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Vehicle Maintenance CH

Preventative maintenance, also called routine maintenance, involves periodic service work performed on a vehicle to keep it functioning correctly for a long time. It typically includes tasks like engine oil changes, filter replacements, tire rotations, brake and suspension inspections, and safety checks. Items are usually serviced every 6 months or 5,000-10,000 miles. Prior to any service work, technicians inspect the vehicle for damage and document any issues found.

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46 views3 pages

Vehicle Maintenance CH

Preventative maintenance, also called routine maintenance, involves periodic service work performed on a vehicle to keep it functioning correctly for a long time. It typically includes tasks like engine oil changes, filter replacements, tire rotations, brake and suspension inspections, and safety checks. Items are usually serviced every 6 months or 5,000-10,000 miles. Prior to any service work, technicians inspect the vehicle for damage and document any issues found.

Uploaded by

seifu hailemariam
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Preventative maintenance (PM)

Preventive maintenance means periodic service work performed on a vehicle that will help keep
it functioning correctly for a long time. Preventative maintenance is also called routine
maintenance because it is usually performed on a set scheduled routine. The interval specified
for preventative maintenance is often expressed in time and miles (km)
such as:

 Every six months (could be longer for many vehicles)


 Every 5,000 to 10,000 miles (8,000 to 16,000 km) depending on the vehicle and how it is
being operated

ITEMS REQUIRING PREVENTIVE MAINTENANCE The items or systems that require


routine maintenance include:
1. Engine oil and oil filter replacement
2. Air and cabin filter replacement
3. Tire inflation pressure check, inspection, and rotation
4. Brake and suspension system inspection
5. Underhood inspection and fluid checks
6. Under-vehicle inspection and fluid checks
7. Air-conditioning system inspection and service
8. Safety inspection, such as all lights and windshield wiper blades
9. Routine cleaning of vehicle both inside and out

PRE-SERVICE INSPECTION Prior to any service work, it is wise to check the vehicle for
damage and document the work order if any damage is found.

The designated person should check the vehicle for the following:
1. Body damage
2. Missing wheel covers
3. Glass damage such as a cracked windshield
4. Any faults in the paint or trim
5. Valid license plates

Although some exhaust smoke is considered normal operation for many diesel engines,
especially older units, the cause of excessive exhaust smoke should be diagnosed and repaired.

BLACK SMOKE Black exhaust smoke is caused by incomplete combustion because of a lack
of air or a fault in the injection system that could cause an excessive amount of fuel in the
cylinders. Items that should be checked include the following:
# Fuel specific gravity (API gravity)
# Injector balance test to locate faulty injectors using a scan tool
# Proper operation of the engine coolant temperature (ECT) sensor
# Proper operation of the fuel rail pressure (FRP) sensor
# Restrictions in the intake or turbocharger
# Engine oil usage
WHITE SMOKE White exhaust smoke occurs most often during cold engine starts because the
smoke is usually condensed fuel droplets. White exhaust smoke is also an indication of cylinder
misfire on a warm engine. The most common causes of white exhaust smoke include:
# Inoperative glow plugs
# Low engine compression
# Incorrect injector spray pattern
# Coolant leak into the combustion chamber
GRAY OR BLUE SMOKE Blue exhaust smoke is usually due to oil consumption caused by
worn piston rings, scored cylinder walls, or defective valve stem seals. Gray or blue smoke can
also be caused by a defective injector(s).

COMPRESSION TESTING

A compression test is fundamental for determining the mechanical condition of a diesel engine.
Worn piston rings can cause low power and excessive exhaust smoke. To test the compression
on a diesel engine, the following will have to be done.

 Remove the glow plug (if equipped) or the injector.


 Use a diesel compression gauge, as the compression is too
high to use a gasoline engine compression gauge.

A diesel engine should produce at least 300 PSI (2,068 kPa) of compression pressure and all
cylinders should be within 50 PSI (345 kPa) of each other
Fig 1.0 A compression gauge that is designed for the higher compression rate of a diesel engine
should be used when checking the compression.

COMMON CAUSES OF OVERHEATING Overheating can be caused by defects in the


cooling system, such as the following:
1. Low coolant level
2. Plugged, dirty, or blocked radiator
3. Defective fan clutch or electric fan
4. Incorrect ignition timing (if adjustable)
5. Low engine oil level
6. Broken fan drive belt
7. Defective radiator cap
8. Dragging brakes
9. Frozen coolant (in freezing weather)

10. Defective thermostat


11. Defective water pump (the impeller slipping on the shaftinternally)
12. Blocked cooling passages in the block or cylinder head(s)

ENGINE LUBRICATION SYSTEMS

Engine oil is the lifeblood of any engine. The purposes of a lubrication system include the
following:
1. Lubricating all moving parts to prevent wear
2. Helping to cool the engine
3. Helping to seal piston rings
4. Cleaning, and holding dirt in suspension in the oil until it can be drained from the engine
5. Neutralizing acids that are formed as the result of the combustion process
6. Reducing friction
7. Preventing rust and corrosion

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