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Becomes President

The document discusses four models of communication: [1] Aristotle's model from 5BC focuses on the speaker and message, and emphasizes that the setting dictates the message. [2] Shannon and Weaver's 1948 model introduced the concept of "noise" that can interfere with the message transmission. [3] Wilbur Schramm's model asserts communication requires overlap between the speaker and listener's "field of experience", which is everything one has learned and experienced. [4] Group discusses components of communication like sender, receiver, message, medium, feedback and noise that can affect the message.

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Iron Brix Santiago
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11 views2 pages

Becomes President

The document discusses four models of communication: [1] Aristotle's model from 5BC focuses on the speaker and message, and emphasizes that the setting dictates the message. [2] Shannon and Weaver's 1948 model introduced the concept of "noise" that can interfere with the message transmission. [3] Wilbur Schramm's model asserts communication requires overlap between the speaker and listener's "field of experience", which is everything one has learned and experienced. [4] Group discusses components of communication like sender, receiver, message, medium, feedback and noise that can affect the message.

Uploaded by

Iron Brix Santiago
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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WEEK 2 – COMMUNICATION PROCESS, TYPES, METHODS AND ETHICS

Group 1

COMMUNICATION PROCESSES, PRINCIPLES AND ETHICS

The term communication process refers to the two-way process of exchanging information
between parties involved. For communication to succeed, both participants must be able to exchange
information and understand each other. If the flow of information is blocked for some reasons or the
parties cannot make themselves understood, then communication fails.

COMPONENTS OF COMMUNICATION

Sender. The communication process begins with the sender, who is also called as communicator or
source.

Receiver. The person to whom a message is directed is called receiver or the interpreter.

Message. The message or content is the information that the sender wants to relay to the receiver.

Medium. Also called as the channel, this is the means by which the message is transmitted.

Feedback. The communication process reaches its final point when the message has been successfully
transmitted, received and understood.

Noise. This can be any sort of interference that affects the message being sent, received or understood.

Context. This is the setting and situation in which communication takes place.

MODELS OF COMMUNICATION

The best way to understand communication is to see it graphically. Many authors and
researchers have come up with their own models based on what they want to emphasize as being an
important component of communication. The following four models of communication will introduce
the elements of communication.

Aristotle’s Model of Communication (5BC)

This is considered as the first and earliest model of communication. Aristotle focused on the
Speaker and the Message for his model, wherein the most important part in his model is the Setting
where the Listener is situated. It is the Setting that dictates the Message. The three settings in Aristotle’s
time were legal, deliberative and ceremonial. The Legal Setting meant the courts where ordinary people
defended themselves. The Deliberative Setting meant the political assemblies, the highest of which was
the Roman Senate. The Ceremonial Setting meant the celebrations held when they won a war, when
they lost a leader or had a new one, and when they welcomed a visiting leader from another kingdom or
country. Such occasions called for speeches of welcome, poems of tribute or eulogies, and poems of
lament.

Group 2

Claude Shannon and Warren Weaver’s Model of Communication (1948)

This model gave us the concept of “noise”. This is often called the Telephone Model because it is
based on the experience of having the message interfered with by “noise” from the telephone
switchboard back in the 1940s.

In this model, Shannon and Weaver assert that the Message sent by the Source (Speaker) is not
necessarily the Message received by the Destination (Listener). This is due to the intervention of “noise”
or anything that hampers the communication. Even today, with our advanced cell phone technology,
there are still barriers to clear transmission and reception of calls. Dropped calls, calls that echo, faint
signals – all interfere with the communication of the message.

Wilbur Schramm’s Model of Communication

Wilbur Schramm is considered as the Father of Mass Communication. Schramm asserts that
communication can take place if and only if there is an overlap between the Field of Experience of the
speaker and the Field of Experience of the listener.

What is Field of Experience? It is everything that makes a person unique – everything s/he has
ever learned, watched, seen, heard, read and studied. In other words, it is everything a person has ever
experienced or not experienced, done or not done. In fact, this is practically everything that has
happened in his/her life. It is this Field of Experience that is used to interpret the Message and create a
Response. It is also this Field of Experience of the Listener that needs to overlap with the Speaker’s Field
of Experience, which can only happen when the two fields have commonalities.

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