consists of using spoken words to convey information and the Language as a cognitive ability is professed as an instrument of

message to the others. thinking where language mirrors the mind.

A purely human and non-instinctive method of communicating "The institution whereby humans communicate and interact
ideas, emotions, and desires by means of voluntarily produced with each other by means of habitually used oral-auditory,
symbols" arbitrary symbols".

-Edward Sapir, 1921 -Robert Hall, 1969

Language is perceived as sets of signs and a system of Language is a means of communicating the culture of a
symbols grounded on pure arbitrary concords. particular community or members of society.

"A language is a set (finite or infinite) of sentences, each finite "A language is a system of arbitrary vocal symbols by means of
in length and constructed out of a finite set of elements" which a social group cooperates"

- Noam Chomsky, 1957 - Bloch & Trager, 1942

The ______ believe that language is a structured system of components, an Nature of Language:
idea with a specific framework. In its basic constitution, the nature of language is described as
1) learned
Language for the _________ pervades creativity since it is more abstract and
2) to the culture of society,
has more reflective elements.
3) species-specific, uniformed, and unique to
The ________ view language as an instrument for communication and a vehicle humans,
for expression. 4) system
5) vocal, 6) skill subject,
_______ view language as a product of a human desire to communicate with
another and acquire the language which one desires to learn. 7) means for communication,
8) arbitrary.

Language is something that is learned through exposure and Language is a system of spoken and written symbols in which
practice. abstract figures concretely represent. The words used in the
language are symbolic representations of ideas, characterized
Language influences culture, the values, the practices, and the through letters and figures, which are carefully arranged to form a
interests of people. Similarly, culture influences language. meaning.

According to Chomsky (1975), the human brain is different Language is a system of spoken and written symbols that abstract
from that of animals. Humans learn and produce language figures concretely represent. The words used in the language are
creatively. symbolic representations of ideas, characterized through letters and
figures, which are carefully arranged to form a meaning.

Language is oral; speech is primary; writing is secondary; Language is a convention; the nature and
speech is the fundamental expression of language.
signs that are agreed upon do not matter
The language skill acquired is a stepping stone to gaining because they are arbitrary; it follows no law
linguistic and communicative competence and performance.
but rather is based on tradition.
Language is specifically a human activity that facilitates the
transport of emotions and thoughts from one person to
another. People can share and receive information, interact,
persuade, or affect others.
Every language is a convention in the Language is productive. It is creative. It
community, a product of a cooperative mind. keeps on sprouting that with one word
Language is non-instinctive since none is born emerges another. Man uses concurrent
with the spontaneity to speak any language.
linguistics to produce complete novel ideas
Language is brought about by evolution and and expressions. This makes language
strengthened with convention. productive and creative.

"No matter how eloquently a dog

"To say that language is not innate is to say A linguistic universal is a systematic
there is no difference between my grandmother, occurrence of the linguistic patterns across
a rock, and a rabbit. In other words, if you take a national languages. All languages have
rock, a rabbit, and my grandmother and put them
nouns, although the structural arrangements
where people are communicating in English, they
may vary in the same way that all languages
will all learn English’.
have vowels and consonants.
-Chomsky, (2000)