N.

C Department of Transportation Division of Motor Vehicles School Bus & Traffic Safety Section

North Carolina School Bus

Driver Handout

2nd Edition / School Bus Drivers / March 2018 SBTS-341 (rev 3/18)

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This handout contains knowledge and safe driving Oil level – Indicate where dipstick is located check
information for driving a school bus in North oil level is in safe operating range
Carolina. Power Steering Fluid/Belt – level above refill
mark, belt not frayed, cracked, , ½ to ¾ inch of play
School Bus Inspections Air Compressor/Belt – secure, not leaking, belt
not frayed, cracked, , ½ to ¾ inch of play (Driver
Safety is the most important reason you inspect must state gear driven if no belt)
your vehicle, safety for yourself and for other road Steering Box/Hoses – securely mounted, hoses
users. not leaking or damaged
Steering Linkage – connectors to the wheel are
Federal and state laws require that drivers inspect not worn or cracked, no missing nuts, bolts, or
their vehicles. cotter pins

Perform a pre-trip inspection before each trip to find Front Suspension

problems that could cause a crash or breakdown.
Springs – not missing, shifted, cracked, or broken
You should carry out the pre-trip inspection in the U-Bolts – not broken, missing, or loose
same manner every time so you will learn each step Spring Mounts – secure, not cracked, broken, or
and be less likely to forget something. missing
Shock Absorbers – secure, not leaking
Inspection Procedure
Front Brakes
During the vehicle inspection, you must know that
the vehicle is safe to drive. You will need to Brake Hoses/Lines – not cracked, worn, or frayed,
complete an internal and external inspection. not leaking
Engine should be off, the parking brake set, and the Brake Chamber – secure, not leaking, cracked, or
wheels are chocked, if chocks are available. dented
Slack Adjustors/Push Rod – securely mounted,
Front of the School Bus not bent, broken, loose, or missing
Brake Drums – no cracks, dents, or holes
School Bus Wording – clearly visible Brake Linings – not thin, no grease, oil, etc.
Clearance Lights – clean, orange or amber, not
missing or broken Front Tire
Passenger Stop Lights – clean, red, not missing
or broken Tread – Minimum 4/32
Amber Lights – clean, orange or amber, not Overall Condition – evenly worn, no cuts or
missing or broken damage, valve caps and stem no missing or
Windshield – clear, no obstructions, no damage damaged
Wipers – secure, not damaged Tire Pressure – Proper inflation checked by tire
Mirrors/Student mirrors – clean, brackets secure, gauge
not damaged or loose Rims – not damage or bent, no welding repairs, not
Turn Signals – clean, orange or amber, not loose
missing or broken Lug Nuts – present, no loose, no distortion of bolt
Headlights – clean, not missing or broken holes
Safety Arm – secure, mounted Hub Seal – not leaking, proper level

Engine Compartment (Engine Off) Left Side of the School Bus

Leaks/Hoses – no puddles or dripping fluids, hoses Stop Arm – mounted, no damage or loose fittings
in good condition and not leaking Clearance Lights – clean, not missing or broken,
Windshield Washer Fluid – present proper color (red on rear, amber elsewhere)
Water Pump/Belt – secure, not loose, belt not Turn Signals - clean, not missing or broken, proper
frayed, cracked, ½ to ¾ inch of play color
Alternator/Belt – secure, wires intact, belt not Reflectors – clean, not missing or broken, proper
frayed, cracked, or more than ¾ inch loose color
Coolant Level – proper level Reflective Tape – present and secure

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Frame – not loose, cracked or bent, no holes in the Tail Lights/Brake Lights – clean, not missing or
floor broken
Exhaust – tight and secure, no leaks, cracks, Reverse Lights – clean, not missing or broken
holes, or severe dents Reflectors–clean, not missing or broken
Drive Shaft – not bent, twisted, or cracked, u-joints Splash Guards/Mud Flaps – mounted, not
secure and free of foreign objects damaged

Rear Suspension Right Side of School Bus

Springs – not missing, shifted, cracked, or broken Fuel Tank/Cap – tank secure, cap tight, no leaks
U-Bolts – not broken, missing, or loose Clearance Lights – clean, not missing or broken,
Spring Mounts – secure, not cracked, broken, or proper color (red on rear, amber/orange elsewhere)
missing Turn Signals - clean, not missing or broken, proper
Shock Absorbers – secure, not leaking color
Air Bags – if equipped, not damage or leaking Reflectors – clean, not missing or broken, proper
Air Mount – if equipped secure and not damaged color
Torque Arm – if equipped secure, not damaged Reflective Tape – present and secure

Rear Brakes Lights Operations Check

Brake Hoses/Lines – not cracked, worn, or frayed, Front – All lights (headlights {high/low}, turn
not leaking signals, 4-way flashers, passenger lights, amber
Brake Chamber – secure, not leaking, cracked, or lights, clearance lights) illuminate.
dented Left side – All lights (clearance lights, 4-way
Slack Adjustors/Push Rod – mounted, not bent, flashers, turn signals, stop arm) illuminate.
broken, loose, or missing Rear – All lights (tail lights, brake lights, turn
Brake Drums – no cracks, dents, or holes signals, 4-way flashers, passenger lights,
Brake Linings – not thin, no grease, oil, etc. amber/orange lights, strobe light, clearance lights)
illuminate
Rear Tire Right Side – All lights (clearance lights, 4-way
flashers, turn signals) illuminate
Tread – Minimum 2/32
Overall Condition – evenly worn, no cuts or Passenger Entry and Lift
damage, valve caps and stem no missing or
damaged Handicap Lift – If equipped, no leaks, damaged, or
Tire Pressure – Proper inflation checked by tire missing nuts, explain how lift works, latched
gauge securely
Rims – not damage or bent, no welding repairs, not Entry door – not damaged, operates smoothly, and
loose closes securely
Lug Nuts – present, no loose, no distortion of bolt Step Light – not cracked or broken, working
holes Entry Steps – clear, treads not loose or worn
Axle Seal – not leaking excessively
Spacers and Budd Spacing – even spacing, no Hand Rails - secure
damage or foreign objects
Emergency Equipment
Rear
Triangles – three reflective triangles present
Strobe Light – secure, not broken Extinguisher – charged and properly secured
School Bus Wording – clearly visible Fuses – check for spare electrical fuses (if
Clearance Lights – clean, not missing or broken equipped) or identify circuit breakers
Passenger Stop Lights – clean, not missing or Emergency Kit – present
broken Body Fluid Cleanup Kit – present
Amber Lights – clean, not missing or broken
Door – open, closes, and latches, no damage
Reflective Tape – present and secure
Turn Signals – clean, not missing or broken

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Passenger Area Air Brake Check – Must perform all three air
brake checks correctly in order to receive
Seating – not damaged, no broken frames, credit. If driver fails to do any one part correctly
securely fastened to the floor, cushions secure it is scored as an automatic failure for the
Emergency Exits – operates smoothly, closes Vehicle Inspection Test.
securely, not damaged, warning sounds when • L – With air pressure built to governor cut
opened off(120-140psi), shut off engine leaving key
in the “on” or “battery charge” position,
Cab Check/Engine Start release the parking brake and fully apply
the foot brake. Hold the foot brake for one
Safe Start – place gear in “neutral” position, start minute. Check air gauge to see if air
engine, check dashboard pressure drops more than three pounds in
Anti-lock Brake System – ensure ABS lighting one minute.
indicator illuminates and promptly turns off • A – begin fanning off the air pressure by
Safety Belt – properly secured, mounted, and rapidly applying and releasing the foot
adjusted, no rips or frays brake. Low air warning devices should
Mirrors/Student Mirrors – proper adjustment, activate before air pressure drops below 55
vision not impaired, clean psi
Windshield-Clean, no illegal stickers, no damage • B – Continue to fan off air pressure. At
approximately 40 psi the parking brake
Gauges valve should close (pop out)

Oil Pressure – pressure increasing

Temperature – begin to climb to normal operating During the Trip
range
Ammeter/Voltmeter – Shows alternator is charging Gauges – watch for signs of trouble
Air Gauge – working properly and builds to the cut- Senses – look (roadway, gauges, students), listen
off (120 to 140 psi) (unusual sounds), smell (smoke or burning smell),
and touch (vibration in the steering), etc.
Inside Controls Students – loading and unloading,

Heater/Defroster – works properly Post Trip Inspection

Horn – works properly
Lighting Indicators – dash indicators for turn Students – sleeping, articles left on the bus
signals, flashers, and headlight high beam Vehicle condition – any damage, close all
illuminate, flashing amber and red lights illuminate windows and doors, sweep the bus
Stop Arm – extends fully Air Pressure – release air pressure until button pop
Safety Arm – extends fully out
Reports – completed showing any equipment
Brake Checks defects. This report helps alert transportation
officials to problems that need repair.
Parking Brake – gently try pulling forward with
parking brake on, parking brake holds vehicle
Service Brake – pull forward at 5 mph, applies
service brake to check brakes work properly and
vehicle does not pull to one side or other
Hydraulic Brake Check (if equipped) – Pump the
brake pedal three times, and hold down for five
seconds, brake pedal should not move

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A school bus is much longer, wider, and heavier appropriately marked stop line, or if none, (ii) before
than a car. Driving the bus requires preparation, entering a marked crosswalk, or if none, (iii) before
thought and care. entering the intersection at the point nearest the
intersecting street where the driver has a view of
Riding in the bus with you are several dozen approaching traffic on the intersecting street.
children whose lives are in your hands and depend _
on your good judgment. Traffic Signals

Basic Control of the School Bus Approach each traffic signal (light) expecting it to
change at any moment. Always obey the color of
Right Of Way the traffic signal:
• Red light: G.S 20-158 (b) (1): When a
There are two types of intersections — regulated traffic signal is emitting a steady red circular
and unregulated. Regulated intersections have a light controlling traffic approaching an
traffic control device such as a signal or sign. intersection, an approaching vehicle facing
Unregulated intersections have none. When the red light shall come to a stop and shall
approaching an unregulated intersection, reduce not enter the intersection. For safety
speed, check traffic and continue to move only reasons, do not turn right on red.
when others have yielded right of way to you. If • Yellow light: G.S 20-158 (b) (2a): When a
another vehicle is in or very near the intersection, traffic signal is emitting a steady yellow
you must yield right of way to it. circular light on a traffic signal controlling
When two vehicles approach or enter an traffic approaching an intersection or a
intersection from different highways at steady yellow arrow light on a traffic signal
approximately the same time, the driver of the controlling traffic turning at an intersection,
vehicle on the left shall yield the right-of-way to the vehicles facing the yellow light are warned
vehicle on the right. (G.S. 20-155). The law only that the related green light is being
names which vehicle must yield right of way. It terminated or a red light will be immediately
never states that any vehicle has the right to forthcoming.
proceed. Right of way laws are designed to prevent • Green light: G.S 20-158 (b) (2a): . When
collisions by prescribing which vehicle must move the traffic signal is emitting a steady green
last. light, vehicles may proceed with due care
through the intersection subject to the rights
Yield Signs of pedestrians and other vehicles as may
otherwise be provided by law.
Because of the restricted visibility, slow acceleration o Check to be sure that approaching
and length of a school bus, use extreme caution as traffic is stopped and proceed with
you approach a yield sign. Approach the caution.
intersection where you must yield at a speed that is • Flashing yellow light: G.S 20-158 (b):
reasonable for the existing conditions but slow When a flashing yellow light has been
enough to allow you to stop and yield right of way to erected or installed at an intersection,
another vehicle in the intersection or to avoid a approaching vehicles facing the yellow
hazard. flashing light may proceed through the
intersection with caution, yielding the right-
Stop Signs of-way to vehicles in or approaching the
intersection.
You must stop at intersections when there is a stop • Flashing red light: G.S. 20-158 (b) (3):
sign for your lane. Before proceeding, look in all When a flashing red light has been erected
directions at least twice. Resume travel only when or installed at an intersection, approaching
you can move without interfering with the vehicles facing the red light shall stop and
movement of another vehicle. yield the right-of-way to vehicles in or
approaching the intersection. The right to
G.S 20-158 (b) (5): proceed shall be subject to the rules
When a stop sign, traffic signal, flashing light, or applicable to making a stop at a stop sign.
other traffic-control device authorized by subsection
(a) of this section requires a vehicle to stop at an
intersection, the driver shall stop (i) at an

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Traffic Officer Turning Around

A uniformed traffic officer always has authority Consult with school transportation officials to select
above regular traffic signs and signals. You must the safest place to turn around. A safe place
follow the officer’s instructions regardless of regular should have at least 500 feet of unobstructed
traffic devices. When an officer is directing traffic, visibility in both directions and plenty of clearance
there is usually a specific problem or hazard. There for the bus. Using an unsafe place for turning
could be a collision ahead, malfunctioning traffic around could eventually lead to a collision. Report
signal or missing sign. any unsafe conditions at a turnaround point to
school transportation officials.
Private Drive
There are three methods of turning the bus:
When leaving a driveway, yield the right of way to
the approaching vehicles on the roadway where Forward Turn Around
you are entering. Check for approaching traffic and
proceed with caution when it’s safe. Because backing the bus is an extremely
dangerous procedure, the safest way to turn around
Turning the Bus is to avoid backing and use a forward turn around
instead. Use an adequately sized, safe area away
The following procedure should be used to make a from the road, such as a parking lot, where you can
safe turn: move forward in a wide circle.
• Get in the proper lane well in advance of
the turn.
• Check traffic (to the front, rear and sides).
• Engage the turn signal 300 feet in advance.
• Slow gradually to 10 mph or less at least 50
feet before the turn.
• Check traffic (to the front, rear and sides as
well as the road in which you are turning.
• Check clearance while turning.
• Straighten the bus and check traffic (to the
front, rear and sides).
• Check to see that the signal cancelled.

Backing

Because you cannot see everything behind your

vehicle, backing is always dangerous. Never back
unless it is absolutely necessary. When you have
to back use these safe driving practices:
• Start in the proper position. Forward turn (no backing)
• Look at your path for hazards.
• Check traffic (front, rear, and sides).
• Engage hazard lights (four-way flashers).
• Communicate with monitor.
• Sound horn.
• Back slowly, with no acceleration.
• Continue to check traffic and with monitor.

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Right Side Road Turn Around Safety Rules
The second safest method is to use a side road on • Turn around only at places designated by
the driver’s right side. To perform the right side the principal.
road turn around, use a safe, intersecting side road • Always keep the bus in the proper lane of
on the right. Drive far enough past the side road to travel.
clearly see it behind and to the right of the bus. • Observe all the precautions for backing.
Activate your hazard lights, sound your horn and • If you must turn the bus around by backing
use a monitor. To turn around, cautiously back the at a passenger stop, make sure all the
bus with no acceleration, onto the side road into the passengers are on the bus when you back.
correct lane of travel. If you are loading passengers at the turn
around point, load them onto the bus before
turning around. If you are unloading
passengers at the turn around point, unload
after turning around.
• Inform school transportation officials of any
turn around problems you notice on your
route.

Speed Limits

According to G.S. 20-141:

• No person shall drive a vehicle on a
highway or in a public vehicular area at a
speed greater than is reasonable and
prudent under the conditions then existing.

Side road (right) Therefore, drive the bus with the flow of traffic, but
never move at an illegal or unsafe speed. When
Left Side Road Turn Around weather, road or vehicle conditions are hazardous,
Sometimes you might have no choice for turning reduce speed.
the bus around except to use a side road on the
left. To perform the left side road turn around, According to G.S. 20-218(b):
make a standard left turn onto a safe, intersecting • It is unlawful to drive a school bus occupied
side road. Activate your hazard lights, sound your by one or more child passengers over the
horn and use a monitor. Then cautiously back, with highways or public vehicular areas of the
no acceleration, onto the main road. Backing onto State at a greater rate of speed than 45
a main road is very dangerous. miles per hour.
• It is unlawful to drive a school activity bus
occupied by one or more child passengers
over the highways or public vehicular areas
of North Carolina at a greater rate of speed
than 55 miles per hour.

On school grounds, the maximum speed limit is 10

miles per hour.

Side road (left)

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Passing other vehicle shall not proceed to move,
pass or attempt to pass the school bus until
School buses are unusually slow. Avoid passing the mechanical stop signal has been
other vehicles as much as possible. withdrawn, the flashing red stoplights have
If you must pass a vehicle: been turned off and the bus has started to
• Use extreme caution. You will usually gain move.
very little or nothing at all by passing • For the purpose of this section, a school
because any vehicle moving more slowly bus includes a public school bus
than a school bus is not likely to go very far transporting children or school personnel, a
before turning off. public school bus transporting senior
• You should never pass another school bus citizens under G.S. 115C-243, or a privately
unless it is parked. At a multilane highway owned bus transporting children. This
intersection where traffic lanes are section only applies in the event that the
designated for left and/or right turns, a bus school bus bears upon the front and rear a
may pass another bus that is waiting to plainly visible sign containing the words
make such a turn. “school bus”.”
• You are much more likely to have trouble • The driver of a vehicle traveling in the
with other vehicles passing you. Maintain a opposite direction from the school bus,
regular check of traffic and signal your upon any road, highway or city street that
intentions early. has been divided into two roadways, so
constructed as to separate vehicular traffic
According to G.S. 20-150 (e): between the two roadways by an
• The driver of a vehicle shall not overtake intervening space (including a center lane
and pass another on any portion of the for left turns if the roadway consists of at
highway which is marked by signs, markers least four more lanes) or by a physical
or markings placed by the Department of barrier, need not stop upon meeting and
Transportation stating or clearly indicating passing any school bus which has stopped
that passing should not be attempted. in the roadway across the dividing space or
physical barrier.
Passenger Stops • It shall be unlawful for any school bus driver
to stop and receive or discharge
More students are killed while getting on or off a passengers or for any principal or
school bus each year than are killed as passengers superintendent of any school, routing a
inside of a school bus. As a result, knowing what to school bus, to authorize the driver of any
do before, during, and after loading and unloading school bus to stop and receive or discharge
students is critical. Always use great care any time passengers upon any roadway described in
passengers are outside the bus. the preceding paragraph where passengers
would be required to cross the roadway to
School Bus Stop Law (G.S. 20-217) reach their destination or to board the bus;
provided that passengers may be
The NC School Bus Stop Law exists to protect discharged or received at points where
children at school bus passenger stops and to pedestrians and vehicular traffic are
enhance traffic safety. Each procedure detailed by controlled by adequate stop-and-go traffic
the law is designed to minimize the dangers. The signals.
school bus stop law names specific instances when • Any person violating this section shall be
an approaching motor vehicle is required to stop for guilty of a Class I misdemeanor and shall
a properly marked, designated school bus: pay a minimum fine of five hundred dollars
• When a school bus is displaying its ($500.00).
mechanical stop signal or flashing red lights
and the bus is stopped for the purpose of
receiving or discharging passengers, the
driver of any other vehicle that approaches
the school bus from any direction on the
same street, highway or public vehicular
area shall bring the other vehicle to a full
stop and remain stopped. The driver of the

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• Any person who willfully violates this
section and strikes any person shall be
guilty of a Class I felony and shall pay a
minimum fine of one thousand two hundred
fifty dollars ($1,250). Any person who
willfully violates this section and strikes any
person, resulting in the death of that
person, shall be guilty of a Class H felony
and shall pay a minimum fine of two
thousand five hundred dollars ($2, 500).
• Automated camera and video recording
systems may be used to detect and
prosecute violations of this section. Any
photograph or video recorded by a camera
or video recording system shall, if
consistent with the North Carolina Rules of
Evidence, be admissible as evidence in any
proceeding alleging a violation of this
section.

If the stop sign, any stop sign light, any warning

light or any passenger stop light on the school bus
is malfunctioning, do not make passenger stops.
Have it repaired before continuing. You must
activate the stop sign, warning lights and passenger
stop lights only at passenger stops for loading and
unloading passengers from the bus you are driving.
Improper use of the stop system could cause
collisions, injuries and even fatalities.

If someone passes the school bus while you are

loading or unloading passengers, gather as much
information about the driver as you can. The ability
to identify the driver visually is always best. Try to
estimate and note the driver’s age, gender and skin
tone as well as the license plate number of the
vehicle. It is crucial also to note the date, time of
day and location of the incident. Additional
information such as the color and make of the
vehicle can also be helpful.

Violation of the school bus stop law carries the

penalty of more driver license points than any other
driving violation in North Carolina. Five points are
assessed if the violation occurred in a classified
vehicle and eight if committed with a commercial
motor vehicle (CMV) (G.S. 20-16c). Drivers who
violate this law greatly endanger the lives of school

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bus passengers. Do your part to have these School Bus Passenger Stop Procedure
dangerous drivers convicted. Report their actions
to school transportation officials, who will assist you Loading Procedure
in making a report to the proper law enforcement
agency. • Check traffic for imminent danger (front and
_ rear).
Passenger Stops – General Observations • Activate amber warning lights 300 feet in
• Passenger stops should be made in safe advance of the passenger stop.
places only. Motorists approaching from
both directions should have a clear view of • Make a smooth stop 15 feet short of
the bus for a distance of at least 500 feet, if passengers.
possible. • Keep firm pressure on foot brake during the
• Stops should not be made just below the entire bus stop.
crest of a hill, on a blind curve or on a steep • Shift transmission to Neutral.
grade.
• Set parking brake (keep pressure on foot
• Stops should be spaced at least two-tenths
brake to keep brakes lights on).
of a mile apart.
• The driver should report any problem at a • Activate red lights (using middle position if
stop to school transportation officials. there is a 3 position
• Stop the bus on the main portion of the switch).
road in the extreme right-hand lane 15 feet • If students have to
short of the passengers. Never pull to the cross, hold left palm
shoulder of the road to make a passenger
up to signal the
stop.
students to wait.
• Never argue with parents at a passenger
stop. Refer them to school transportation • Check traffic (front
officials for any request of change of stop, and rear).
route or schedule and for discipline • Open door when safe (if not already open)
problems. Inform them of any • When safe, give
developments affecting the operation of the
“thumbs up”,
school bus, such as change of schedule
and days when the bus may be late. Good signaling students it is
communication between the parents and okay to cross and
you will develop close harmony and make it then point in the
possible for you to perform your duties direction they are
more efficiently and safely. walking to cross the
• Never let discipline problems on the bus or street (left to right).
any other distraction interfere with checking
• SOUND HORN if
your passenger mirrors just before leaving
a passenger stop. students are in
• If you pass by a passenger stop, do not danger!
back up to pick up or discharge students • Count, watch, and
recount students
(outside and inside).
• Close door when all
students are safely on board and seated.
• Shift transmission to Drive.
• Release the parking brake.
• Check all mirrors from left to right for
students and traffic.
• Proceed slowly while checking for students.

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Additional Notes on Passenger Stop • If students have to
Procedures cross, hold right
palm up for students
Always check to ensure no one is in front of the bus
to wait.
by counting the passengers as they load/unload
and counting them again when they are safely on • When safe, give
the bus or off the roadway on each side. If both “thumbs up”
totals are not the same, DO NOT MOVE THE BUS signaling students it’s okay to cross and
until you can account for all children or until you get then point in the
out and check around and under the bus for the direction they are
missing child. walking to cross the
street (right to left).
The bus crossing gate/arm is designed to force
• Make sure
passengers to cross in front of the bus at a distance
from the hood where they will be easier for you to STUDENTS also
see them. check for traffic.
• SOUND HORN if
Check the passenger mirrors closely. The students are in
passenger mirrors are used to locate students who danger!
cannot be seen over the hood or at the sides of the
• Count, watch and
bus before proceeding. Frequent use of the
recount students
passenger mirrors at each passenger stop cannot
be overemphasized. (outside and inside).
• Close door only when students are in a
Do not release the stop sign until all students are safe area.
either on the bus or well off the road on their side of • Shift transmission to Drive.
the street or highway. • Release the parking brake.
Ensure that students are seated before moving the • Check all mirrors from left to right for
bus. students and traffic.
• Proceed slowly while checking for students.
Unloading Procedure
• Check traffic for imminent danger (front and Additional Notes on Passenger Stop
rear). Procedures
• Activate amber warning lights 300 feet in
Always check to ensure no one is in front of the bus
advance of the passenger stop.
by counting the passengers as they load/unload
• Make a smooth stop 15 feet short of the and counting them again when they are safely on
designated stop. the bus or off the roadway on each side. If both
• Keep firm pressure on foot brake during the totals are not the same, DO NOT MOVE THE BUS
entire bus stop. until you can account for all children or until you get
• Shift transmission to Neutral. out and check around and under the bus for the
• Set parking brake (keep pressure on foot missing child.
brake to keep brakes lights on). The bus crossing gate/arm is designed to force
• Activate red lights (using middle position if passengers to cross in front of the bus at a distance
there is a 3 position switch) from the hood where they will be easier for you to
• Check traffic (front and rear). see them.
• Open door when safe (if not already open).
Check the passenger mirrors closely. The
• Remind students to look both ways before
passenger mirrors are used to locate students who
exiting the bus, move away from the bus cannot be seen over the hood or at the sides of the
and road, and if they have to cross, to look bus before proceeding. Frequent use of the
for your signal to cross and to look both passenger mirrors at each passenger stop cannot
ways before crossing each lane of traffic. be overemphasized.

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Do not release the stop sign until all students are
either on the bus or well off the road on their side of
the street or highway.

Ensure that students are seated before moving the

bus.

Loading the School Bus

You should assist in proper loading and see that

pupils take their assigned seats. You and your Trains have the right-of-way over all highway traffic
supervisor should work together in assigning seats including police, fire and ambulance emergency
to students for several reasons: vehicles.
• Speeds up loading and unloading along the
bus route. A railroad crossing sign indicates:
• Lessens confusion and delay over what • Approach with caution
seat to take. • Prepare to stop and be alert for a train
• Allows equal weight distribution on each • Proceed with caution after a train has
side of bus. passed
• Helps you maintain better discipline and • Never stop on train tracks for any reason
pupil relations.
• Aids in determining who may have
damaged or defaced seats, windows, etc.

Railroad Crossing

According to G.S 20-142.3:

• Before crossing at grade any track or tracks
of a railroad, the driver of any school bus,
or any activity bus shall stop the vehicle
within 50 feet but not less than 15 feet from
the nearest rail of the railroad. While Tragic collisions involving school buses have
stopped, the driver shall listen and look in occurred at railroad grade crossings. Bus drivers
both directions along the track for any and passengers should follow proper procedures at
approaching train and shall not proceed all times when crossing tracks.
until the driver can do so safely. Upon • Check traffic and turn on hazard lights
proceeding, the driver of the vehicle shall about 300 feet before the crossing.
cross the track in a gear that allows the • Stop at least 15 feet, but not more than 50
driver to cross the track without changing feet from the track.
gears and the driver shall not change gears • Turn off any accessories that prevent good
while crossing the track or tracks. hearing, open the window and door, look
Note: You are required to stop at every railroad and listen.
crossing, even if the gates are up, the crossing • Close door, recheck track(s), proceed if
lights are not flashing and you can see no train is in safe.
sight in either direction. • After completely crossing tracks, turn off
hazard lights, close window.
Procedures
The X-shaped railroad grade crossing sign, known
as a Crosssbuck Sign requires road users to yield
the right-of-way to trains and rail traffic at a
highway-rail grade crossing.

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What you need to know for the Blue sign at each railroad crossing
so you will know its location.
Railroad Emergency Notification System sign
• Each railroad company has its own
An example of the railroad Emergency
emergency telephone number and each
Notification Sign is depicted in the dashed circle
railroad crossing has a unique DOT
on the photograph and drawings below.
crossing identification number.
• Approach railroad tracks with care. Railroad
tracks are private property and can only be
crossed at an authorized highway crossing
–cannot drive on tracks – walk on tracks –
take pictures, etc.
• Prepare to stop. If you see or hear a train
approaching or the lights are flashing
and/or the crossing gates are down, do not
cross the tracks. Shift to neutral, set the
parking brake and keep firm pressure on
the foot brake.
• Look carefully in both directions, especially
at double tracks. One train might hide
another and they have no set schedule. If
one passes by, watch for another. Trains
are quieter that you think.
• After a train passes the highway crossing,
be patient and insure no other trains are
approaching before crossing the tracks.
• Always expect a train from any direction at
any time.
• Never drive onto a track until you can drive
all the way across. If it won’t fit, don’t
commit. Do not enter a crossing unless you
can drive completely through without
stopping. Remember trains are wider than
the track. Make sure the back of your bus is
at least 6 feet beyond the furthest rail.
• Cross tracks with care. Accelerate enough
so that the bus does not stall on the tracks.
Never stop the bus on the track for any
reason.
• If the School Bus stalls on or near the
tracks GET OUT IMMEDIATELY. A train,
which may weigh several thousand tons
traveling at 60 mph may take more than a
mile to stop. By the time the engineer on
the train sees the bus, it is too late to stop
• All highway-railroad crossings in North the train.
Carolina are required to have an • Move away from the bus and the tracks.
Emergency Notification System (ENS) sign Have the students walk quickly along the
posted in each traffic direction. The ENS roadway to a safe location away from the
sign, known as the "Blue sign," contains the railroad.
railroad crossing identification number, • When you are safely away from the tracks,
name of the railroad company and an locate the Blue sign located at or near the
emergency telephone number to report railroad crossing.
emergencies, hazardous conditions or • Call the railroad’s emergency phone
issues with lights or gates directly to the number and report the emergency. Give the
railroad. When you drive your route, look dispatcher the DOT crossing identification

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 number located on the Blue Sign. Tell drive the same to a position as near as possible
them your school bus is disabled on the and parallel to the right-hand edge or curb, clear of
tracks. any intersection of streets or highways, and shall
stop and remain in such position unless otherwise
directed by a law enforcement or traffic officer until
the law enforcement or fire department vehicle, or
the vehicle operated by the Division of Marine
Fisheries, or the Division of Parks and Recreation
of the Department of Environment and Natural
Resources, or the North Carolina Forest Service of
the Department of Agriculture and Consumer
Services, or the public or private ambulance or
rescue squad emergency service vehicle shall have
passed. Provided, however, this subsection shall
not apply to vehicles traveling in the opposite
direction of the vehicles herein enumerated when
traveling on a four-lane limited access highway with
a median divider dividing the highway for vehicles
traveling in opposite directions, and provided further
that the violation of this subsection shall be
negligence per se. Violation of this subsection is a
Class 2 misdemeanor.

Parking the Bus

• Also call, the local police, or 911. Tell them
a school bus is on the tracks. Provide Care should be taken to park the bus in a safe
location, crossing number, and the name of designated area not open to vandalism. In parking
the road or highway. the bus:
• Do not allow anyone to approach the bus • Use the designated area.
until the railroad dispatcher has confirmed
• Shut the bus down.
that all trains have been stopped. This may
o Shift to neutral.
take a few minutes.
o Set the parking brake.
• When turning near a track, use a turn signal o Turn off all equipment switches.
instead of the hazard lights. If unable to o Turn off ignition.
turn, stop for the tracks and clear the
• Reduce air pressure until button pop-out.
intersection, stop and check for a train
• Close all windows, roof hatches and doors.
before turning.
• Walk the aisle to check for passengers, any
interior damage, or items left on the bus.
Emergency Vehicles
• Sweep the interior of the bus.
According to G.S 20-157 (a): • Use chock blocks, if provided.
• Report equipment defects, any hazardous
Upon the approach of any law enforcement or fire conditions observed along the bus route,
department vehicle or public or private ambulance damage or items or passengers left on the
or rescue squad emergency service vehicle, or a bus to school transportation officials.
vehicle operated by the Division of Marine
Fisheries, or the Division of Parks and Recreation
of the Department of Environment and Natural
Resources, or the North Carolina Forest Service of
the Department of Agriculture and Consumer
Services when traveling in response to a fire alarm
or other emergency response purpose, giving
warning signal by appropriate light and by audible
bell, siren or exhaust whistle, audible under normal
conditions from a distance not less than 1000 feet,
the driver of every other vehicle shall immediately

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