PSC Trends

2023. 04. 06
Survey Team / PSC Part
 6.00%
Detention Ratio : Total

4.00%

2.31% * Inspection : 22,730

2.00%
* Detention : 526

0.00%
2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021

35.0%

30.0%
Detention Ratio : Country
25.0%
* Number of detention 20.0%
- Australia : 159 15.0%
- China : 102
10.0%
- Indonesia : 54 5.64%
5.0% 3.73% 3.33%

0.0%
 Detention Ratio : Ship Type

2019 2020 2021

12.00%

8.00%

4.00%

0.00%
 Others

Working & living condition(+MLC)

Emergency system

Cert. & documentation

ISM related deficiencies Deficiencies by

Categories
Safety of navigation

Structure

Load lines
* Number of deficiencies related to Fire Safety
- 2019 : 13,178 Fire safety measures
- 2020 : 5,902
- 2021 : 5,929 Life saving appliances 2021 2020 2019

0 2,000 4,000 6,000 8,000 10,000 12,000 14,000 16,000

6.0%
Detention Ratio : Total
5.0%

4.0% 3.43%
3.0%
* Inspection : 15,387
2.0%
* Detention : 528
1.0%

0.0%
2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 Detention Cases : Country
160
√ 139
140
120
100
80
√ 52
60 √ 45
40
20
0

Denmark

France

Spain
Belgium

Canada

Italy

Norway
Iceland
Ireland

Netherlands

Slovenia
Poland
Portugal

UK
Greece
Finland

Germany
Bulgaria

Estonia

Malta
Croatia
Cyprus

Latvia

Romania
Russia

Sweden
Lithuania
 Detention Ratio : Ship Type
12.0%

2019 2020 2021

10.0%

8.0%

6.0%

4.0%

2.0%

0.0%
 2019
Other
2020
ISPS

ISM 2021

Pollution Prevention

Propulsion & Aux. machinery

Dangerous Goods
Deficiencies by
* Number of deficiencies in 2021 Life Saving Appliances Categories
- Working & living condition : 6,223 Safety of Navigation
- Certificate & document : 4,979
Working & Living Conditions
- Fire safety : 4,872
- Safety of navigation : 3,677 Alarms

Fire Safety

Cargo Operations

Radio Communication

Em'cy systems

Load line

Structual Condition

Certificates & documents

0 2,000 4,000 6,000 8,000 10,00012,00014,00016,00018,00020,000
2.5% Detention Ratio : Total

2.0%
* Inspection : 8,663
1.5%
* Detention : 63
1.0% 0.73%
Others
0.5%

0.0% Passenger Ship

2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021
Gas Carrier

Refrigerated Cargo Detention Cases : Ship Type

Oil tanker
* Number of detention
Chemical Tanker
- Bulk carrier : 22
- General dry cargo : 16 Containership

- Container ship : 11
General Dry Cargo

Bulk Carrier

0 5 10 15 20 25
30% Detention Ratio : Categories
26%
25%
24%

20%

15%

10%

5%

0%
Fire Safety ISM related Life saving Propulstion & Structural Emergency ISPS Water/weather Work condition Others
appliances aux mach. condition System tight
 PSC Trends Country Main Categories

- 2020/2021 PSC inspection↓

China, Japan,
due to COVID-19 Fire Safety
Australia, Indonesia
- Remote PSC inspection

- 2020/2021 PSC inspection↓

Italy, Belgium,
due to COVID-19 Fire Safety, MLC
Canada, UK
- MLC related detention↑

- 2020/2021
USCG inspection↓ USA Fire Safety, ISM
due to COVID-19
 ILL Detainable Deficiencies
Ship’s Particulars

* Ballast tank air pipe corrosion

* Ship Type : Bulk Carrier
& missing side cover
* Flag : Panama
* Hatch cover cleat malfunction,
* GT : 17,136 Tons
Worn out rubber packing,
* Ship Age : 13Y
Missing cleat pin
* Air conditioning vent closing not possible
* Poor SMS implementation

Lessons Learned

Inspection Port * Load Line items are one of the important items
that Australia inspects intensively, therefore,

* Port : Australia, Cairns thorough preparation is necessary before

entering the Australian port.
 Various Detainable Deficiencies
Ship’s Particulars

* Damaged A-60 fire door

* Ship Type : Oil/Chemical Tanker
* Rescue boat accumulator malfunction
* Flag : Panama
* M/E Over speed trip simulation failure
* GT : 8,560 Tons
* E/R Funnel damper closing defective
* Ship Age : 13Y
* Poor SMS implementation

Lessons Learned

* Recently, the intensity of Indonesia's PSC

Inspection Port
inspection has become stronger and the
number of items pointed out is increasing.
* Port : Indonesia, Tanjung Priok Therefore, it is necessary to obtain prior
information and conduct a sufficient
pre-inspection before entering the port.
 Various Detainable Deficiencies
Ship’s Particulars

* Two D/G malfunctioned among three

* Ship Type : Container Ship
* Using em’cy generator as main power
* Flag : Germany
* Fire pump not enough pressure /
* GT : 9,957 Tons
One inch crack on fire main line
* Ship Age : 14Y
* Oily water separator seal & pump
defective / Oil content meter malfunction
* Poor SMS implementation

Lessons Learned

Inspection Port * USCG conducts intensive inspections on fire

safety, prevention of marine environmental

* Port : USA, Miami pollution and emergency equipment, therefore,

thorough preparation is necessary before
entering the port.
 Alcohol Detainable Deficiencies
Ship’s Particulars

* SMS Failure
* Ship Type : Bulk Carrier
- Only one officer duty at night
* Flag : Marshall Islands
- Duty hand over to drunken officer
* GT : 63,624 Tons
- Conducted duty in drunken condition
* Ship Age : 9Y

Lessons Learned

Inspection Port * This is the case where the ship was detained
after a drunken duty officer disappeared.

* Port : Australia, Newcastle All duty officers shall comply with the drinking
regulations on board.
 MLC(Food) Detainable Deficiencies
Ship’s Particulars

* Vegetables & fruits shortage

* Ship Type : Bulk Carrier
* Some vegetables went bad
* Flag : Marshall Islands
* GT : 36,259 Tons
* Ship Age : 6Y

Lessons Learned

Inspection Port * Europe is the region where MLC-related matter is

the most stringent among PSC MoUs around

* Port : Iceland, Mjoeyrarhofn the world, so it should be recognized that

detention could be possible as a result of
poor food quality.
 Rescue Boat Detainable Deficiencies
Ship’s Particulars

* Cooling water for rescue boat engine

* Ship Type : Oil/Chemical Tanker
not circulated
* Flag : Korea
* GT : 8,539 Tons
* Ship Age : 13Y

Lessons Learned

Inspection Port * Cooling water circulation shall be confirmed

during rescue boat outboard engine test.

* Port : Indonesia, Tanjung Priok

 MLC(Salary) Detainable Deficiencies
Ship’s Particulars

* Salary not paid

* Ship Type : Cargo Ship
* Flag : Jamaica
* GT : 7,578 Tons
* Ship Age : 15Y

Lessons Learned

Inspection Port * Salaries must be paid to seafarers not to exceed

the monthly interval.

* Port : Spain, Castellon

 ISPS Detainable Deficiencies
Ship’s Particulars

* Entered anchorage without permission

* Ship Type : Oil/Chemical Tanker
from Port Authority
* Flag : Korea
* E/R A-60 door, escape trunk door defective
* GT : 5,371 Tons
* Em’cy fire pump suction pipe broken
* Ship Age : 20Y
* Poor SMS implementation

Lessons Learned

Inspection Port * Local agent mistakenly missed reporting procedure

to Port Authority before entering anchorage

* Port : Indonesia, Tanjung Priok

 Fire Safety Detainable Deficiencies
Ship’s Particulars

* Master & seafarers not familiar with

* Ship Type : Bulk Carrier
garbage management plan
* Flag : Marshall Islands
* SMS Failure(Maintenance)
* GT : 44,029 Tons
- Deck log book, GMDSS Log book
* Ship Age : 1Y
- S/G Room too oily
- Some emergency light unlit

Lessons Learned

Inspection Port * PSC local trends in Southeast Asia Region shall

be considered.

* Port : Indonesia, Tanjung Priok

 MARPOL Detainable Deficiencies
Ship’s Particulars

* SMS Failure(Lack of familiarization on

* Ship Type : Oil/Chemical Tanker
MARPOL Annex V)
* Flag : Panama
- 0.02m3 of food waste discharged within
* GT : 30,048 Tons
the MARPOL nearest land off the north-
* Ship Age : 14Y
eastern coast of Australia

Lessons Learned

Inspection Port * Familiarization on “No discharge area” is required.

* AMSA's commitment to environmental regulations

* Port : Australia, Brisbane

 Fire Safety Detainable Deficiencies
Ship’s Particulars

* Hole on CO2 line for No.2 cargo hold

* Ship Type : Bulk Carrier
* Flag : Panama
* GT : 17,075 Tons
* Ship Age : 26Y

Lessons Learned

Inspection Port * Thorough inspection to On-Deck items

* Port : Japan, Shimonoseki

 MLC(Rest Hour) Detainable Deficiencies
Ship’s Particulars

* Serious and repeated violation on

* Ship Type : Container Ship
rest hour
* Flag : Liberia
* GT : 94,322 Tons
* Ship Age : 15Y

Lessons Learned

Inspection Port * AMSA FIC(2022.5~6)

– Hours of work and rest

* Port : Australia, Melbourne * Strict observance of work/rest hours and

compensatory rest
 SE/SR Detainable Deficiencies
Ship’s Particulars

* EPIRB battery Expired

* Ship Type : Bulk Carrier
* Water spray for paint locker not possible
* Flag : Panama
for immediate use
* GT : 43,062 Tons
(Nozzles covered with plastic box)
* Ship Age : 5Y

Lessons Learned

Inspection Port * Thorough inspection on expiration dates of

SE/SR equipment

* Port : China, Shanghai * Periodic inspection and confirmation on FFA

 Various Detainable Deficiencies
Ship’s Particulars

* Heavy corrosion & hole on fire main line

* Ship Type : Oil/Chemical Tanker
* P/S life boat engine malfunction
* Flag : Korea
* Hole on manhole cover for No.4 BWT
* GT : 9,599 Tons
* Heavy corrosion & hole on FPT
* Ship Age : 23Y
* Poor SMS implementation
* Salary not paid to nine seafarers for
more than two months

Lessons Learned

Inspection Port * Thorough inspection to On-Deck items

* Thorough inspection and related repair on

* Port : Singapore corrosion at the time of dry docking

 SE Detainable Deficiencies
Ship’s Particulars

* Main alarm of water ingress system for

* Ship Type : Cargo Ship
cargo hold malfunction
* Flag : Panama
* Void space valve of Bosun store inoperable
* GT : 4,825 Tons
* HRU of life raft valid date expired
* Ship Age : 14Y

Lessons Learned

Inspection Port * Periodic inspection on ship’s equipment

* Thorough inspection on expiration dates of

* Port : Korea, Kwangyang SE/SR equipment

 Various Detainable Deficiencies
Ship’s Particulars

* Ventilation Fan and Fire Damper of E/R unable

* Ship Type : Oil/Chemical Tanker
to close properly
* Flag : Panama
* Launching arrangement of rescue boat unable
* GT : 8,539 Tons
to test by stored mechanical power
* Ship Age : 14Y
(air bottle pressure low)

Lessons Learned

Inspection Port * Thorough inspection to Fire Safety items

* Thorough periodic check to SE equipment

* Port : Indonesia, Teluk Bayur

 MARPOL(EGCS) Detainable Deficiencies
Ship’s Particulars

* Burning High Sulphur Fuel Oil during

* Ship Type : Bulker Carrier
malfunction of EGCS
* Flag : Marshall Islands
* GT : 36,106 Tons
* Ship Age : 1 Y

Lessons Learned

Inspection Port * Familiarization to New Machinery

* Report to the Port Authority when deficiencies are

* Port : Spain, Bilbao recognized

- Report to RO / if necessary OS + Conditional Cert’
 MARPOL(Oil) Detainable Deficiencies
Ship’s Particulars

* SMS Failure(failure in corrective action to NC)

* Ship Type : Cargo Ship
- Oil leakage in E/R, M/E OMD alarm
* Flag : Antigua and Barbuda
malfunction, No.2 G/E Malfunction
* GT : 6,351 Tons
* Accumulated Oil in E/R Bilge Well
* Ship Age : 12 Y

Lessons Learned

Inspection Port * Importance of E/R Cleanliness

* Report to the Port Authority when deficiencies are

* Port : U.S.A., Houston recognized

- Report to RO / if necessary OS + Conditional Cert’
 Various Detainable Deficiencies
Ship’s Particulars

* Oil leakage
* Ship Type : Bulk Carrier
- Steering gear, M/E, No.2/3 G/E, Purifier, pump,
* Flag : Marshall Islands
Boiler…etc
* GT : 32,987 Tons
* Lack of familiarization of Fire Drill
* Ship Age : 9 Y
* SMS Failure

Lessons Learned

Inspection Port * Importance of E/R Cleanliness

* Conduct a practical drill according to the procedure

* Port : Italy, Ravenna - Aware of Task

 Various Detainable Deficiencies
Ship’s Particulars

* 24 of the 35 Immersion Suits onboard had

* Ship Type : Bulk Carrier
substantial deterioration of the rubber seal
* Flag : Korea
mating surface of the zipper
* GT : 44,298 Tons
* No maintenance procedure for immersion suits
* Ship Age : 10 Y
* Free fall life boat not operate forward and
astern propulsion

Lessons Learned

Inspection Port * Thorough inspection to SE Equipment

* Thorough Training/maintenance according to the

* Port : U.S.A., Mobile procedure

 MARPOL/ILL Detainable Deficiencies
Ship’s Particulars

* SMS Failure
* Ship Type : Cargo Ship
Chief engineer can not conduct OWS test
* Flag : Panama
* Air Blower of Sewage treatment Air is out of
* GT : 11,481 Tons
order
* Ship Age : 12 Y
* All ventilator for Cargo hold stuck in open
position

Lessons Learned

Inspection Port * Thorough inspection to on-board items

* Thorough checking the operating status of machineries

* Port : China, Shanghai after docking

 SE Detainable Deficiencies
Ship’s Particulars

* Fire detection defective

* Ship Type : Bulk Carrier
- 6 detectors were tested and 4 were failed
* Flag : Panama
* Life board Steering was not fully functional
* GT : 33,226 Tons
(hydraulic oil leaked at the ram during test)
* Ship Age : 12 Y

Lessons Learned

Inspection Port * PSC Detention history in Paris MoU(England/Feb.2022)

- Fire detector, life boat

* Port : U.S.A., Mobile * Detained in same port , same Technical Manager in

one(1) month
 FLOODING Detainable Deficiencies
Ship’s Particulars

* Loss of sea worthiness

* Ship Type : Deck Cargo Ship
- Steering gear room flooding through open
* Flag : Korea
water tight door of S/G room
* GT : 11,338 Tons
* SMS Failure
* Ship Age : 11 Y

Lessons Learned

Inspection Port * Checking the water tight door status before sailing

* Port : France, Lorient

 Ship’s Particulars
Various Detainable Deficiencies

* Corrosion of Lifeboat Fixing Bolt & Plate

* Ship Type : Bulk Carrier
* Malfunction of Fixed Fire Fighting System in
* Flag : Panama
Paint Store
* GT : 17,136 Tons
* Loss of Seaworthiness due to M/E problem
* Ship Age : 15Y
- M/E tripped due to stern shaft high temp.
on the voyage through narrow channels

Lessons Learned

Inspection Port * Rapidly increased Detention in China Area

* Ships with M/E trouble in the Yangtze River(China) are

* Port : Shanghai, China normally detained

 MARPOL/Various Detainable Deficiencies
Ship’s Particulars

* Expiration date of IOPP certificate exceeds

* Ship Type : Cargo Ship
5 years and BWMS is not installed.
* Flag : Barbados
* Bad condition of On deck Fire Line
* GT : 3,850 Tons
* Leakage in Crane, Generator, Emcy’ fire pump,
* Ship Age : 26Y
steering gear…etc.)
* SMS Failure

Lessons Learned

Inspection Port * Even the Flag Administration permitted the renewal of

IOPP and Delaying installation of BWMS, But PSCO

* Port : Antwerp, Belgium detained the ship due to violation of Convention

* Thorough Inspection of On deck Item
 Various Detainable Deficiencies
Ship’s Particulars

* Fire Main Isolation Valve can not fully

* Ship Type : Oil/Chemical Tanker
closed
* Flag : Marshall Islands
* Holes in Ventilator for Rope Store
* GT : 11,761 Tons
* Malfunction of M/E F.O Quick closing valve
* Ship Age : 15Y

Lessons Learned

Inspection Port * Rapidly increased Detention in Singapore

* Thorough Inspection of On deck Item

* Port : Singapore
 Various Detainable Deficiencies
Ship’s Particulars

* Errors in IOPP Certificate

* Ship Type : Oil Tanker
- Approval standard of OWS
* Flag : Gabon
* Holes in Hatchway coaming
* GT : 57,949 Tons
* Malfunction of Treated Sewage Overboard
* Ship Age : 26Y
discharge valve

Lessons Learned

Inspection Port * Errors in Certificates(TOC Vessel)

* Thorough Inspection of On deck Item

* Port : TIANJIN, China

 On Deck Detainable Deficiencies
Ship’s Particulars

* Failed to water supply by emergnecy fire

* Ship Type : Oil/Chemical Tanker
pump(lack of pressure) and leakage in
* Flag : Panama
discharge line flange
* GT : 5,994 Tons
* Deficiency in Isolation v/v in fire main line
* Ship Age : 24Y
and leakage in fire main line
* Holes and loss of cover in many Sounding
pipes

Lessons Learned

Inspection Port * Rapidly increased Detention in Singapore

* Thorough Inspection of On deck Item

* Port : Singapore
 Various Detainable Deficiencies
Ship’s Particulars

* Sprinkler in Paint Store

* Ship Type : Oil/Chemical Tanker
- Loss of nozzle and blockage of nozzle
* Flag : Panama
* Malfunction of 2/3 G/E Quick closing valve
* GT : 8,450 Tons
* SMS Failure
* Ship Age : 18Y

Lessons Learned

Inspection Port * Rapidly increased Detention in Singapore

* Thorough Inspection of On deck Item

* Port : Singapore * Thorough Inspection to Fire Safety Item

1. BEFORE ENTERING TO PORTS
- Practical inspection with relevant checklists 2. JUST AFTER BERTHING
- Proper and correct records - Thorough gangway watch
- Cleanliness of E/R & steering gear room - Cleanliness of E/R & steering gear room : CHECK AGAIN !!
- Reporting to a port Authority when any serious
defects are identified

3. WHEN A PSCO COMES ON BOARD

- Master and senior officers need to stay on board 4. AFTER PSC COMPLETION
as far as possible - Rectification on identified deficiencies
- Friendly attitudes toward PSCOs - Establishment of preventive measures
- Immediate actions on identified deficiencies
- Request for assistance to KR(Headquarters or a branch)