BS EN 363:2018

BSI Standards Publication

Personal fall protection equipment -

Personal fall protection systems
BS EN 363:2018 BRITISH STANDARD

National foreword
This British Standard is the UK implementation of EN 363:2018.
It supersedes BS EN 363:2008, which is withdrawn.
BSI, as a member of CEN, is obliged to publish EN 363:2018 as a British
Standard. However, attention is drawn to the fact that during the
development of this European Standard, the UK committee voted against
its approval as a European Standard.
WARNING
In the opinion of the UK committee, this European standard offers
unsound and conflicting advice on the choice of the body holding device
as worn by users of work positioning systems. By following this advice,
users of these systems may be at serious risk of injury in the event of a
fall from a height.
The UK committee therefore strongly advises that the recommendations
on the choice of body holding device as worn by users of work
positioning systems, provided in National Annex NA, are followed to
avoid potential accidents.
The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to Technical
Committee PH/5, Personal Fall Protection.
A list of organizations represented on this committee can be obtained on
request to its secretary.
This publication does not purport to include all the necessary provisions
of a contract. Users are responsible for its correct application.
© The British Standards Institution 2019
Published by BSI Standards Limited 2019
ISBN 978 0 580 93709 5
ICS 13.340.60
Compliance with a British Standard cannot confer immunity from
legal obligations.
This British Standard was published under the authority of the Standards
Policy and Strategy Committee on 31May 2019.

Amendments/corrigenda issued since publication

Date Text affected
 BS EN 363:2018

EUROPEAN STANDARD EN 363

NORME EUROPÉENNE
EUROPÄISCHE NORM December 2018

ICS 13.340.60 Supersedes EN 363:2008

English Version

Personal fall protection equipment - Personal fall

protection systems
Équipement de protection individuelle contre les Persönliche Absturzschutzausrüstung - Persönliche
chutes de hauteur - Systèmes individuels de protection Absturzschutzsysteme
contre les chutes

This European Standard was approved by CEN on 15 July 2018.

CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this
European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references
concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN
member.

This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by
translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management
Centre has the same status as the official versions.

CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia,
Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania,
Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland,
Turkey and United Kingdom.

EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION

COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION
EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG

CEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Rue de la Science 23, B-1040 Brussels

© 2018 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved Ref. No. EN 363:2018 E
worldwide for CEN national Members.
BS EN 363:2018
EN 363:2018 (E)

Contents Page

European foreword....................................................................................................................................................... 3
Introduction .................................................................................................................................................................... 4
1 Scope .................................................................................................................................................................... 5
2 Normative references .................................................................................................................................... 5
3 Terms and definitions ................................................................................................................................... 5
3.1 Categories .......................................................................................................................................................... 5
3.2 Systems ............................................................................................................................................................... 5
3.3 General terms ................................................................................................................................................... 6
4 Personal fall protection systems ............................................................................................................... 6
4.1 General ................................................................................................................................................................ 6
4.2 Specific types of personal fall protection systems .............................................................................. 7
4.2.1 Restraint system .............................................................................................................................................. 7
4.2.2 Work positioning system ............................................................................................................................. 8
4.2.3 Rope access system...................................................................................................................................... 10
4.2.4 Fall arrest system ......................................................................................................................................... 12
4.2.5 Rescue system ............................................................................................................................................... 16
Annex A (informative) Significant technical changes between this document and
EN 363:2008 ................................................................................................................................................... 19
Annex B (informative) Background and rationale for the changes in this European
Standard .......................................................................................................................................................... 20
Bibliography ................................................................................................................................................................. 21

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 BS EN 363:2018
EN 363:2018 (E)

European foreword

This document (EN 363:2018) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 160 “Protection
against falls from height including working belts”, the secretariat of which is held by DIN.

This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an
identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by June 2019, and conflicting national standards shall be
withdrawn at the latest by June 2019.

Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights. CEN shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.

This document supersedes EN 363:2008.

Annex A provides details of significant technical changes between this document and the previous
edition.

According to the CEN-CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organisations of the
following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria,
Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia,
France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta,
Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland,
Turkey and the United Kingdom.

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BS EN 363:2018
EN 363:2018 (E)

Introduction

The European product standards for personal fall protection equipment that have been published
through CEN/TC 160 “Protection against falls from height including working belts” specify product
requirements and test methods for components, which are intended to be assembled to form personal
fall protection systems.
This European Standard describes characteristics and principles for the assembly of personal fall
protection systems in general, and, specifically, for restraint, work positioning, fall arrest, rope access
and rescue systems. For the benefit of the user, examples of systems are provided, including figures to
illustrate the various systems.
This European Standard does not give product requirements and test methods. Product requirements
for conformity assessment are defined in the product standards.
This European Standard does not define the use of personal fall protection systems, but the
recommendations and examples given in this European Standard are based on a common practice of
using personal fall protection systems. When a personal fall protection system is used, a system that
prevents a fall is preferable to a system that arrests a fall.

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EN 363:2018 (E)

1 Scope
This document specifies the general characteristics and assembly of personal fall protection systems. It
gives examples for the specific types of personal fall protection systems and describes how components
may be assembled into systems.

2 Normative references
There are no normative references in this document.

3 Terms and definitions

For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply.
3.1 Categories

3.1.1
fall arrest
prevention of the user of a personal fall protection system from colliding with the ground, structure, or
any other obstacle during a free fall

3.1.2
fall prevention
prevention of the user of a personal fall protection system from going into a free fall

3.2 Systems

3.2.1
personal fall protection system
assembly of components intended to protect the user against falls from a height, including a body
holding device and an attachment system, which can be connected to a reliable anchorage point

Note 1 to entry: Excludes systems for professional and private sports activities.

Note 2 to entry: The attachment system may include an anchor device.

Note 3 to entry: A body holding device may be, for example, a full body harness, sit harness, work positioning
belt, rescue harness, rescue loop.

3.2.1.1
restraint system
personal fall protection system which prevents the user from reaching zones where the risk of a fall
from a height exists

3.2.1.2
work positioning system
personal fall protection system which enables the user to work in tension or suspension in such a way
that a free fall is prevented

3.2.1.3
rope access system
personal fall protection system which enables the user to get to and from the place of work in such a
way that a free fall is prevented or arrested, by using a working line and a safety line, connected
separately to anchor points

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EN 363:2018 (E)

3.2.1.4
fall arrest system
personal fall protection system which limits the impact force on the body of the user during fall arrest

3.2.1.5
rescue system
personal fall protection system by which a person can rescue themselves or others, in such a way that a
free fall is prevented

3.3 General terms

3.3.1
element
part of a component

Note 1 to entry: Ropes, attachment elements and fastening elements are examples of elements.

3.3.2
component
part of a system at a point of sale by the manufacturer, supplied with packaging, marking and
information supplied by the manufacturer

Note 1 to entry: Harnesses and lanyards are examples of components.

4 Personal fall protection systems

4.1 General

Personal fall protection systems protect the user against falls from a height by either preventing or
arresting free falls. They include:
— restraint systems;

— work positioning systems;

— rope access systems;

— fall arrest systems;

— rescue systems.

Characteristics
A personal fall protection system consists of an assembly of components that can be connected either
separably or inseparably.
A personal fall protection system includes a body holding device which is attached to a reliable
anchorage point via an attachment system, which consists of one or more components that are normally
included in the system in accordance with its intended use (e.g. lanyards, connectors, fall arresters,
anchor devices).
Assembly
When combining components into a personal fall protection system, aspects to be taken into account
shall at least include:

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EN 363:2018 (E)

— suitability of components for the intended use of the personal fall protection system, taking into
account all the different phases of use (e.g. access, work);

— the characteristics of the workplace (e.g. inclination of workplace, position of anchor point,
environmental aspects);

— the intended user (e.g. level of competence);

— compatibility of components (e.g. interaction between the anchor device and energy absorbing or
arrest functions of other components);

— ergonomic considerations, e.g. by choosing the correct harness and attachment elements to
minimize discomfort and stress to the body;

— limitations of use (e.g. as stated in the information supplied by the manufacturer);

— the need to facilitate safe and effective rescue operations (e.g. to prevent suspension trauma);

— characteristics of the anchorage, e.g. location and strength.

Any component used in a personal fall protection system shall be designed and tested for the intended
purpose.
Suitable connectors would be connectors conforming to EN 362, if they are used as components.
Suitable anchor devices would be anchor devices conforming to EN 795 or CEN/TS 16415.
Components may be used in various types of personal fall protection systems, as long as they are
suitable for the specific purpose. Information supplied by the manufacturer for all components shall be
taken into account and additional information on the system should be drawn up, if applicable.
4.2 Specific types of personal fall protection systems
4.2.1 Restraint system

A restraint system prevents falls from a height by restricting the travel of the user.
For an example of a restraint system, see Figure 1.
Characteristics
A restraint system:
— restricts the travel of the user, so that he/she is prevented from reaching zones where a fall from a
height could occur;

— is not intended to arrest a fall from a height;

— is not intended for situations where the user needs support from the body holding device (e.g. work
in tension or suspension).

Assembly
A suitable body holding device would be a waist belt conforming to EN 358, a sit harness conforming to
EN 813 or a full body harness conforming to EN 361.
A suitable lanyard would be a restraint or work positioning lanyard conforming to EN 358 or a lanyard
conforming to EN 354.

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EN 363:2018 (E)

A restraint system shall be assembled in such a way that the user is prevented from reaching zones
where the risk of a fall from a height exists, by selecting the maximum length of lanyard in combination
with the position and deflection of the anchor device.

Key
1 anchor device
2 body holding device (waist belt)
3 lanyard

Figure 1 — Example of a restraint system

4.2.2 Work positioning system

A work positioning system enables the user to work supported in tension or suspension in such a way
that a free fall is prevented.
For examples of work positioning systems, see Figures 2 and 3.
Characteristics
A work positioning system:
— prevents the free fall of the user;

— enables the user to position himself/herself at the workplace.

Assembly
A suitable body holding device would be a belt for work positioning conforming to EN 358, a sit harness
conforming to EN 813, or a work positioning belt conforming to EN 358 integrated in a full body
harness conforming to EN 361. A sit harness or a belt for work positioning integrated in a full body
harness would be preferable to a belt for work positioning used on its own, e.g. for ergonomic reasons
and to provide for attachment elements for rescue.
A suitable lanyard would be a work positioning lanyard conforming to EN 358 or an adjustable lanyard
conforming to EN 354.
In work positioning systems, the user normally relies on the equipment for support. Therefore, a back-
up should exist, e.g. edge protection, a fall arrest system.

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 BS EN 363:2018
EN 363:2018 (E)

Key
1 anchor device (on a roof)
2 body holding device (sit harness)
3 work positioning lanyard
4 length adjustment device of the work positioning lanyard
5 edge protection as back-up (not part of the work positioning system)

Figure 2 — Example of a work positioning system

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BS EN 363:2018
EN 363:2018 (E)

Key
1 anchorage (wooden pole)
2 body holding device (waist belt integrated in a full body harness)
3 work positioning lanyard
4 length adjustment device of the work positioning lanyard
5 retractable type fall arrester as back-up (not part of the work positioning system)

Figure 3 — Example of a work positioning system

4.2.3 Rope access system

A rope access system enables the user to get to and from the workplace in tension or suspension in such
a way that a free fall is prevented or arrested.
For an example of a rope access system, see Figure 4.
Characteristics
A rope access system:
— gives access to and/or from the workplace in tension or suspension;
— prevents or arrests the free fall of the user;
— enables the user to move between higher and lower positions and may allow traversing;
— includes two different attachment points on the harness:
a low attachment point for connection to the rope adjustment device on the working line;

a fall arrest attachment point for connection to the rope adjustment device on the safety line;

— includes a working line and a safety line which are separately attached to the structure either
directly or by using anchor devices;

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 BS EN 363:2018
EN 363:2018 (E)

— includes rope adjustment devices that allow the user to change position along the working line and
the safety line;
— can be used for work positioning after the workplace has been reached;
— can be used for rescue of the user himself/herself or other persons.

Assembly
A suitable body holding device would be a full body harness conforming to EN 361 which also complies
with EN 813. A seat for comfort and stability should be considered.
NOTE 1 The body holding device can also incorporate an EN 358 waist belt for work positioning.

A suitable rope adjustment device on a working line would be a rope adjustment device conforming to
EN 12841:2006, type B or C.
A suitable rope adjustment device on a safety line would be a rope adjustment device conforming to
EN 12841:2006, type A.
NOTE 2 A guided type fall arrester including a flexible anchor line conforming to EN 353-2 can also be used
instead of a rope adjustment device on a safety line.

Suitable working lines and safety lines would be ropes conforming to EN 1891:1998, type A compatible
with the rope adjustment devices.
The connection to the user of both the working line and the safety line should always be via the harness,
even if a work seat is being used.

Key
1 anchor device
2 body holding device (combination of full body harness and sit harness)
3 working line
4 safety line
5 rope adjustment device (type C)
6 rope adjustment device (type A)
Figure 4 — Example of a rope access system

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EN 363:2018 (E)

4.2.4 Fall arrest system

A fall arrest system arrests a free fall and limits the impact force on the body of the user during fall
arrest.
For examples of fall arrest systems see Figures 5 to 9.
Characteristics
A fall arrest system:
— does not prevent a free fall;

— allows the user to reach areas or positions where the risk of a free fall exists, and when a free fall
occurs, it is arrested;

— limits the length of a fall and the impact force to a maximum of 6 kN;

— after fall arrest, holds the user in a suspended position in which he/she may await help if necessary.

Assembly
A suitable body holding device would only be a full body harness conforming to EN 361.
A suitable component to provide a fall arrest function would be:
— an energy absorber conforming to EN 355 which may be combined with a lanyard conforming to
EN 354; or

— a retractable type fall arrester conforming to EN 360; or

— a guided type fall arrester including an anchor line conforming to EN 353-1 or EN 353-2.

Components which provide a fall arrest function should not be used in a side by side arrangement
(i.e. parallel), as arrest loads could exceed 6 kN.
In order to make sure that the user does not collide with the ground or structure or other obstacle, the
minimum required clearance below the feet of the user has to be taken into consideration. This may be
done based on the information supplied by the manufacturer(s) of the components, in particular taking
account of possible interaction with the anchor device (e.g. due to the position and deflection of the
anchor device).

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EN 363:2018 (E)

Key
1 anchor device
2 full body harness
3 lanyard
4 energy absorber

Figure 5 — Example of a fall arrest system incorporating a lanyard and energy absorber

Key
1 anchor line of the anchor device
2 full body harness
3 lanyard
4 energy absorber
5 mobile anchor point of the anchor device

Figure 6 — Example of a fall arrest system incorporating a lanyard and energy absorber used on
an anchor device consisting of a horizontal anchor line and a mobile anchor point

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BS EN 363:2018
EN 363:2018 (E)

Key
1 anchor device
2 full body harness
3 housing of the retractable type fall arrester
4 retractable lanyard of the retractable type fall arrester

Figure 7 — Example of a fall arrest system incorporating a retractable type fall arrester

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EN 363:2018 (E)

Key
1 anchorage (e.g. a wall)
2 full body harness
3 guided type fall arrester
4 rigid anchor line (as part of guided type fall arrester)

Figure 8 — Example of a fall arrest system incorporating a guided type fall arrester including a
rigid anchor line

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BS EN 363:2018
EN 363:2018 (E)

Key
1 anchor device
2 full body harness
3 guided type fall arrester
4 flexible anchor line (as part of guided type fall arrester)

Figure 9 — Example of a fall arrest system incorporating a guided type fall arrester including a
flexible anchor line

4.2.5 Rescue system

A rescue system enables a person to rescue themselves or others and prevents a free fall.
For examples of rescue systems see Figures 10 and 11.
Characteristics
A rescue system:
— prevents a free fall of the rescuee during the rescue process;

— allows lifting or lowering of the rescuee to a place of safety.

Assembly
A suitable body holding device would be a rescue harness conforming to EN 1497 or a rescue loop
conforming to EN 1498.
If a rescue loop is used, class B conforming to EN 1498:2006 is recommended for ergonomic reasons.
A suitable device for lifting would be a rescue lifting device conforming to EN 1496. A suitable device for
lowering would be a descender device conforming to EN 341.

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 BS EN 363:2018
EN 363:2018 (E)

The system may employ components already used in another personal fall protection system, e.g. a full
body harness conforming to EN 361 already worn by the person to be rescued after fall arrest, a
retractable type fall arrester with a rescue lifting function conforming to EN 360 and EN 1496.
NOTE In rescue systems assembled and used for training purposes, it is important to provide a safety or
back-up system.

Key
1 anchor device
2 body holding device (rescue loop class B)
3 descender device

Figure 10 — Example of a rescue system incorporating a descender device

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EN 363:2018 (E)

Key
1 anchor device
2 body holding device (rescue harness)
3 rescue lifting device

Figure 11 — Example of a rescue system incorporating a rescue lifting device

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 BS EN 363:2018
EN 363:2018 (E)

Annex A
(informative)

Significant technical changes between this document and EN 363:2008

Table A.1 — Significant technical changes

Paragraph Changes
Introduction Clarification that the standard is not intended to be used
for conformity assessment.
2 Normative references deleted and numbering of the
following clauses adapted.
3.2 References to CEN/TC 160 standards added.
3.2.2 Assembly An explanation was added why belts for work positioning
on their own are not recommended.
Figures 1 to 11 Considerable improvements of the presentation of the
different systems.
Keys to Figures 1 to 11 The keys were amended for better understanding.
Bibliography Up-dated to reflect current CEN/TC 160 standards.
NOTE The technical changes referred to include the significant technical changes from the European
Standard revised but the list is not an exhaustive list of all modifications from the previous edition.

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EN 363:2018 (E)

Annex B
(informative)

Background and rationale for the changes in this European Standard

This annex provides explanatory information on the key points covered in this edition of the standard
and is intended to provide the reader with background information on the principles used, which form
the basis of this standard.
Table B.1 — Informative explanation of the key points arising from the revision of this standard

Clause/Subclause Rationale
Introduction The standard is not intended to be used as a basis for EC type
examination. It merely refers to the assembly of type-tested components
into personal fall protection systems. In the past, this apparently led to
misunderstandings, so that the point was clarified.
3.2 References to CEN/TC 160 standards were included to provide a better
link to the existing standards and possible combinations.

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 BS EN 363:2018
EN 363:2018 (E)

Bibliography

EN 341, Personal fall protection equipment - Descender devices for rescue

EN 353-1, Personal fall protection equipment — Guided type fall arresters including an anchor line —
Part 1: Guided type fall arresters including a rigid anchor line

EN 353-2, Personal protective equipment against falls from a height - Part 2: Guided type fall arresters
including a flexible anchor line

EN 354, Personal fall protection equipment - Lanyards

EN 355, Personal protective equipment against falls from a height - Energy absorbers

EN 358, Personal protective equipment for work positioning and prevention of falls from a height - Belts
for work positioning and restraint and work positioning lanyards

EN 360, Personal protective equipment against falls from a height - Retractable type fall arresters

EN 361, Personal protective equipment against falls from a height - Full body harnesses

EN 362, Personal protective equipment against falls from a height - Connectors

EN 365, Personal protective equipment against falls from a height - General requirements for instructions
for use, maintenance, periodic examination, repair, marking and packaging

EN 795, Personal fall protection equipment - Anchor devices

EN 813, Personal fall protection equipment - Sit harnesses

EN 1496, Personal fall protection equipment - Rescue lifting devices

EN 1497, Personal fall protection equipment - Rescue harnesses

EN 1498:2006, Personal fall protection equipment - Rescue loops

EN 12841:2006, Personal fall protection equipment - Rope access systems - Rope adjustment devices

CEN/TS 16415, Personal fall protection equipment - Anchor devices - Recommendations for anchor
devices for use by more than one person simultaneously

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BS EN 363:2018

National Annex NA
(informative)

UK Technical Committee PH/5: recommendations concerning

the choice of body holding device as worn by users of work
positioning systems

NA.1 Recommendations
NA.1.1 Fall-arrest system
Comprehensive information and guidance concerning work positioning systems is given in
BS 8437:2005+A1:2012. These systems allow a user to be partially or fully supported at their
workstation at height by anchored lines or ropes so that they have their hands free for work. However,
a fall from the workstation, for whatever reason, may result in serious or fatal injuries because work
positioning systems are incapable of safely arresting a fall on their own. Furthermore, if the system
itself fails then a fall to the ground will ensue. To avoid these risks, the UK committee recommends that
a work positioning system be used in conjunction with a fall-arrest system, and this is legislated for in
The Working at Height Regulations 2005, Statutory Instrument No.735.

NA.1.2 Body holding device

Connection to both a work positioning and fall-arrest system by a user is via a body holding device.
For the fall-arrest system, the UK committee recommends the use of a full body harness as the body
holding device, as advised in BS 8437:2005+A1:2012. The committee does not recommend the use of
a waist belt or chest harness under any circumstances as these are known to have seriously or fatally
injured users in previous fall-accidents and sit harnesses (BS EN 813:2008) are also not recommended
to be used for fall arrest purposes.
It is clear that BS EN 363:2018 recognizes the importance of choosing the correct body holding device
and forbidding the use of others. Table A.1 in Annex A lists the significant technical changes made
between the 2008 and 2018 editions of BS EN 363. The table states that: ‘An explanation was added
why belts for work positioning on their own are not recommended’, in respect of 3.2.2, Assembly.
NOTE The reference to 3.2.2 in Table A.1 is an error as there is no subclause 3.2.2 within the standard. The
error occurred due to a renumbering of the clauses within the standard. Table A.1 should refer to 4.2.2, Assembly.

However, upon reading paragraph 4.2.2, it does not mention this explanation. Of more concern is that
paragraph 4.2.2 says that a suitable body holding device would be a belt or a sit harness, which is in
conflict with the statement in Annex A. Paragraph 4.2.2 then goes on to say that a sit harness or belt
integrated into a full body harness is preferable, but in the opinion of the UK committee this is not the
same as not recommending belts and sit harnesses on their own.
In conclusion, the UK committee strongly recommends that only a full body harness conforming
to BS EN 361:2002 should be used as the body holding device when a user connects to both a work
positioning system and fall-arrest system. Other types of body holding device should not be used.

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