence and freedom remains an ongoing challenge where political powers control and censor media content.

Uploaded by

favour pinky quin
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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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GLOBAL WEALTH UNIVERSITY

BAGUIDA
LOME-TOGO
TERM PAPER
TOPIC: CHALLENGES OF PRESS FREEDOM IN
DICTATORSHIP
BY: EUNICE ISRAEL UGWUMBA
DEPARTMENT OF: MEDIA AND MASS
COMMUNICATION
LEVEL 100
REFERENCES
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
ABSTRACT
In this report paper, we develop a theory of media freedom in dictatorship.
Every dictator dislikes free media. Media freedom and independence are the
pillars of a given democratic society. Since the media makes up the bridge
between the political authority and the public opinion; its independence is
crucial for the survival of democracy. However, the history of the media has
always been paved with obstacles of kinds. This paper examines the obstacles
to the freedom and independence of the media in the world in general in
general. (and turkey in particular).

The critical political economy of the media was used as theoretical framework
for the study and as for the method; a qualitative analysis of secondary data
was performed. The exiating literature showed that media concentration
ownership, commercial stakes, and political interference make up the main
obstacles to media freedom and independence in the world.

Also, the literature revealed that political interference, economic states and
the legal framework in which the media operate consists of the main obstacles
to media freedom and independence in turkey. It was revealed that even in
countries where freedom of expressions is guaranted by the constitution, the
media still struggle to maintain a complete independent editorical policy. The
negative world trends in democracy in the world. The rise of electronic
journalism contributed significantlu to the freedom and independence of the
media. However, political power and digital capital control the media content.
Which often leads to cencorship.

NB: media freedom, media independence, political interference, economics


stakes, legal framework.
INTRODUCTION
The media makes up one of the most important mediations in a stste of law.
To maintain harmonious relationships between the citizen and the leaders of a
given society, the media must be free economic and political interference.
However, the relationships between the media and politics often denote either
contradiction between modes to politics. In a state of law, contradictory ideas
are key to collective deliberation. In contrast, an authocratic regime does not
allow debates and public discussions when making decisions that concern its
citizens. Despite the efforts made human right organization and media
associations. The challenge of media independence and freedom remains a
free journey in the society shaped by class struggles, the main stream media
makeup the voice of the voice of the ruling class. Thus the link between media
groups and capital endangers the media’s editorial freedom. Also alternative
madia whih often lack financial resources. Fail to survive in a country where
the stste is more powerful than the political ruler, freedom and independence
of the modission institutions are not endangered, in contract, in a country
where the ruler is more powerful than the state.

The media fails under the control of political power. Whether regarded as a
democratic mediation agency or as an ideological state apparatus the media
has always played an important role in shaping the world view of a given
society. Therefore, the desire for a political ruler to control the media lies in
the important of the media. This control is often translated into restrictions
and censorship.

Since the invention of the book, the media has been as the center of the media
has been as the center of the struggle for democratic societies. The media
makeup the necessary condition of democracy, allowing ideas to control freely.
The claims for press freedom started in the seventeenth century.

However, it took more than a century for this claim to appeal in law books.
Sweden was the first country in the world to establish press laws in 1766,
prohibition of restricting the right to broadcast is part of the country’s
constitution.
In 1776, the state of Virginia followed Swedes path Virginia’s law act. The basic
law of the stste states that do government can block the expression of press
freedom later, the US constitutions adopted this principles. The first
amendment to the American constitution voted in 1791, stipulates that
congress will not make any law restricting the press or freedom of expressions.
Challenges of press freedom in
dictatorship regime
Freedom of the press:- or freedom of the media is the fundamental principle
that communicate and expression through various media, including printed
and electronic media, especially published materials, should be considered a
right to be exercised freely.

The freedom of the press, protected by the first amendments, is a critical to a


democracy in which the government is accountable to the people. A free
media functions as a watch dog that can investigste and report on government
wrong doing. It is also a vibrant market place at ideas, a vehicle for ordinary
citizens to express themselves and gain exposure to a wide range of
information and opinion. The rise of the national security state and
proliferation of new surveillance technologies have created new challenges to
media freedom. The government has launched an unprecedented crackdown
on whistle blowers, and targeting journalists in order to find their sources.
Whistle blowers face prosecutions under the world war one – era espionage
act for the leaks to the press in the public interest. And in the face of a
growing surveillance apparatus, journalists must go to new lengths to protect
sources and, by extension, the public’s right to know.

WHAT’S AT STAKE?

When the press freedom is harmed, it is much harder to hold our


governorment accountable when it missteps or over reaches. But the ACLU has
played a central in defending the freedom of the press, from our role in the
landmarks pentagon papers case to our defense of whistle blowers Edwards
snow den, and our advocacy for a new media shield law.
What is freedom of the press?

There is a little agreement on what media freedom means and aside from basic
questions of journalist protection, what positive obligations states have to
protect and promote it. One of the key international tendencies of late is a
birfucation between the world of these increasingly influential international
human rights standards which support a separate media freedom right, and
the US first amendment which does not.

Much US first Amendment jurisprudence is against special rights for journalism


or the media, but the ECHR and the international human rights system is more
open to the notion that law should protect a watchdog media through specific
privileges such as source protection and support for journalism. As the world’s
democracies seek global principles for regulations of new media, this
international divergence is a problem.

I will argue for a notion freedom that can and should provide the normative
beacon around which a renewed politics of media reform and institutions
building can be organized, but we need to agree the basic tenets of such a
theory, as a compromise between divergent legal and philosophical traditions.

This article is split into 5 parts. In the first section I mention some of what I see
as contradictions and confusions in current ideas of, and legal frameworks for,
media freedom, and it’s relation to freedom of expression. I ask in the second
section why this matters. Why it might be useful or necessary to have a clearer
theory of freedom of the media to help resolve these. Then I present an
argument that there are in fact two cultures of freedom of the media, and I am
going to explain why one of them is no longer sustainable. I will briefly

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