Pearson Edexcel Level 3

GCE Mathematics
Advanced Subsidiary
Paper 1: Pure Mathematics
Paper Reference(s)
Time: 2 hours 8MA0/01
You must have:
Mathematical Formulae and Statistical Tables, calculator
Candidates may use any calculator permitted by Pearson regulations. Calculators must not
have the facility for algebraic manipulation, differentiation and integration, or have
retrievable mathematical formulae stored in them.

Instructions
• Use black ink or ball-point pen.
• If pencil is used for diagrams/sketches/graphs it must be dark (HB or B).
• Answer all questions and ensure that your answers to parts of questions are clearly
labelled.
• Answer the questions in the spaces provided – there may be more space than you need.
• You should show sufficient working to make your methods clear. Answers without
working may not gain full credit.
• Inexact answers should be given to three significant figures unless otherwise stated.

Information
• A booklet ‘Mathematical Formulae and Statistical Tables’ is provided.
• There are 15 questions in this paper. The total mark is 100.
• The marks for each question are shown in brackets – use this as a guide as to how much
time to spend on each question.

Advice
• Read each question carefully before you start to answer it.
• Try to answer every question.
• Check your answers if you have time at the end.
• If you change your mind about an answer, cross it out and put your new answer and
any working underneath.

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 Answer ALL questions. Write your answers in the spaces provided.

1. Find
1
∫(2 𝑥𝑥 2 − 9√𝑥𝑥 + 4) d𝑥𝑥

giving your answer in its simplest form.

1 1 1
∫ � 𝑥𝑥 2 − 9√𝑥𝑥 + 4� 𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑 = ∫ � 𝑥𝑥 2 − 9𝑥𝑥 2 + 4� 𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑
2 2
3
1 𝑥𝑥 3 𝑥𝑥 2
= × −9× + 4𝑥𝑥 + 𝑐𝑐
2 3 3
2
𝑥𝑥 3 3
= − 6𝑥𝑥 2 + 4𝑥𝑥 + 𝑐𝑐
6

M1 Attempts to integrate awarded for any correct power

1 𝑥𝑥 3
A1 Correct two non fractional power terms e.g. × − ⋯ + 4𝑥𝑥
2 3
3
𝑥𝑥 2
A1 Correct fractional power term e.g. …− 9 × 3 +⋯
2

A1 Completely correct, simplified and including constant of integration seen on one line.
3
𝑥𝑥 3
− 6𝑥𝑥 2 + 4𝑥𝑥 + 𝑐𝑐
6

(Total for Question 1 is 4 marks)

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2. Use a counterexample to show that the following statement is false.
‘‘𝑛𝑛2 − 𝑛𝑛 + 5 is a prime number, for 2 ≤ 𝑛𝑛 ≤ 6’’

22 − 2 + 5 = 7
32 − 3 + 5 = 11
42 − 4 + 5 = 17
52 − 5 + 5 = 25
25 is not a prime number, so 𝑛𝑛 = 5 is a counterexample.

M1 Tries at least one value in the interval

e.g. 32 − 3 + 5 = 11
A1 States that when n = 5 it is false and provides evidence

(Total for Question 2 is 2 marks)

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3. Given that the point A has position vector 𝑥𝑥i − j, the point B has position vector

−2𝐢𝐢 + 𝑦𝑦𝐣𝐣 and �����⃗

𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴 = −3𝐢𝐢 + 4𝐣𝐣, find:
a. the values of x and y

�����⃗ �����⃗ + 𝑂𝑂𝑂𝑂

𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴 = −𝑂𝑂𝑂𝑂 �����⃗
= −(𝑥𝑥𝒊𝒊 − 𝒋𝒋) + −2𝒊𝒊 + 𝑦𝑦𝒋𝒋
= −𝑥𝑥𝒊𝒊 + 𝒋𝒋 − 2𝒊𝒊 + 𝑦𝑦𝒋𝒋
= (−2 − 𝑥𝑥)𝒊𝒊 + (𝑦𝑦 + 1)𝒋𝒋 = −3𝒊𝒊 + 4𝒋𝒋
Equating the i and j coefficients:
−2 − 𝑥𝑥 = −3 ⇒ 𝑥𝑥 = 1
𝑦𝑦 + 1 = 4 ⇒ 𝑦𝑦 = 3

�����⃗ = �����⃗
M1 Attempts 𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴 �����⃗
𝑂𝑂𝑂𝑂 − 𝑂𝑂𝑂𝑂
A1 Equating the coefficients of i and j and attempts to find the value of x or y
A1 Both correct values of x and y
(3)

b. a unit vector in the direction of �����⃗

𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴.

Find the length of �����⃗

𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴:
�����⃗� = �(−3)2 + 42
�𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴
=5
�����⃗
𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴
�����⃗ will be the vector
A unit vector in the direction of 𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴 �����⃗|
|𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴

−3 4
unit vector: 𝒊𝒊 + 𝒋𝒋
5 5

�����⃗�
M1 makes an attempt to use Pythagoras theorem to find �𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴

A1 correct answer only

(2)
(Total for Question 3 is 5 marks)

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4. The line l1 has equation 2𝑥𝑥 − 3𝑦𝑦 = 9
The line l2 passes through the points (3, −1)and (−1,5)

Determine, giving full reasons for your answer, whether lines l1 and l2 are parallel,
perpendicular or neither.

Find the line 𝑙𝑙1 in the form 𝑦𝑦 = 𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚 + 𝑐𝑐 (to find the gradient)
2
𝑙𝑙1 : 𝑦𝑦 =
𝑥𝑥 − 3
3
2
𝑚𝑚2 =
3
Find the gradient of the line 𝑙𝑙2 :
−1 − 5
𝑚𝑚2 =
3 − −1
−6 3
= =−
4 2
Two lines are perpendicular if 𝑚𝑚1 × 𝑚𝑚2 = −1
2 3
𝑚𝑚1 × 𝑚𝑚2 = ×−
3 2
= −1 so the two lines are perpendicular

B1 States the gradient of line l1 correctly

M1 attempts to find gradient of line joining (3, −1)and ((−1,5)
M1 attempts the product of 𝑚𝑚1 and 𝑚𝑚2
A1 states that lines l1 and l2 are perpendicular.

(Total for Question 4 is 4 marks)

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5. A student is asked to solve the equation

log 3 𝑥𝑥 − log 3 √𝑥𝑥 − 2 = 1

The student’s attempt is shown

log 3 𝑥𝑥 − log 3 √𝑥𝑥 − 2 = 1

𝑥𝑥 − √𝑥𝑥 − 2 = 31

𝑥𝑥 − 3 = √𝑥𝑥 − 2
(𝑥𝑥 − 3)2 = 𝑥𝑥 − 2
𝑥𝑥 2 − 7𝑥𝑥 + 11 = 0
7+√5 7−√5
𝑥𝑥 = or 𝑥𝑥 =
2 2

a. Identify the error made by this student, giving a brief explanation.

B1 The student goes wrong in line 2, where the subtraction should be a division as
𝑥𝑥
log 𝑥𝑥 − log 𝑦𝑦 = log .
𝑦𝑦

(1)
b. Write out the correct solution.

Using the subtraction law for logarithms:

𝑥𝑥
log 3 =1
√𝑥𝑥−2

Taking each side of the equation to the power of 3:

𝑥𝑥
= 31
√𝑥𝑥−2

Rearranging to find 𝑥𝑥

𝑥𝑥 = 3√𝑥𝑥 − 2
𝑥𝑥 2 = 9(𝑥𝑥 − 2)
𝑥𝑥 2 − 9𝑥𝑥 + 18 = 0
(𝑥𝑥 − 6)(𝑥𝑥 − 3) = 0
𝑥𝑥 = 6 , 𝑥𝑥 = 3
M1 using the subtraction law and power law correctly.
M1 student obtains a quadratic and correctly factorises their quadratic
A1 both values of x are correct
(3)
(Total for Question 5 is 4 marks)

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6.
h

O t
Figure 1
A stone is thrown over level ground from the top of a tower, X.
The height, h, in meters, of the stone above the ground level after t seconds is modelled
by the function.
h(𝑡𝑡) = 7 + 21𝑡𝑡 − 4.9𝑡𝑡 2 , 𝑡𝑡 ≥ 0
A sketch of h against t is shown in Figure 1.

Using the model,

a. give a physical interpretation of the meaning of the constant term 7 in the model.
B1 The tower is 7 m tall, the stone is at height 7m at time 0
(1)
b. find the time taken after the stone is thrown for it to reach ground level.
Need to find the points such that ℎ(𝑡𝑡) = 0:
−21±�(21)2 −4(−4.9)(7)
𝑡𝑡 =
2(−4.9)

𝑡𝑡 = −0.31079 … or 𝑡𝑡 = 4.59650 …
𝑡𝑡 must be positive as the stone move forwards
𝑡𝑡 = 4.60 seconds
M1 Recognising that the values of 𝑡𝑡 such that ℎ(𝑡𝑡) = 0 need to be found
M1 uses the quadratic formula to find the values of t
A1 states that t = 4.60 sec is the correct answer OR crosses out the other answer OR
explains that t must be positive
(3)

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 c. Rearrange h(𝑡𝑡) into the form 𝐴𝐴 − 𝐵𝐵(𝑡𝑡 − 𝐶𝐶)2 , where A, B and C are constants to be
found.

Expand 𝐴𝐴 − 𝐵𝐵(𝑡𝑡 − 𝐶𝐶)2 :

𝐴𝐴 − 𝐵𝐵(𝑡𝑡 − 𝐶𝐶)2 = 𝐴𝐴 − 𝐵𝐵(𝑡𝑡 2 − 2𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶 + 𝐶𝐶 2 )
= −𝐵𝐵𝑡𝑡 2 + 2𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶 + (𝐴𝐴 − 𝐶𝐶 2 𝐵𝐵)
Equating the coefficients:
−𝐵𝐵𝑡𝑡 2 + 2𝐵𝐵𝐵𝐵𝐵𝐵 + (𝐴𝐴 − 𝐶𝐶 2 𝐵𝐵) = −4.9𝑡𝑡 2 + 21𝑡𝑡 + 7
𝐵𝐵 = 4.9
21 15
2𝐵𝐵𝐵𝐵 = 21 ⇒ 2𝐶𝐶 = ⇒ 𝐶𝐶 =
4.9 7
𝐴𝐴 − 𝐶𝐶 2 𝐵𝐵 = 7 ⇒ 𝐴𝐴 − 22.5 = 7 ⇒ 𝐴𝐴 = 29.5

B1 Achieves 7 + 21𝑡𝑡 − 4.9𝑡𝑡 2 = −4.9(𝑡𝑡 ± 𝑘𝑘)2 ± ⋯ or states that 𝐵𝐵 = 4.9

M1 deals correctly with first two terms of 7 + 21𝑡𝑡 − 4.9𝑡𝑡 2
15 2
Scored for 7 + 21𝑡𝑡 − 4.9𝑡𝑡 2 = −4.9 �𝑡𝑡 − � ± ⋯ or states with B = 4.9
7
15
and C =
7

A1 All coefficients correct

(3)
d. Using your answer to part c or otherwise, find the maximum height of the stone above
the ground, and the time after which this maximum height is reached.

15
When completing the square, the maximum height is given by 𝐶𝐶 = 29.5. 𝑡𝑡 =
7

B1 Maximum height
B1 time

(2)
(Total for Question 6 is 9 marks)

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7. In a triangle PQR, PQ = 20 cm, PR = 10 cm and angle QPR = 𝜃𝜃, where 𝜃𝜃 is measured in
degrees. The area of triangle PQR is 80 cm2.
3
a. Show that the two possible values of cos 𝜃𝜃 = ±
5

𝑄𝑄

1
area of a triangle = 𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎 sin 𝐶𝐶
2

𝑎𝑎 = 𝑃𝑃𝑃𝑃, 𝑏𝑏 = 𝑃𝑃𝑃𝑃, 𝐶𝐶 = 𝑄𝑄𝑄𝑄𝑄𝑄

𝜃𝜃 1
𝑃𝑃 𝑅𝑅 80 = × 20 × 10 × sin 𝜃𝜃
2

4
sin 𝜃𝜃 =
5

using sin2 𝜃𝜃 + cos 2 𝜃𝜃 = 1 (or a triangle method)

4 2
cos2 𝜃𝜃 = 1 − � �
5
9
cos2 𝜃𝜃 =
25
3
cos 𝜃𝜃 = ±
5

M1 use the area formula and attempts to find the value of sin 𝜃𝜃
A1 correct value of sin 𝜃𝜃
M1 uses their value of sin 𝜃𝜃 to find two values of cos 𝜃𝜃 with the correct formula
A1 correct value of cos 𝜃𝜃

(4)

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Given that QR is the longest side of the triangle,
b. Find the exact perimeter of the triangle PQR, giving your answer as a simplified surd.

cosine rule: 𝑎𝑎2 = 𝑏𝑏 2 + 𝑐𝑐 2 − 2𝑏𝑏𝑏𝑏 cos 𝐴𝐴

𝑎𝑎 = 𝑄𝑄𝑄𝑄, 𝑏𝑏 = 𝑃𝑃𝑃𝑃, 𝑐𝑐 = 𝑃𝑃𝑃𝑃, 𝐴𝐴 = 𝑄𝑄𝑄𝑄𝑄𝑄
3 3
cos 𝜃𝜃 = ⇒ 53.13, cos 𝜃𝜃 = − ⇒ 126.87
5 5
Choosing a negative value of cos 𝜃𝜃 will give the longest side.
𝑄𝑄𝑄𝑄2 = 102 + 202 − 2 × 10 × 20 × cos 𝜃𝜃
3
𝑄𝑄𝑄𝑄2 = 102 + 202 − 2 × 10 × 20 × −
5
𝑄𝑄𝑄𝑄2 = 740
𝑄𝑄𝑄𝑄 = ±2√185
𝑄𝑄𝑄𝑄 is a length so must be positive:
𝑄𝑄𝑄𝑄 = 2√185

𝑃𝑃𝑃𝑃𝑃𝑃𝑃𝑃𝑃𝑃𝑃𝑃𝑃𝑃𝑃𝑃𝑃𝑃: 10 + 20 + 2√185 = 30 + 2√185

M1 uses a suitable method of finding the longest side by choosing a negative value
of cos 𝜃𝜃 and proceeds to find QR using a cosine rule.
A1 the value of QR is correct
𝑄𝑄𝑄𝑄 = 2√185
A1 perimeter = 30 +2√185

(3)

(Total for Question 7 is 7 marks)

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8.

G
E
D
h cm
F
C
A
x cm 2x cm

B
Figure 2
Figure 2 shows a solid cuboid ABCDEFGH.
AB = x cm, BC = 2x cm, AE = h cm
The total surface area of the cuboid is 180 cm2.
The volume of the cuboid is V cm3.
4𝑥𝑥 3
a. Show that 𝑉𝑉 = 60𝑥𝑥 −
3

Surface area: 2(2𝑥𝑥 2 + ℎ𝑥𝑥 + 2𝑥𝑥ℎ) = 180

180−4𝑥𝑥 2
4𝑥𝑥 2 + 6𝑥𝑥ℎ = 180 ⇒ ℎ =
6𝑥𝑥

Substituting into the formula for the volume:

𝑉𝑉 = ℎ × 𝑥𝑥 × 2𝑥𝑥
180−4𝑥𝑥 2
𝑉𝑉 = × 2𝑥𝑥 2
6𝑥𝑥

360𝑥𝑥 2 −8𝑥𝑥 4 4𝑥𝑥 3

𝑉𝑉 = = 60𝑥𝑥 −
6𝑥𝑥 3

M1 attempting an expression in terms of x and y for the total surface area

A1 correct expression equated to 180
M1 substitute h into 𝑉𝑉 = 2𝑥𝑥 2 ℎ to form an expression in terms of x only
A1 correct solution only
(4)

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 Given that x can vary,
b. use calculus to find, to 3 significant figures, the value of x for which V is a maximum.
Justify that this value of x gives a maximum value of V.

4𝑥𝑥 3
Want to find the maximum of 𝑉𝑉 = 60𝑥𝑥 −
3
𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑
= 60 − 4𝑥𝑥 2
𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑
𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑
When = 0, 60 − 4𝑥𝑥 2 = 0, 𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠 𝑥𝑥 2 = 15
𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑

𝑥𝑥 = ±√15
Finding the second derivative and substituting in:
𝑑𝑑 2 𝑉𝑉
= −8𝑥𝑥
𝑑𝑑𝑥𝑥 2

𝑑𝑑 2 𝑉𝑉 𝑑𝑑 2 𝑉𝑉
When 𝑥𝑥 = −√15, = 8√15 and when 𝑥𝑥 = √15, = −8√15
𝑑𝑑𝑥𝑥 2 𝑑𝑑𝑥𝑥 2

𝑑𝑑 2 𝑉𝑉
< 0 at a local maximum, so 𝑥𝑥 = √15
𝑑𝑑𝑥𝑥 2

𝑥𝑥 = 3.87 to 3 significant figures

(could also consider that 𝑥𝑥 is a length so must be positive, but will still need to show that the
second derivative is negative)

B1 Finding the first derivative (does not have to be correct)

𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑
M1 equate their to 0 and solve for 𝑥𝑥 2 or x
𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑

A1 Correct 𝑥𝑥 values
M1 finding the second derivative and considering the sign
A1 correct reason and conclusion
(5)

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 c. Find the maximum value of V, giving your answer to the nearest cm3.

Substitute 𝑥𝑥 = √15 into the formula for 𝑉𝑉

3
4�√15�
𝑉𝑉 = 60√15 −
3

𝑉𝑉 = 40√15 = 154.9193 = 155𝑐𝑐𝑚𝑚3 to the nearest 𝑐𝑐𝑚𝑚3

M1 substitutes their 𝑥𝑥 value into the given expression for V.

A1 correct answer only

(2)
(Total for Question 8 is 11 marks)

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9. f(𝑥𝑥) = −2𝑥𝑥 3 − 𝑥𝑥 2 + 4𝑥𝑥 + 3
a. Use the factor theorem to show that (3 − 2𝑥𝑥) is a factor of f(x).

The factor theorem states that (𝑥𝑥 − 𝑎𝑎) is a factor of 𝑓𝑓(𝑥𝑥) if and only if 𝑓𝑓(𝑎𝑎) = 0.
3
(3 − 2𝑥𝑥) = 0 ⇒ 𝑥𝑥 =
2

3 3 3 3 2 3
𝑓𝑓 � � = −2 � � − � � + 4 � � + 3
2 2 2 2

3
𝑓𝑓 � � = 0, so (3 − 2𝑥𝑥) is a factor
2

3
M1 substituting into f(x)
2

A1 Requires a correct statement and conclusion.

(2)

b. Hence show that f(x) can be written in the form f(𝑥𝑥) = (3 − 2𝑥𝑥)(𝑥𝑥 + 𝑎𝑎)2 where a is an
integer to be found.

Can divide 𝑓𝑓(𝑥𝑥) by (3 − 2𝑥𝑥) or expand and equate coefficients:

(3 − 2𝑥𝑥)(𝑥𝑥 + 𝑎𝑎)2 = −2𝑥𝑥 3 − 𝑥𝑥 2 + 4𝑥𝑥 + 3
(3 − 2𝑥𝑥)(𝑥𝑥 2 + 2𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎 + 𝑎𝑎2 ) = −2𝑥𝑥 3 − 𝑥𝑥 2 + 4𝑥𝑥 + 3
−2𝑥𝑥 + (3 − 4𝑎𝑎)𝑥𝑥 2 + (6𝑎𝑎 − 4𝑎𝑎2 )𝑥𝑥 + 3𝑎𝑎 = −2𝑥𝑥 3 − 𝑥𝑥 2 + 4𝑥𝑥 + 3
3

3𝑎𝑎 = 3 ⇒ 𝑎𝑎 = 1
So 𝑓𝑓(𝑥𝑥) = (3 − 2𝑥𝑥)(𝑥𝑥 + 1)2

M1 attempts to divide f(x) by (3 − 2𝑥𝑥) and expect to see (3 − 2𝑥𝑥)(𝑥𝑥 2 + ⋯ ± 1)

A1 correct quadratic factor is (𝑥𝑥 2 + 2𝑥𝑥 + 1)
M1 attempts to factorise their 𝑥𝑥 2 + 2𝑥𝑥 + 1
A1 correct answer only (3 − 2𝑥𝑥)(𝑥𝑥 + 1)2
(4)

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 y

y = f(x)

O x

Figure 3
Figure 3 shows a sketch of part of the curve with equation 𝑦𝑦 = f(𝑥𝑥).
c. Use your answer to part (b), and the sketch, to deduce the values of x for which
i. f(𝑥𝑥) ≤ 0
𝑥𝑥
ii. f � � = 0
2

3
𝑖𝑖. 𝑓𝑓(𝑥𝑥) = 0 ⇒ 𝑥𝑥 = , 𝑥𝑥 = 1 (repeated root)
2
3
𝑓𝑓(𝑥𝑥) ≤ 0 at 𝑥𝑥 ≥ and 𝑥𝑥 = −1
2

M1 one correct answer

A1 both correct answers

𝑥𝑥
ii. The graph of 𝑓𝑓 � � is the graph of 𝑓𝑓(𝑥𝑥) ‘stretched’ by a scale factor of 2 along the 𝑥𝑥-axis.
2

The roots will therefore be at 𝑥𝑥 = −2, 𝑥𝑥 = 3

B1 both correct

(3)
(Total for Question 9 is 9 marks)

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10. Prove, from the first principles, that the derivative of 5𝑥𝑥 2 is 10𝑥𝑥.

Formula for differentiation from first principles:

𝑓𝑓(𝑥𝑥+ℎ)−𝑓𝑓(𝑥𝑥)
𝑓𝑓 ′ (𝑥𝑥) = lim
ℎ→0 ℎ

Substituting 𝑓𝑓(𝑥𝑥) = 5𝑥𝑥 2 and simplifying:

5(𝑥𝑥+ℎ)2 −5𝑥𝑥 2
𝑓𝑓 ′ (𝑥𝑥) = lim
ℎ→0 ℎ

5𝑥𝑥 2 +10𝑥𝑥ℎ+5ℎ2 −5𝑥𝑥 2

= lim
ℎ→0 ℎ

10𝑥𝑥ℎ+5ℎ2
= lim
ℎ→0 ℎ

= lim 10𝑥𝑥 + 5ℎ
ℎ→0

As ℎ → 0, 10𝑥𝑥 + 5ℎ → 0, so 𝑓𝑓 ′ (𝑥𝑥) = 10𝑥𝑥

B1 substitutes the function

M1 attempts to expand 5(𝑥𝑥 + ℎ)2 looking for two correct terms
A1 simplifies correctly
A1 correctly computes the limit

(Total for Question 10 is 4 marks)

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11. The first 3 terms, in ascending powers of x, in the binomial expansion of (1 + 𝑘𝑘𝑘𝑘)10 are
given by
1 + 15𝑥𝑥 + 𝑝𝑝𝑥𝑥 2
where k and p are constants.
a. Find the value of k
From the binomial expansion, 10𝑘𝑘𝑘𝑘 = 15𝑥𝑥
3
𝑘𝑘 =
2

M1 attempts to use the binomial expansion to find a value for 𝑘𝑘

A1 correct answer only
(2)
b. Find the value of p
10(9)
From the binomial expansion, 𝑘𝑘 2 𝑥𝑥 2 = 𝑝𝑝𝑥𝑥 2
2

45𝑘𝑘 2 = 𝑝𝑝
3 2
45 � � = 𝑝𝑝
2
405
= 𝑝𝑝
4

M1 Uses the binomial expansion to find an equation for 𝑝𝑝 using their 𝑘𝑘

A1 correct answer only (2)
c. Given that, in the expansion of (1 + 𝑘𝑘𝑘𝑘)10 , the coefficient of 𝑥𝑥 4 is q, find the value of
q.
𝑛𝑛(𝑛𝑛−1)(𝑛𝑛−2)(𝑛𝑛−3)
From the binomial expansion, the 𝑥𝑥 4 term of (1 + 𝑏𝑏𝑏𝑏)𝑛𝑛 is 𝑏𝑏 4 𝑥𝑥 4
4!

Substituting 𝑛𝑛 = 10, 𝑏𝑏 = 𝑘𝑘:

10×9×8×7
𝑞𝑞𝑥𝑥 2 = × (𝑘𝑘𝑘𝑘)4
4!

10×9×8×7 3 4
𝑞𝑞 = � �
4! 2
8505
𝑞𝑞 =
4

M1 identifies the correct term and uses their value of k to find the value of q
A1 correct answer only
(2)
(Total for Question 11 is 6 marks)

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12. a. Explain mathematically why there are no values of 𝜃𝜃 that satisfy the equation
(3 cos 𝜃𝜃 − 4)(2 cos 𝜃𝜃 + 5) = 0

Set each bracket to 0 to find values of cos 𝜃𝜃

4
3 cos 𝜃𝜃 − 4 = 0 ⇒ cos 𝜃𝜃 =
3
5
2 cos 𝜃𝜃 + 5 = 0 ⇒ cos 𝜃𝜃 = −
2

cos 𝜃𝜃 takes values between −1 and 1, so there does not exist such a 𝜃𝜃 to satisfy these
equations.

B1 attempts to find the values of cos 𝜃𝜃

B1 requires a correct statement and conclusion
(2)
b. Giving your solutions to one decimal place, where appropriate, solve the equation
3 sin 𝑦𝑦 + 2 tan 𝑦𝑦 = 0 for 0 ≤ 𝑦𝑦 ≤ 𝜋𝜋
(Solutions based entirely on graphical or numerical methods are not acceptable.)

sin 𝑦𝑦
Substituting tan 𝑦𝑦 = :
cos 𝑦𝑦

sin 𝑦𝑦
3 sin 𝑦𝑦 + 2 =0
cos 𝑦𝑦

3 sin 𝑦𝑦 cos 𝑦𝑦 + 2 sin 𝑦𝑦 = 0

sin 𝑦𝑦(3 cos 𝑦𝑦 + 2) = 0
sin 𝑦𝑦 = 0 ⇒ 𝑦𝑦 = 0, 𝜋𝜋
−2
cos 𝑦𝑦 = ⇒ no solutions
3

M1 uses a trigonometric substitution in the given equation

M1 correct work leading to 2 factors
A1 All solutions correct

(3)
(Total for Question 12 is 5 marks)

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13. log10 𝑉𝑉

(50, log10 2000)

log10 20

O t
Figure 4
The value of a sculpture, £V, is modelled by the equation 𝑉𝑉 = 𝐴𝐴𝑝𝑝𝑡𝑡 , where A and p are
constants and t is the number of years since the value of the painting was first recorded
on 1st January 1960.
The line l shown in Figure 4 illustrates the linear relationship between t and log10V for
𝑡𝑡 ≥ 0.
The line l passes through the point (0,log10 20) and (50,log10 2000).
a. Write down the equation of the line l.

2000
log 10 2000−log 10 20 log 10 2
𝑚𝑚 = = 20
= = 0.04
50−0 50 50

Substitute into the equation of the line:

log10 𝑉𝑉 = 𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚 + 𝑐𝑐 or log10 𝑉𝑉 − 𝑘𝑘 = 𝑚𝑚(𝑡𝑡 − 𝑡𝑡0 )
1
log10 𝑉𝑉 = 𝑡𝑡 + log10 20
25
1
log10 𝑉𝑉 = 𝑡𝑡 + log10 20
25

M1 attempts to find the gradient of line l

M1 uses the equation of a straight line in the form
A1 correct equation of line 𝑙𝑙
(3)

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 b. Using your answer to part a or otherwise, find the values of A and p.

1
log10 𝑉𝑉 = 𝑡𝑡 + log10 20
25

𝑉𝑉 = 𝐴𝐴𝑝𝑝𝑡𝑡
Take logarithms of 𝑉𝑉 = 𝐴𝐴𝑝𝑝𝑡𝑡 (or exponentials of the equation of the line)
log10 𝑉𝑉 = log10 (𝐴𝐴𝑝𝑝𝑡𝑡 )
log10 𝑉𝑉 = log10 𝑝𝑝𝑡𝑡 + log10 𝐴𝐴
log10 𝑉𝑉 = 𝑡𝑡 log10 𝑝𝑝 + log10 𝐴𝐴
Equate the two equations:
1
𝑡𝑡 + log10 20 = 𝑡𝑡 log10 𝑝𝑝 + log10 𝐴𝐴
25
1
1
= log10 𝑝𝑝 ⇒ 𝑝𝑝 = 1025
25

𝐴𝐴 = 20

M1 attempts to rearrange their equation by taking exponentials or takes the log of both sides
of the given equation
M1 completes rearrangement correctly so that both equations are in directly comparable
form.
A1 states that 𝐴𝐴 = 20
1
A1 states that 𝑝𝑝 = 1025
(4)
c. With reference to the model, interpret the values of the constant A and p.

B1 A is the initial value of the sculpture.

B1 p is the annual proportional increase in the value of the sculpture.

(2)

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d. Use your model to predict the value of the sculpture, on 1st January 2020, giving your
answer to the nearest pounds.

2020 − 1960 = 60, so substitute 𝑡𝑡 = 60

1 60
𝑉𝑉 = 20 �1025 � = 20 × 102.4 = 5023.7728

𝑉𝑉 = £5024

B1 substitute 60 into their formula from part b, correct answer

(1)
(Total for Question 13 is 10 marks)

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14. A curve with centre C has equation
𝑥𝑥 2 + 𝑦𝑦 2 + 2𝑥𝑥 − 6𝑦𝑦 − 40 = 0
a. i. State the coordinates of C

Complete the square with respect to 𝑥𝑥 and 𝑦𝑦

(𝑥𝑥 + 1)2 − 1 + (𝑦𝑦 − 3)2 − 9 − 40 = 0
(𝑥𝑥 + 1)2 + (𝑦𝑦 − 3)2 = 50
𝐶𝐶 = (−1,3)

M1 attempts to complete the square

A1 gives the centre correctly

ii. Find the radius of the circle, giving your answer as 𝑟𝑟 = 𝑛𝑛√2.

radius = √50 = 5√2

A1 correct answer only

(3)

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b. The line l is a tangent to the circle and has gradient −7.
Find two possible equations for l, giving your answers in the form 𝑦𝑦 = 𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚 + 𝑐𝑐.
1
Find an equation for the radius: it passes through the centre (−1,3) with gradient (as by
7
circle theorems the tangent and radius are perpendicular)
1
𝑦𝑦 = 𝑥𝑥 + 𝑐𝑐
7
1 22
3 = (−1) + 𝑐𝑐 ⇒ 𝑐𝑐 =
7 7

Substitute the equation of the line into the equation of the circle:
1 22 2
(𝑥𝑥 − 1)2 + � 𝑥𝑥 + − 3� = 50
7 7

1 2 1
(𝑥𝑥 2 + 2𝑥𝑥 + 1) + � 𝑥𝑥 2 + 𝑥𝑥 + � = 50
49 49 49

49𝑥𝑥 2 + 98𝑥𝑥 + 49 + 𝑥𝑥 2 + 2𝑥𝑥 + 1 = 2450

50𝑥𝑥 2 + 100𝑥𝑥 + 50 − 2450 = 0
𝑥𝑥 2 + 2𝑥𝑥 − 48 = 0
(𝑥𝑥 + 8)(𝑥𝑥 − 6) = 0 ⇒ 𝑥𝑥 = −8 𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜 𝑥𝑥 = 6
Substituting into the equation of the line:
𝑥𝑥 = −8 ⇒ 𝑦𝑦 = 2, 𝑥𝑥 = 6 ⇒ 𝑦𝑦 = 4
Computing equations of tangents with gradient −7 and passing through (−8,2) or (6,4)
𝑙𝑙1 : 2 = −7(−8) + 𝑐𝑐 ⇒ 𝑐𝑐 = −54
𝑙𝑙2 : 4 = −7(6) + 𝑐𝑐 ⇒ 𝑐𝑐 = 46
𝑙𝑙1 : 𝑦𝑦 = −7𝑥𝑥 − 54, 𝑙𝑙2 : 𝑦𝑦 = −7𝑥𝑥 + 46
M1 attempts to write an equation of radius/diameter of circle
A1 correct equation
M1 substitutes their equation of radius into equation of the circle and obtain a quadratic
equation in terms of x
M1 Factorise their quadratic equation and reaching a value of x
A1 both x values are correct
A1 substituting x values into equation of radius and obtaining y values correctly
M1 attempts to write an equation of the tangents with their x and y values
A1 both equation of tangents are correct
(8)
(Total for Question 14 is 11 marks)

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15.

Figure 5
8
Figure 5 shows a sketch of part of the curve 𝑦𝑦 = 2𝑥𝑥 + − 5, 𝑥𝑥 > 0.
𝑥𝑥 2
7
The point 𝐴𝐴(4, ) lies on C. The line l is the tangent to C at the point A.
2

The region R, shown shaded in figure 5 is bounded by the line l, the curve C, the line
with equation 𝑥𝑥 = 1 and the x-axis.
Find the exact area of R.
(Solutions based entirely on graphical or numerical methods are not acceptable.)

Finding the equation of the line 𝑙𝑙:

𝑑𝑑
(2𝑥𝑥 + 8𝑥𝑥 −2 − 5) = 2 − 16𝑥𝑥 −3
𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑
𝑑𝑑 7
= 2 − 16(4)−3 =
𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑥𝑥=4 4

7 7 7 7
𝑦𝑦 = 𝑥𝑥 + 𝑐𝑐 ⇒ = (4) + 𝑐𝑐 ⇒ 𝑐𝑐 = −
4 2 4 2

Finding the intersection of 𝑙𝑙 with the 𝑥𝑥-axis:

7 7
0 = 𝑥𝑥 − ⇒ 𝑥𝑥 = 2
4 2

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 4 7
𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴 𝑅𝑅 = ∫1 2𝑥𝑥 + 8𝑥𝑥 −2 − 5 𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑 − Triangle �(2,0), �4, � , (4,0)�
2

4
4 2𝑥𝑥 2 8𝑥𝑥 −1
∫1 2𝑥𝑥 + 8𝑥𝑥 −2 − 5 𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑 = � 2
+
−1
− 5𝑥𝑥�
1

2(16) 8(4)−1 2(1)2 8(1)−1

=� + − 5(4)� − � + − 5(1)� = 6
2 −1 2 −1

1
Area of triangle= × base × height
2
1 7 7
= ×2× =
2 2 2
7 5
Area R: 6 − =
2 2

M1 attempts to differentiate 𝑦𝑦 = 2𝑥𝑥 + 8𝑥𝑥 −2 − 5 with at least one index reduced by

one
A1 correct derivative obtained
M1 correct method to find equation of tangent
A1 find correct intercept with 𝑥𝑥-axis
M1 complete strategy of finding the areas under the curve between 𝑥𝑥 = 1 and x = 4
and area of triangle
M1 method for integration
A1 correct integration
M1 attempts to find a value for the area of shaded region
A1 correct value for the area of shaded region

(Total for Question 15 is 9 marks)

TOTAL FOR THE PAPER: 100 MARKS

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