EMERGING TRENDS IN INTERNET

OF THINGS (IOT SECTOR)

Misba Khanum S
BE 3rd Sem
Department of Computer Science
Govt SKSJ Technological Institute
KR Circle, Bangalore-560001
WHAT IS INTERNET OF THINGS?
• The internet of things (IoT) is a catch-all
term for the growing number of
electronics that aren't traditional
computing devices, but are connected to
the internet to send data, receive
instructions or both.

• The IoT brings internet connectivity,

data processing and analytics to the
world of physical objects.
• For consumers, this means interacting
with the global information network
without the intermediary of a keyboard
and screen (Alexa, for example).
HOW IOT WAS STARTED?
• The term ‘Internet of Things’ was coined in
1999 by the computer scientist Kevin Ashton.
• While working at Procter & Gamble, Ashton
proposed putting radio-frequency identification
(RFID) chips on products to track them through
a supply chain.

• Around a quarter of businesses were using

IoT technologies in 2019, according to
McKinsey, up from 13% in 2014.

• And already, there are more connected

devices than people in the world, according to
the World Economic Forum’s State of the
Connected World report, and it is predicted
that by 2025, 41.6 billion devices will be
capturing data on how we live, work, move
through our cities and operate and maintain the
machines on which we depend.
 WORKING PROCEDURE IN IOT
1. The first element of an IoT system is the device
that gathers data. Broadly speaking, these are
internet-connected devices, so they each have an
IP address. They range in complexity from
autonomous mobile robots and forklifts that move
products around factory floors and warehouses, to
simple sensors that monitor the temperature or
scan for gas leaks in buildings.
2. In the next step in the IoT process, collected
data is transmitted from the devices to a gathering
point. Moving the data can be done wirelessly
using a range of technologies or over wired
networks. Data can be sent over the internet to a
data center or the cloud.
3. Ihe final step, data processing and analytics, can
take place in data centers or the cloud, but
sometimes that’s not an option. In the case of
critical devices such as shutoffs in industrial
settings, the delay of sending data from the device
to a remote data center is too great. In such cases
edge computing can come into play, where a smart
edge device can aggregate data, analyze it and
fashion responses if necessary, all within relatively
close physical distance, thereby reducing delay.
APPLICATIONS OF INTERNET OF THINGS(IOT)
• IoT Applications in Healthcare :
First and foremost, wearable IoT devices let
hospitals monitor their patients’ health at
home, thereby reducing hospital stays while
still providing up to the minute real-time
information that could save lives.

• IoT Applications in Consumer Use :

For the private citizen, IoT devices in the form
of wearables and smart homes make life
easier.Smart homes take care of things like
activating environmental controls so that your
house is at peak comfort when you come home.

• IoT Applications in Transportation :

By this time, most people have heard about the
progress being made with self-driving cars.The
GPS, which, if you think of it, is another
example of IoT, is being utilized to help
transportation companies plot faster and more
efficient routes.
OTHER APPLICATIONS OF IOT
•IoT Applications in Agriculture :
For indoor planting, IoT makes monitoring
and management of micro-climate
conditions a reality, which in turn increases
production. For outside planting, devices
using IoT technology can sense soil
moisture and nutrients.

• IoT Applications in Manufacturing :

The world of manufacturing and industrial
automation is another big winner in the IoT
sweepstakes. RFID and GPS technology
can help a manufacturer track a product
from its start on the factory floor to its
placement in the destination store, the
whole supply chain from start to finish
 ADVANTAGES OF IOT
• Efficient resource utilization: If we know the
functionality and the way that how each device
work we definitely increase the efficient
resource utilization as well as monitor natural
resources.

• Minimize human effort: As the devices of IoT

interact and communicate with each other and
do lot of task for us, then they minimize the
human effort.

• Save time: As it reduces the human effort then

it definitely saves out time. Time is the primary
factor which can save through IoT platform.

• Enhance Data Collection:

In improving security. Now, if we have a system
that all these things are interconnected then we
can make the system more secure and efficient.
DISADVANTAGES OF IOT
• Security: As the IoT systems are
interconnected and communicate
over networks. The system offers
little control despite any security
measures, and it can be lead the
various kinds of network attacks.

• Privacy: Even without the active

participation on the user, the IoT
system provides substantial
personal data in maximum detail.

• Complexity: The designing,

developing, and maintaining and
enabling the large technology to IoT
system is quite complicated.
 SOLUTIONS TO FEW DRAWBACKS OF IOT
• Technical Requirements :
In order for an IoT network to give value to a business, it must work as a single,
cohesive system. From a technical perspective, the reality is that IoT is often
fragmented and lacks interoperability. To combat this, platforms must be able to
operate across devices regardless of the make, manufacturer or industry.
Overcoming compatibility issues is a significant IoT hurdle, but emerging
companies are starting to enable increased interoperability through open-source
development.

• Regulatory Concerns :
IoT implementations are collecting large amounts of data that could potentially be
sensitive or harmful if exposed. This includes personal data about employees or
customers, as well as proprietary business data about operations and internal
processes. On the regulatory side, privacy concerns, such as clarifying who can
access IoT data and how that data is used, must be addressed. Governments and
industry bodies need to set standards and regulations for the various industries to
ensure that data is not misused.

• Time constraints :
The rolling out of IoT projects can be a long and costly endeavour for businesses.
Rapid changes in technology means that companies run the risk of any new
technology system becoming obsolete even as it is being installed. To benefit from
the benefits of a new IoT system, companies must try to eliminate as many of the
stumbling blocks as possible from the businesses development process to enable a
fast and efficient rollout. They must also ensure that they partner with competent
service providers that can meet their technology needs and enable agile solutions.

• Security :
IoT devices are often vulnerable to security breaches because of poor design. This
can have a major impact on company data security, as well as putting costly
IoT-related equipment at risk. For this reason, IoT needs strong authentication
methods, encrypted data and a platform that can track irregularities on a network.
If companies are transparent on how IoT data is collected and used, consumer
confidence in IoT will also grow.
 FUTURE OF INTERNET OF THINGS
• There will be 22 billion
connected devices in the world by
2025.
The Indian government started
the 100 smart cities mission in
2016, which will get completed in
2024.
• State governments have used
around Rs 2 lakh crore in smart
cities projects and Rs 4.5 lakh
crore is in the pipeline.
• There are numerous IoT
applications in smart cities. Traffic
management, energy harvesting
by using solar panels on buildings
and LED streetlights, saving water
using a smart meter, etc, are a few
of the smart technologies used in
IoT.