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Activities Items Score

1 16
2 4
MATHEMATICS │ Fourth Quarter – Statistics │ Week 3 3 4
(dito na po sa module magsasagot) 4 7
Objectives: 5 14
1. Uses appropriate graphs to represent organized data: pie chart,
Total 45
bar graph andline graph.
Organizing Data Using Graphs
1. PIE GRAPH
A pie graph can also be called pie chart. It is represented
by a circle that is divided into slices to show relative sizes of data.
The slices are known as sectors.
A pie graph must have the following parts:
1) Title of the Pie Graph
2) Sectors that are arranged from largest
to smallest percentage in a clockwise
direction from the origin.
How to Make a Pie Graph by Yourself
For example:

You make a survey of your friends in school to find

out the kind of music they like best. The data gathered
are shown in the table.

Step 1: Make a table from the given data and add all the Step 2: To get a percent, divide each value by the
values. total and multiply by 100.

Step 3: Multiply the percent by 360 to find the number of Step 4. We are now ready to start drawing the
degrees for each category. pie chart.
Use a compass to draw a circle.

Step 5. Then use your protractor to measure the Step 6. Finish up by labelling each sector with
degrees of each sector and continue with the rest of the percentage and the name of each data.
the sectors.
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Activity 1. A. Directions. Complete the table below to make a pie graph showing the favorite snack of
50 Grade 7 students. (16 points)
Favorite Snack No. of Students Percent of the Total Angle of Sector

10
Siopao 10 50
× 100 = 20% 20%× 360° = 72°

Sandwich 5

Pancake 10

Camote Cue 10

Banana Cue 15

Total 50 100 % 360°

2. BAR GRAPH
Bar graph is used for making direct visual comparison of data with spaces between bars. Study
the discussion below. A bar graph can be presented as horizontal or vertical bars.

How to Make a Bar Graph by Yourself

For example:
Your school is having an intramural, and as a
basketball fan you are making a survey of the heights
of 16 members in a basketball team. The data
gathered are shown in the table.

Step 1. Using the given data, decide the title of your Step 2. Draw a rectangular bar for each
graph, write the frequency on the vertical scale and category, and its length will base on the
place the categories in the horizontal scale when corresponding frequency.
using a vertical bar graph.

Remember:
The given data can also be shown in a
horizontal bar graph as shown.
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Activity 2. Directions. Complete the bar graph below based on the given data. (4 points)

The table on the right represents the hobbies

of fifty girls in Grade 7 classes during the
Enhanced Community Quarantine (ECQ).

Draw a vertical bar graph showing the given data in your answer sheet. The first bar is done for you.
Use crayons to shade the bars.

3. LINE GRAPH

Line graph is useful in presenting data that

indicate changes over a period of time. Data
like changes in temperature, income,
population, and the like can be presented by
a line graph. Study the discussion below.

In a line graph, data are represented

by points and are joined by line segments. The
composition in the vertical and horizontal
scale changes depending upon the given
situation.

How to Make a Line Graph by Yourself

For example:
It is almost end of the school year, as a
deserving student, you are requested by the
guidance’s counselor to pass your grades in
the core subjects of third quarter for
scholarship purposes.
Step 1. Write the frequency on the vertical scale and Step 2. Plot and connect each data to form the line
place the time or categories in the horizontal scale. graph.
The line graph should have a title, labels on both the
horizontal and vertical scales, and heading for each
scale.
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Activity 3. Directions. Complete the line graph below based on the given data. (4 points)
The table on the right shows the favorite fruit of
100 boys in Grade 7 classes.

Draw a line graph showing the given data in your answer sheet. The first two points are done for you.

4. HISTOGRAM
Histogram is a graph that displays
quantitative data by using continuous vertical bars
(bar graph) of various heights to represent the
frequencies of the classes. The nature of histogram
is a bar graph with no spaces between.
Histograms are used to summarize large data
sets graphically and compare measurements to
specifications.
Parts of Histogram
Title - The title briefly describes the information that is
contained in the histogram.
Vertical or y – axis - The vertical or y – axis is the scale
that shows you the number of times the values within an interval occurred.
Horizontal or x – axis - The horizontal or x – axis shows you the scale of values into which the
measurement fit.
Bars- The bars have two important characteristics, the height and width. The height represents
the number of times the values within an interval occurred. The width represents the length of
the interval covered by the bar. It is the same for all bars.
How to Make a Histogram by Yourself
For Example
The following is a data in tabular form on
the collection of shoes of thirty-five (35) Grade
7 students at Bernardo Lirio High School.

Step 1: Use the given data from the table. Step 2: Place the data intervals along the horizontal axis.
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Step 3: Mark the number of frequencies on Step 4: Draw rectangles for each interval. The height of
the vertical axis. the rectangle tells the number of frequencies for that
interval.

Activity 4. Directions. Complete the histogram on below based on the given data.
Use crayons to shade the bars. (7 points)

Scores Number of Students

0 – 10 2
10 – 20 5
20 – 30 20
30 – 40 17
40 – 50 28
50 – 60 10
60 – 70 11
70 – 80 7

5. OGIVE
Ogive is a line graph where cumulative frequency of each
class is plotted against the class boundary. An ogive graph
is a type of frequency polygon that shows cumulative
frequencies.
Parts of an Ogive
Title - The title identifies the population or sample.
Vertical or y – axis A vertical or y – axis is the scale which is
used to identify the cumulative frequencies.
Horizontal or x – axis A horizontal or x – axis is the scale
which is used to identify the upper or lower class boundaries.

Curve Rising or falling curve which is used to determine how many data values lie above or below a
particular value in a data set.
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Study this example and find out how to compute the cumulative frequency.
Cumulative Frequency Table showing the marks obtained by students in a test

How to Make an Ogive Yourself

For Example
Let us follow these steps in constructing a
less than ogive given the following data
on the weekly allowance of forty (40) students:
Step 1 Prepare a frequency distribution table with Step 2 Add a column for the upper limit of the
overlapping class intervals to make the class intervals.
distribution continuous.

Step 3 Add a less than cumulative frequency Step 4 In the graph, put the upper limit in the x –
column (<cf). axis.

Step 5 Mark the less than cumulative frequency Step 6 Plot the points (x,y) using upper limits(x)
on the y – axis. and their corresponding cumulative frequency(y).
Step 7 Join the points by a smooth freehand curve. 13
It looks like an upside- down S.

Activity 5. Directions. Using the given data below on the Post-test scores of seventy (70) Grade 7
students, (a) complete the cumulative frequency table and (b) draw it’s less than ogive graph.

(a) complete the cumulative frequency table (7 points)

Marks Frequency Marks Frequency Upper Limit Less Than Cumulative

0 – 10 3 Frequency
10 – 20 5 ( <cf )
20 – 30 6 0-10 3 10 3
30 – 40 7 10-20 5 5 8
40 – 50 8
50 – 60 9 20-30 6
60 – 70 10 30-40 7
70 – 80 12
80 – 90 6 40-50 8
90 – 100 4 50-60 9
60-70 10
70-80 12
80-90 6
90-100 4 100 70

b. Less than Ogive graph (give the title, x and y axis and the curve)(7 points)

(10,3)

(Your answer should look like this)