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Monitoring and Evaluation (M&E) For Development Project

This presentation is comprehensive session on M&E that enables all learners to understand the fundamental of M&E quickly. Learners will know all resources related M&E such as M&E plan template, method of data collection and analysis, logical framework and much more. If you want to be become M&E specialist and join this career, please learn more on my course on Udemy through this link: https://bit.ly/3Fh1BvH

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Nhoeb Khan
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0% found this document useful (0 votes)
172 views43 pages

Monitoring and Evaluation (M&E) For Development Project

This presentation is comprehensive session on M&E that enables all learners to understand the fundamental of M&E quickly. Learners will know all resources related M&E such as M&E plan template, method of data collection and analysis, logical framework and much more. If you want to be become M&E specialist and join this career, please learn more on my course on Udemy through this link: https://bit.ly/3Fh1BvH

Uploaded by

Nhoeb Khan
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 43

Monitoring and Evaluation

For Development Projects


Lecturer: Nhoeb Khan
15-Year M&E person in Development Project
Linkedin: linkedin.com/in/nhoeb-khan
Module 1: Introduction to Monitoring and
Evaluation(M&E)

Module 2: Performance Monitoring Plan

Module 3: Data Collection

Course Contents
Module 4: Data Analysis

Module 5: Data Visualization

Module 6: Evaluation
Module 1: Introduction to
Monitoring and Evaluation
What is M&E?
• In order to be accountable to all stakeholders, inform decision-making, and
promote learning, monitoring and evaluation are essential components of
project management practice.
• Monitoring is applied for routinely collecting and tracking data on activity
and output
• Evaluation is periodically collecting and tracking data on outcomes and
impact of the project
Why is M&E important?

There are various reasons to highlight, including:


• Assess the project's progress to the plans, timetables, and budgets;
learning by documenting our own experiences so that we can all
understand what has and hasn't done well in order to better future
projects;
• Enhance accountability among all participants in a specific project as
well as to the funding agency.
• Enhance transparency and participation throughout project
implementation and serve to display the results of all project staff's
efforts, from the field to the home office.
The different of Monitoring and Evaluation

Monitoring Evaluation

Continuous: day-to-day, routine, on going Periodic: important milestones (mid-term or


activities end of project)
Documents progress using selected intensive review of program achievements
indicators and other determinants of results

Focuses on inputs, activities and outputs Focuses on outcomes and impacts

Provides managers with strategy and policy


Provides warning signs to managers options if corrective action is needed

Self-assessment External analysis


M&E in Project Cycle

Planning

Evaluation Design

Monitoring Implementation
8 Things to know about M&E

1. Project Design :
• By assisting in the establishment of the project's major goals and
objectives in light of the development context in the area of interest,
M&E assists the initial proposal process.
• Additionally, M&E actively collaborates with technical advisors to set
appropriate project goals by utilizing literature reviews, feasibility
analyses, and data predictions.
8 Things to know about M&E (con.)

2. Performance Monitoring Plan:


• The logical and result framework, as well as the M&E work plan, are
all part of the performance monitoring plan (PMP).
• The logical framework of the PMP connects the project goals set in
the initial project design to the day-to-day activities.
8 Things to know about M&E (con.)

3. Data Collection:
• Census data as well as sample data are gathered by enumerators.
Census data is often utilized for fundamental demographic
information and is gathered by surveying the population.
• A statistically representative sample of the population is surveyed to
get sample data, which is then utilized for project-specific technical
data. It is possible to make population-wide generalizations with an
appropriate sampling.
8 Things to know about M&E (con.)

4. Training and Capacity Building:


• Enumerators on staff and from partner organizations receive training
and workshops on survey of data collection methods.
• In order to ensure that enumerators completely comprehend the
questionnaire and are ready for issues that frequently arise during
data collection, roleplaying is employed.
10 Things to know about M&E (con.)

5. Data Management:
• While attempting to organize, clean, and store the data for further
analysis, data is input into databases.
• Additionally, M&E staff members carry out internal data quality
assessments (DQAs) to guarantee the accuracy of the information
collected.
• Field trips, surveys, and interviews are frequently conducted as
separate and independent tasks.
8 Things to know about M&E (con.)

6. Data Analysis:
• Data is prepared for analysis and processing so that program
effectiveness may be determined scientifically.
• Data analysis may be broadened to cover more in-depth studies, such
as cost-benefit assessments and sustainability studies, and it helps
quantify correlations.
• Reports that are produced on a monthly, quarterly, and annual basis
are used to share the results of data analysis.
8 Things to know about M&E (con.)

7. Program Management Support:


• Data is collected and analysed immediately following each growing
cycle, allowing M&E to provide feedback to decision-makers,
including project managers, with appropriate information necessary
to dynamically adjust program goals and objectives.
• M&E reports highlight areas of strength and weakness and allow for
better understanding of the programs ability to meet targets.
8 Things to know about M&E (con.)

8. Outcomes and Impact Evaluation:


• Independent contractors carry out impact analyses that assess the
findings of project results that may be attributed to project-related
activities.
• M&E team contributes data to the assessments and assists in
developing the study concept.
• Impact evaluation is a periodic data collection at the end of project to
find the result of project comparing to the indicator targets
Module 2: Performance Monitoring
Plan (PMP)

What is Performance Monitoring Plan?


• The heart of a monitoring and evaluation system is the Performance
Monitoring Plan (PMP).
• It is a tool to aid in organizing and controlling the procedure for
evaluating and reporting progress made toward the intended
objective of a project intervention.
Why Need PMP?

• The PMP establishes a systematic process to monitor and evaluate a


project’s achievements
• Collect and analyse performance information
• Track progress toward planned results
• Provide performance information for decision-making
• Disseminate results
PMP Key Elements

• Results Framework/Logical
Framework
• Performance Indicators
• Performance Indicator
Reference Sheets
• Work Plan
Impacts
• CO2 emissions

Logic Model avoided


Climate mitigation
Outcomes and adaptation
• Number of clean
technologies supported

Intermediate Widespread use of


Outcomes clean technologies
Outputs • Additional sales revenue
• Number of businesses
• Number of People joint
securing financing
training
• Number of mentoring Clean tech companies
sessions grow

Incubator
provides high
quality and
appropriate
services
Logic Model and Where MEL Result Level

Short-term Long-term
Inputs Activities Outputs Outcomes Outcomes/Impacts

-Number of people trained


Project Activity (Annual
-Staffs Workplan) including : -Number of farmers who
applied new technology -More people used better methods for enforcing
-Budget -Technical Approach conservation laws.
-Number of institutions -More people receiving
-Communication Strategy -More people with improved economic benefits more income generated
-Materials/Equipment with improved capacity derived from sustainable natural resource
-Community Engagement (governance) management and/or biodiversity conservation -Economic Increased
-Other inputs Strategy
-Number of farms have -More Activity designed for women’s participation
- Gender Action Plan botanical practice
(GAP)
- Deliverables

Monitoring Evaluation
and Learning and Learning
Example of Logical Framework

Narrative Summary Indicator Means of Verification Assumption/Risk

Project Goal (Impact)

Purposes (Outcomes)

Outputs

Activities
Exercise
Please put these statement in the Table of Logical Framework in correct places
1. Provide training to Farmers in Cambodia on Pest Management,

2. 50% of People increased knowledge on Pest Management and


Product increased better yield,
3. 1000 People received training on Pest Management,

4. 100 households Increase incomes from agriculture product.


Answer of Exercise
Narrative Summary Indicator Means of Verification Assumption/Risk

Project Goal (Impact) 100 households Increase Endline Survey Flooding and Draught
incomes from agriculture
products
Purposes (Outcomes) 50% of People increased -Pre and Post test, HH Gender equality
knowledge on Pest Survey Disaster (Flood and
Management and Product -Product Yield Products draught)
increased better yield
Outputs 1000 People received Training Report
training on Pest Attendant List
Management
Activities Provide training to Workplan
Farmers in Cambodia on
Pest Management
Performance Indicator Table
Example of Indicator table of one USAID project
Performance Indicator Reference Sheet (PIRS)
A Performance Indicator Reference Sheet is a tool USAID uses to define
performance indicators; it is key to ensuring indicator data quality and
consistency. A PIRS is required for all performance indicators included
in a Performance Management Plan, Activity Monitoring, Evaluation,
and Learning Plan for reporting to Donor.
Why need Performance Indicator Reference Sheet
(PIRS)
• Measurable: Can be recorded and analyzed in quantitative and qualitative
terms
• Precise: Defined the indicator definition clearly
• Consistent: Does not change over time; always measures the same method
• Sensitive: Changes proportionately in response to the actual changes in the
condition being measured.
• Objective: Conducive to impartial and independent data collection,
management, and analysis.
• Practical and Useful: Data measured will be useful for management
decision-making
• Disaggregated: Can be disaggregated by gender, age, location, or other
relevant dimensions
Performance Indicator Reference Sheet (PIRS)
Download
Work Plan Work Plan Template
Performance Indicator Reference Sheet (PIRS)
Guidance & Template
Resources
o PIRS: https://www.usaid.gov/sites/default/files/documents/201maf.pdf
o LogFrame: https://www.usaid.gov/sites/default/files/documents/1865/The-Logical-Framework-A-Managers-
Guide.pdf
o Work Plan: https://www.usaid.gov/sites/default/files/documents/1864/F-Work-Plan-Template.xlsx
Module 3: Data Collection
Data Collection Dimension
Primary Data Secondary Data

• Statistical Method • Government Report


• Survey • Literature Review
• Polls • Desk Review
• Interview • NGO reports
• Delphi Technique • Census
• Focus Groups
Statistical Method

Sample Size Calculation


• n = Sample size;
• N = Total population size;
• d = Precision level;
• Z = Z-score
• P = Degree of Variability
(population proportion).

Download Sample Size Calculator


Selection Method
• Probabilistic sampling and non-probabilistic sampling are the two
main kinds of sampling techniques. Due to the probability theoretical
foundation of probabilistic sampling methods, results and statistics
from the sample may be extrapolated to the complete target
population.
• Since they are not founded on probability theory, non-probabilistic
sampling techniques cannot be applied to the full target population.
This implies that while the findings and statistics of a non-
probabilistic sample are valid for the sample itself, they may not be
valid for the entire population.
Probability Sampling

• Simple Random Sampling (SRS)


• Systematic Random Sampling
• Cluster Random Sampling
• Stratified Random Sampling
Non-Probability
Sampling

• Convenience Sample
• Purposive Sample
• Snowball Sample
• Quota Sample
Data Collection
Technology

• Google Form
• Kobo Toolbox
• SurveyMonkey
• Hard Copy
Form/Questionnaire
Module 4: Data Analysis

Descriptive Diagnostic
What happened? Why did it happen?

Predictive Prescriptive
What is likely to What is the best course of
happen in the future? Action?
Descriptive Analysis

1 2 3 4 5

Step 1: Describe Step 2: Describe Step 3: Describe Step 4: Assess Step 5. Compare
the size of your the center of the spread of the shape and data from
sample your data your data spread of your different groups
(Number of (Mean and (Standard data distribution (Analyze your
Sample) Median) Deviation) (histogram, the data by group)
individual value
plot, and the
boxplot)
Module 5: Data Visualization

Data visualization is the graphical representation of


information and data. We generally use visual elements like
charts, graphs, and maps as data visualization tools
Chart Types use for Data Visualization
Module 6: Evaluation

• For USAID project : Evaluations can be


prepared, carried out, or used at any
point during the Program Cycle;
• This module discusses the many formal
stages of the Program Cycle that are
required or encouraged to examine
whether an evaluation should be
planned for, conducted, or learned
from.
Source: usaidlearninglab.org
When is the evaluation carried out?

• A mid-term evaluation, also known as a mid-term review, is


performed midway through a project or program. It is primarily
intended to determine whether or not a project or program is on
track, as well as what may be done better. Even though it may
indicate progress toward objectives, a mid-term evaluation is
frequently a formative review.
• A final assessment is completed at the end of a project or program
and focuses on what was accomplished (or what changed) and why.
As a result, it is frequently referred to as a summative evaluation.As a
requirement of funding, many funders need final reviews.
When is the evaluation carried out?

• End-of-phase evaluations are employed in multi-phase efforts, . They


are summative in the sense that they aim to comprehend what has
been accomplished in the current phase, and formative in the sense
that they influence decisions for the following phase. End-of-phase
evaluations are more typical in complicated projects or programs that
operate in challenging or unpredictable situations.
• An ex-post evaluation is performed after a project or program has
concluded. This might range from six months to five years afterwards.
Ex-post evaluations are often intended to address questions of effect
and long-term viability. They are essentially totally summative in
nature.
When is the evaluation carried out?

• A real-time evaluation (RTE) is the ultimate sort of evaluation in this


classification. RTEs are generally intended for usage in emergency
situations and are frequently carried out towards the beginning of a
humanitarian project or program. Their objective is to offer real-time
feedback to people in charge of the project or program. They are
mostly formative in nature.

Source : https://www.intrac.org/wpcms/wp-content/uploads/2017/01/Types-of-Evaluation.pdf
Evaluation Checklist (example)

• USAID Evaluation Checklist:

https://usaidlearninglab.org/sites/default/files/resource/files/template-
evaluation_management_process_checklist_2021-02-08-020_v2.pdf

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