Jule IT ity Dato. Communic nuni cation Techniques ancl Data 0 Link 7 ¢ “entrol The way in which Tete pranemit~ on teewel ata. Transmission \ ‘ + Laat serial — ‘Syndoneus Asynchioneus Paranel Tyangmission $= Source 8 bits (Io neo = 2 bits (10101100) - [reatived — Transmit AWA Panawely a % time dota an bits are - Example, Disodvan | = neh = Bsvoniogts = wires OKe — dime we{uite 4s Om bit by bit aS pestination Fe, nbits weuised nunes deta is bei g walres, seral - — Each tine Cares + oh deta BIE send, toaeeer lato: *eensmission betueen Gmputer ond printer . dleffic ut = ane cycle v dato, transmission . — dato transmission rote i iSAgmchenous Tomer ' a a / _ Serial o— Sypchronnus Acgachsonous SPchONUS Trengimission ! = (sees Synat) = Sending bits one after anon. = Peak block . = Net have Moat endl and blonk spores =~ TR ts veceiven res Vb ity 4p Count owogye Orel Heeek b > aeceedignty uhen my ausive — Able 4 “transmit dato "a distance . — Transmit-dcto ches Wy character, : — Add 0 at start Dit anda at og vit. — Also add ar ettaeer dato. ~ hd, — Mosti work On “wyte: VEY») a — use Fe cial ee on sy Senenit” ot en ond me +0 aBsiVe » MO 2, fyte level be ROU an0, ag. b Sender [orooiT [THO] Receiver + t Kin > a Ky F Mor 5 aedT pipierence between s Slonte SASS IR SYetrones and Asyehranous_ clate: tensmission Synchionous Asynchronous » eee bits one often anotier | 1) Transmit cata character by character, blo. < e cK “by bloc. ong block con Contain, many characters > Nitzout- start, end nel sop Add stant, encl ancl ops « in a Bax. 3) Able to transmit logge lator [ay not able to transmit dato oF 4 ar aq distance. . distance « 4) Fast transmission 4) slow transmission - : deta, DRE euereroe 5) cheap implementotion becouse Expensive becouse save dota Oe vue wee send. ing & 6) Use clock to Grtro) Hinmlea 6) send special Si ret ot vapor i to Send) me > of deta bring Send about “ey Egor Hondling Method := ing tsonsmission —Dois Con be Cossupted uri — For yeliable Ae aaa must be detected ancl correctedt . Types of Ertop i= — Single bir = Multi bite — Busst essor > fven data unit such os byte , chave- i eagle bit > omy oe bit oj ter, dato ies acker 1s Changed fond to 0 oF 0 to4. [oeTs aig © = pean To Send Receive. : bits ‘in we data unit have 2 Multi-bit > Two or more non cnscutive charyeel iyo, a +0 0 op 0 01. ope lolallo} '3-Burst< erior? > 2 on more Gnsicutive “Vite in me eto fan Cha el fem 1 40 0 or Oto 4. b — TE leah ek te burst exsop 2s measus écl fon i Vit 40 WE last coseupted wit Cormpted ic be cesupteal « — Some bits Inbetweett mey be no ( Burst estor len: ( zed oJ Jofalo]' Jefe [offal of ofoft | 1 4\ ofr (af ofo fof if 1] o Reeve Tol oli Eppop Detection = wee — only tg ability 4o detect an error but do not cosceck TEM aye veceiver must reIuest- a setransmiss) -% i on ertop, merge! - Rarity cheasig ywo- dimensions pority che , cheox cre . ) Pasity Checking Mettod $ = —one extra bit is used te 08 check: bit. = panity bit is cartuloted ar tHe borsifitten to make me total 70- oh dato. its es TH o parity Bits, has an, aen mi? o% Ws and odd no. Ckpendig ‘pen me perty F Lo petodiag is done by removing Oxtro bit , — detect “| ame bith ero" IN each Codewords . ex ‘ ROOT atabtts Povity bit: tye odd resity Bit jp - we ; ey mety 8 mint aa! - . 2) Juio -climension Parity cl et Disadvantage ok pority Chasking + — -i 7 ter evepy giep ch dats its - ~ fas dd nos ok NO exvor. 2-0 Olk -o-ok Roe ° ‘ 1 ca ose og Receiver Peceive ME (ole = 10101101 cas Tt Receiver yeecive, WE Code = JOON NOL. Subpese TOT Ye 2 a| Vorvan6 nol ov fy jes, WY “OnoeN oT Nol | 000000) | Net means, REY ge) =0 rgd means, RED'L ge) +o - | 7,e, No emp, ie, exxor y pose WRelynomia) Memod 3 = Step Carenlote TE a oh ee aneser =e StpD Calculate xh. moo, | St Calculate 2 ™l%) % ged = RE) siepd) Calculate Te TH) = aime) RIS) mR Sepp RE) = THY TEM) = TOD Zgly = ape y ER) =o = no crxor otigrwise ersop, gitees Ni ri) =0 Problems - Cotenlate mE THD code for me datowods 10 No IL and HE— jvison to 01 cy o mm(x) = Vora w= % he Adee tt obo, Tm here gixy = 0b = Vex tL i.e, ed (ge) = =3 ag a (x6 ph toe marl) = aly tg ak tod tad5 WP xt of pata gd porns tae ( apeapratra’ rar) i oeomacnain a $0, TR) = 2? BR) =the gta pgfan. =flo tot vooy] “Fioktem 2: - Generate HE CRE Code K tug dotowsord of, woo is yoioy Protem 3: — m2 10 10 LOM and aprenter poy remicd is caiculote ty *€ ke and write THE Atenemitted pene 10101 « The divisin aber = Tr divisor ina cyclic Code is nommatty catied THe Riaataes jporynemict of ot we reser - dic Cade, TOSE eS ervors Het are divisihe. by Qo ave not— cought eneroder hos. wore THEN One term and Te Co- efficient heey cong -1 le exsor Con be on Si =n generates BOF Containe ajeae numbered ertors- me Joust Crvor wir ust esror with Lb Oe _ * 2%) Con detect. att odd * cow LP win be defected . eray win be detected sine Probate - AD- an bust $e eriore BIRT LSP + will be detected aime prebebpy 1~ (ye | BA ars Polynomial gpneraten necds 40 have me prone chractev istic ¢ = Di shoud have ad least two terms | ) The Co. eHicienF 0} me tem a should be 1 » Tr Shoutd not divide ater ier t between 2 and n-t Ww) TE shoutd have te fector x44 r — | Polynomial Applicction | crs | AS exe REL Arr hecder J ercto | aeexrr abt rtentet ATM RAL | | erere | albaal2y ah 41 HDLC | ceege | xt 20988 alte aN alban + ola a+ Wha) | ans | tH ERE HKD | ) Dnternet- Checksum g= A Find Te checxsum até Senden and Receiver e me Fonentgg Sequence « foloon, 1Ololon, O1O1N010, No tot 0 f-+-Checksum eye iver sid Ist Complement additions — Been NAN dR ane yourooll Sender Side azrororotl oo Ooi 1o108dt! + \ + 1olololl TOTO RT OFT VS g Vor tore. | yor oot | “00 ot + yvototol ‘oraauiititl Drees t +g 191010 oo Bee TOlioot Tooovt 4 1 1o1olot ON 1008 70 oreo Te ooo A5C omplerment— oe gee Prt [fomroo0d Rvs oso Oly MO. | Problem - 24 - | es | ACER, FIER. IDFA, CIEE chensum fae Sales Recelven Side | PAF FATE ow .e ACéF 46er | oete 1265 mse ae T5FA no b1GE (Heel gal + 616E os —EEEE Cher ; wee (2 aa OF AS FCE 5 > SS “$Feq ------ ae sFct +7038 y FFE © Feed — A200) owe re ERROR CORRECTION $ = — When te ersor is discovered, we Yeceiver Osh te gendep td Pe-teanemit= tye Same lata gen — Receive Gon use on eyson- Corsecting Gdé tp detede and Qrveck ersors, qoute calli % Ramis (oles. | Hommt Codes = — Uses pority bits (seduncent- bits) located at ne certain peste = Detecr upto R ertons and Covet Single ersor - — Bick Jerd cloto unit lenatt, na f messoye bite M's 27 m-1 - m = pority Bits no. (n-H)’. ar Parity bir m=3, 1 =4, TH ah set, bits. = % poring cat Seackave += PB hamming lode is used, Een es aad Py fe Py > Pasity Bits |’ Dz D5, DE) DX 7 data bits’.SO bit location Able — Fesitions at power ok a te, ata), =a 2 ~ Rest position er databits- Assi Assigning Spe oa Pa = & = values eh Rarity bits Fi = According to even or edd parity tcl I oon 1s 23, 6.7 Vit location 4,5,6,4 Pro 1 ot of Pires 1 ati fa? 3 oF its tol tin Aiken Dettemine which Coded chosacken,,iS digi it Pe its we rE } on | ew | to 1 tol Bt is in evsor in me even part Woot Detecting py [ee | os | & ele tao | yu bs | mph fran exxor e parity ee cree = |e Pa pony, bit cheeks exist. 1-2 odd ir 28 Fee's ‘ \ 0 oO}! - Even no. ie .even heks 1,3,54 ¢ oui| amm a Odd no. % ts so ersor parity. fe Ts so No_essoe arity >% fay bits nas & 45,6, z. . : : GU Deer] pis. $0 ME City 7 > Even no of | Evtor detected as 0 #0 j@ €ven Ran 9 Cossecdk™ ‘ | ever (evseraerd) > LooTr] > deans voor® a 4- | Th Soys tot Lit position 1 is in ero? | Se, cessed oka (1100110 / ewe rE ast position Snvaitc we rvoune yor » ¥ | Line Conkiguration $ | Tr is a meted connecting tho of more Communicatin’ devies to 0 Link is Caued a8 tne 6 Conk unafin - Yes Ky tine Cor\qution Foint- to- Muth) Point Communication . | | beet -t0- Foint— a Point to- Foint— Communicotion Pd OR IOS \ a4 Algonitym een ; - athe te Apne nocveeds) | ile (true) (tw white (teue) H | Wei. Fer event) cit For. Event CD on ios L } Event iecst to Ser . | bi vent (Request to s i] ib (even (actives Wot cts Get Data (); Receive Frame ()* Maxe Frame (3; Extract Date 4 Send Frame ();, Deliver Dato > | } | } } Stop-N-Wwit Protocol 9 = | 7A Te data- ames wives of ig receiver site foster Ten Wey Con be ‘poocessedl , He same must be Stored untin ther use. The receiver does not BS have enoysh oy spae, especiatly ak it is Peceivy Gato tyom many sesources » This \ Moy result in etter TE dliscandii of tyomes oF Adenia} ax Service - 60, Te olution tere must be Kedbork tron receiven GA to Sender. — 60, we use stop and woit Psotocel, because The Sender sends one same, stops unt 1b wceives Conhirrration Jom me Peceiver, And wen Sends Te next ome s — Tt is also unidisection, but axiliagy ASK ‘ome Agave om omer Aisection -—_——_—_—_——__#' Senden —— — Request _B | pecefver Aprivel Arivot Request Apsival Aisi ved Time Time OPM helen site hite (true) = Mf Repack Feseve? on ‘end =true-- - 4. 2s Hallow TE Hse Hyome He Wot For Event 0) - _ = =. J sleep unt the Event occurs Tk ( Event (nequest- +6 send) AND Cansend) Get pota 05 Moke Frame OF Zend Frame VU; Cansend = FALSE)--7- ~~ Lp send THe dete Fame Hreante send Until AK arrives “pail For’ event Us = -- + Uy steep untiy HE Event occurs cs Ceyent- (Arrival notification) -- Nl AK hos arived { Receive drome GO: - ~ -H Receive TE ACK Yroame Consend = TRUE 5 i1. aff | Receiver site — | White (tone) oy [Repeat Yoreven - i weit For EVent Q Wsteer until on event ©¢Cuy TB He (Event (maine Notificationy) - It dete Iyomne aesives- Receive Frame (5: Extract Dato (y+ Delive ; ees We (Dota)... pp deliver data 40 weber bye, } Senet Frame (5 =. ~~ fp send an ack Fame - > J Talculate the efficiency and throughput using stop-n-waity Prowl... : ml a a a p 1 <= ° = Hime to toKe. re last wit tyonemitted: @ne.side TO onotrer Side ob wire » a destion 4s wait a aklay Tor Fs Called Aueuing dela Dace Qa) and Pasty ley (CTpecess). , Toro) Kime foven Yo send one pak = + Tp tI 6tss* Tg +1; Dacre TT Gey meas . 7" ”) fe Ter] " Tn heve, we are usin Te Hime econ ond is waif AcKnewaledgement- “Wor feead Wp Tong inafienpy. In . Predulty stop sendy Faker” tor mee ceThough pur (s) = EBL if we send (reat) seond L BIE af Te tax Tp ten ae L Te aon EXPT Paetded and multiply wise uation Te Rate Bendre) er Ay oe Elfective Bankuidme = Te sd Te tR* Tp op eB. 7 $424 Te —— jeman «© 2 ae os sive mye yout T= Bandwidly distoct Tp =~ Tnateayy “V Suppose T= | msec Sor 1 1 t - 5 Te nee Vo Fee EE Lsekut time Total cycle time => Toteush put (6). §= me of © Protocery Te Z 4 Ter Ax Tp Least) ~ Daemnitnn 1420 (where a = Ez). Os = no f Process executesl in per second . CO - mo ‘ instruction is executed in pessecond « cw ~ Mo. yet Tt “Tp bit aye send per Secench. 1 Trae geteg Te eHficieney is 33-33% eae ii. “ ; } Eicblem=8 Suppese TE = amsec So \ iaaioes Va >Re UI 2u Tt z 1 re y w sg = por | fioblem-3 Ma a | 01 > | > | aa > wwe Know, Disadvan - elem — effective AE? rz KBE sticienyy 5 oF tease 0% ar shat fs between TE and Te + a Yor 27 > TER Te? ** 7p me relationship Ls is ‘Bond L [bee ake packet es 72 ne Si Wh Peer] E Bu = 4 mbps » Tp =} msec, what is U where me efficiency js or east 50%. Ly AxP*B L y exw? ra an’ “yp exe bits] SPT oh HE FaeKet is mt very much high Banduialy is, less.Suppose T= and Bn=4 mbps) ther whol is me, etfedve bodaim > sy som o ce -9e « evs EB) — St In here me bandwide is 4 mbps bur he eifective band - hdl is R mbps. te, it uses ony Yo °h he bandwidte , because in here using Y ek te bandioidte ee tsansmiltin a Pocket and anoreer Yo ok THe bandiwiaty is used ke q roi ti ie Acknowledgement” - $0, THE effective bandwidth is less - Factor clepends on. We Atticleney $= a0 — tl = Tea) iia [> here, v= velocity met ic tued 5 dl = distance, L = size of, poker) B= Bandwidth * Band v_ boms ae epends on medium, So Hey are pred oo 1+ 2% xB — Ered . ie cl F ten ne denominator increases Ter n4is decrease . LS stop and woit- protecel is better fer ede clistance stat means LAN not WAM a a increased. | Ly go, it is good de TH leigaer pocket not malt pect G0, THe analy sis is, Stop-w- ust pretoce 4s beter ter LAN and big ger packet:. 7 | Enron Controt ° = nn > Erion Contror i ‘ol is hot exp cletection and enter corcection - TE anos MP receTver to Inform ‘Ne sender tn ay Yate & last- on came ed in tyanemission. and, co-ond nates TC Pe. tiansmiesion oh tyose {eames 4 ne sender. | Wise | sy ARH stonds 4° | (For niisy channel) Se Be , Reuest] Stop-N- Wed - Sliding winds protec | Gio bok Selective Repeat ARD ARQ. Stop n- Walt ARP: 3 = — In here simple ester Conisey Mechanism 46 used « = Step ns uci ARQ 6 done by Keep awry Se sent tome and saben h frome when ne Aimer exptie ° - — In heve atyee ses ds hopped, below the besiy: case 3% deodle condition a Se Ty = Time Suk Timer» Rs dora, s , . « oe Stop-N- OIE Prolacel + Time cut Timms = 2 Bip wt ARGeaoe Augticate packet prcblem te ¥ sa” & > 2, ¢ rs 0 . 1) ty 2 . Ny ip fen A pian 0, [ekg wows poke + Tine otteee ¥ Beuence-wo- dot e3t- Rising pore pucbiem t= 4), o8t, Shp N-wok poo! + Timmer. time-out + SeTuence no. ne Coto frame + Sequence no. 4, peragigaement. ay pee Senessly pee parker No. alioay nerement- 3 he r . © ‘lato. poorer mee. Souente me. i omen Fe Teg reine is Aa-Protolem Suppest, we wise Step N cit: Proto! 4o sead 10 Packer from sender qe feceiver, out h mis every AM packet Ts lost. NOW jen me, how many transmission 4s veduived to transmit 9 tte Poxerand mh ne poewel which ave re tnsmitted 7 Sut = 44 5 6 tt & 9 1010. + t Lost pecker So, transmission reduived =[13 and de- transmitted Pace ish T, 0 1b Te ene rebel) % a channet is 20 h* % yew Send 400 pocket” in Ms channe, ten how mary Reeser packer” Ose to be send 2 et Tetat pocket send = Nee) 400: (te) EE *) he Suppose, yorker 18, = A 26K proleabitity % chonnet = P- 2 Se. ng Yeto porrer bond = ENP ENP ED Pee +0 =n (+ ret ee tee),[ ate windows Pretocoi € te fs the tgonitical cenapt » — 54 practically implemented in a mma ae Gre - back -1y ARP Selective Repeat (ARP) CRocticat proto oi) (Recticat Protect ) }) ender window site in Gan 1) Senden taindow site > 1 1S N G10 a) Receiver window site ie = Senden > Receiver window site = 4 Lindow Site Ws 3) eee eens 4) Acknoaledgement: DG@o- bock- wt AV Go noc ARG a hip) atom — We Con send A several frames be me egy — We Keep oO Opy t ese Remes until. He 8 R out-standing seuence feomes. 4 Hames are outstondi acts mae 4 . AS 4 wo sugfng bee\, | D Sender window Fite th @R@is Ge.q0 | oN TS te sender window sites Ho >I | Pe Ww here Gm19 means sus = 10 | Boblem I Svppese TE =l msec, Tp =do-5 msec et i Geto and BU =4o mbps, tign 6 = 2 , | Soms- Ws VARA 2 tex. 149. 49% 2499) 2160 1 ( ME means too prot gen Bat in here Nb =10 So, N= He = to Gs Hx eu = 1S. x40 mbps = Arbps « 2) Receiver windea site =1. (evoys), o- 0 £ 3 poog ax SMppose, packet no. a Hs Les ax tym discosd al WE pea Ak Often packet No A thet Set Means 34,5.) ee .oy - discord . | 0.2 Fs lest, Soe | beindow ces back tog | lest podkem and re-tvanem jou ae Subsequent fo,it is coued back-N, Problem, Tn GB, 1 we have fo 4 7 =e "345615619 7 8 [> 10) steps) \2245¢ . aid test “T8641 89 48 9 10910 So, total tremsmission yeluived <] Prcblem- 2. In GBA, if “a GR pecnet” arr is being transmitted is lestrand if mb teansmission 7S re(utred 7 We have 40 send 10 Paccet, ren how sas. ot) faa] age 9] to 2 shy test SMP 1k a 4s ee 8 oc tie 9 10] 2 ost SEH 1234564696485 108 910 $0, total tronsmigsion veduived =| SD) Adrrouledgement: : t-> @umulative Ack LS Individual “ACK . s R : ; : Advi- Tiaitie tess ' Retideity bgp Twattic. high. Yost oa Te RO” a is lost be, seliabitity is less. 5 Cormiative AK 4 ‘ fee, many Parker one _ = Go- back- n ARG USES Cumulatire ceknotegggrment ue, many Pat aennaategge ment = 4 ey Goa : Pkt) : , 7 Acxaingr 3 = he . Gonaition, To. . | w Reatinch betucen a Window S120 and ony peas ‘uence Number fn case of oP Senden windon ale = » Receive window sire et gS vt 4 R sa” GR4 eo aod x, TR me Sender ain ais is 4, Recive tindow site =! and Setyence ‘a jo 5 men me duplicate packet Proiem is detved- O,HR, 3, diccard becduse he Recefyor is walt for bean " =4 vor hee mot 150,42, 3- discard . t¢, no. duplicate a Richie « In General, 4 Senden window size = Receiver waindow size = 1- 50, To avoid Tye duplicate packer problem we are usin Setuence NO. = a 59, Pule Ts © Pose ew. a (ne 1) 2 nsw,eae re Loses — HOMSEN oe a Sone anet mY TAN Ne setuence fo, = NL Oral mininars no, af Ee Wea ye % =P lop 2 (NH) Cose 8! = NK Selene = AEM Wy NI) ged qo We tk 5 bp Wy =2 5 Weel fiy Case 3 . No. % vequived bit =k. men Me sel.nd. = 2) pee ee] Se. hate means Wy FUR < ASN (as = Avaliable Seluence NO.) . Selective- Repeat ARO = Tt does net Resend N tyames when “ust one i, a we Nes is fe-send. IES ‘gene is lost 5 mx AK so ) ender uindow site Ws > 1- fe: HE Te = IMS; Tee As ms 5 Ws =50 ; usta me SR puetocel whot— is we ays! u ne Sond Tb. ok, Four endl = Martimam channel Cape x = 1*R20 = eRe 7 +2.) = 100. But in herve, packet send = 50 % Us = =a =k Pe eee ee ee Oe ee er ee yef— = = ee 2) Receiver window Site WR = Sender hindow size Ws Sea es wand =I here We = WR (a27e)t (el biy | - He = 4: mea R24 In here Recetver is wot 4 packer, not: onty one Sb thar means Receiver Size herter Condition - ‘ — Re Wrarsmicsion ts very ess. in THES rotecel + Rokiem > = Ie Ms =3, Packer no +30, vey SR poker is best, mer how troncmission is wQuired 2 Pee Sf 123 4 gre F # OAI0. Sip Aree 23 4 5B ore 9 9 10. 50, yeQuired transmicsion 78 =a} =e But Tn Same Gsé, "GRN protocel Hangmicsior : — S52, In *R G@se eh. WRe- transmission ts. high in GRN prot tah the SR protocol — Deen del TOS? | if ug = 3, packer No, =10, ‘and er aM pocket ts st Now me transmission 7s yequired N to send an me & | "sey 1 A CAIRO 10 * ‘ n ag retired =| a: 8 Fl gi a a a ak 2 aa AS eta 89 10. BED) DB 4 age agg, Maen 2, 30, total transmission is, seuited =[13] 2 Uo[? nognealee gement 3: : yet uces Individual acknouledgement. | 3 Rn Gen i oe = The packet is out-of order and bit ow 2 i ¢ bom care & Pe Anside nyt pooret, in He Protocel discard UF poner. | In 5 : — = In tye Cost th SR giewul, ig? mh) A BR PIOteco! gerd a) oo Coowpted , ce ees 5p ackroule emer (MACK). 7°” a er ut wede mT is 0, He yeceivet © [spree tyre POC * | come bits off ceseapted+ aul petes TE Tob casked fo Sender to qtrensmit. ME pooxet again € nt thea advanted protocol - expeirel So, it Ge oct: recive Repel PASE conpavsen oh, stopewzuct, Gp bet w ond Shee RTE Poyameter l Stop-N- Wait AR | — Go-lbaek-NI ARP oa Filidene: t 7 1420 Sk ae. x Buter (ist) (vat) (wan) WbeQuence 10 (ry 9 RE-hensmission 1 Banduidm tow — >» CPY fous Ee lhete : * Aasroledgeet| Snlividv ) Jwpementonion Yous mei ase £ a % BW, CPL is Modarote) Butter sire is a Using mK Bu is mackrate, CM high 5 BUHET Site 1s high a, Genee Nigh - evel- data Wink (wope) Protocen t = _ Fy - He 35.0 bit cmentecl Proto r . x col Jor Communjcetion over point -to- and muti yee tink. g id Pit - The high lever data lin protece! (nore) devioped by TSO - = Hpte protoced has nee ations defined * Taimary Bhvion a silat Staton, 7 * conan sation. Poimapy statitn - Pacicaily “He is @ Sender. ResPonsibie ¥ Cats a see Frames Hesued by primagy operahon ok Te Un caned Commonds. potes under the - Seandapy sistent = TE is -basiccily a Recetver. ope io H i i See 0 Conttol § we price tation. Frames issued by @ one are Caned Responses ' Combined _ station += Gembine te teahute ob | Prime ond secondary « A Gmbined tation Mey Que bs commard anc Sper Tronster mode | anal | Mormat Response Asyndhionous Balanced Asynchronous | Mode (wR) mode (apm), Response mode ARM - me Tale mode ts suitable = This made 1s opplicddle. . ) | ger peint point ant +o. goint-4o-poi” Comm - THIS mode ts ustd yo Gmmunication sat tor multi- potae— nication between. Com- 0 I pak ® i , bined station. petueen. prego Conky qutation nw Fach Station ON seul aptatidl + ' nction, OS. point / ei secondeFame structure tn HDLe, aml MSE o au HUG) oOlmlimno. FLA ae - [Fits [| [=P sigrot [rcs [08] b eh it kbe natn trometer kone: PYISOSY Frame « - Flag Fietd — ree ond yr ohne rome - serves os Syncaicon 2. Address etd - eat ne vi & secon station - 3. Control Ke - Used fo exsor and Ree Conkrol- 4. Information fergl - Vser's data ond es alpeanart eid. 5. Fes fer! (Frame check setiengt) pre exsor detection ¥ B There ave tye Kyomes defined in HDLC t= J. T- frome a. S- fyome a. u frame: fame 6s Y NIS)- Setut [tir [sey] conta geal. roe | >| PIF -1 data i \e—"ehiis ore to ° poeoe R- S- fame ts Tans, (ea [ae only one Ma! in tt [Bal Addvess. erin] Fes a ee * rite TIF Tie ese Yeo bit Stet btsie-2 bit SS =O 5 (RR) & peceiver ie SS FOU (Re) — Reed ss =-lo3 (RNR) = ee ceiver nob eady SS = NS Selective - repeat” re | 3 L- frame f= Le Reserved ter system mare ne a ‘fr Jn Is | mT] Conte) pes 1etede >} l<— Code —>|