Disciplines and Ideas in the Social Sciences– Grade 11

Quarter 1 – Module 7: Key Concepts and Ideas of Structural-Functionalism relevant in

the Social Science
First Edition, 2020

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 DISCIPLINES AND IDEAS
IN THE SOCIAL SCIENCES 11
Quarter 1
Self-Learning Module 7
Key Concepts and Ideas of Structural-
Functionalism relevant in the Social Science
Introductory Message

For the Facilitator:

Welcome to the Disciplines and Ideas in the Social Sciences Grade 11 Self-
Learning Module 7 on Key Concepts and Ideas of Structural Functionalism relevant
in the Social Science!

This Self-Learning Module was collaboratively designed, developed and

reviewed by educators from the Schools Division Office of Pasig City headed by its
Officer-in-Charge Schools Division Superintendent, Ma. Evalou Concepcion A.
Agustin, in partnership with the City Government of Pasig through its mayor,
Honorable Victor Ma. Regis N. Sotto. The writers utilized the standards set by the K
to 12 Curriculum using the Most Essential Learning Competencies (MELC) in
developing this instructional resource.

This learning material hopes to engage the learners in guided and independent
learning activities at their own pace and time. Further, this also aims to help learners
acquire the needed 21st century skills especially the 5 Cs, namely: Communication,
Collaboration, Creativity, Critical Thinking, and Character while taking into
consideration their needs and circumstances.

In addition to the material in the main text, you will also see this box in the
body of the module:

Notes to the Teacher

This contains helpful tips or strategies that
will help you in guiding the learners.

As a facilitator you are expected to orient the learners on how to use this
module. You also need to keep track of the learners' progress while allowing them to
manage their own learning. Moreover, you are expected to encourage and assist the
learners as they do the tasks included in the module.
 For the Learner:

Welcome to the Disciplines and Ideas in the Social Sciences Self-Learning

Module 7 on Key Concepts and Ideas of Structural Functionalism relevant in the
Social Science!

This module was designed to provide you with fun and meaningful
opportunities for guided and independent learning at your own pace and time. You
will be enabled to process the contents of the learning material while being an active
learner.

This module has the following parts and corresponding icons:

Expectations - This points to the set of knowledge and skills

that you will learn after completing the module.

Pretest - This measures your prior knowledge about the lesson

at hand.

Recap - This part of the module provides a review of concepts

and skills that you already know about a previous lesson.

Lesson - This section discusses the topic in the module.

Activities - This is a set of activities that you need to perform.

Wrap-Up - This section summarizes the concepts and

application of the lesson.

Valuing - This part integrates a desirable moral value in the

lesson.

Posttest - This measures how much you have learned from the
entire module.
 EXPECTATIONS

Learning Objectives:
At the end of this module, you are expected to:
1. discuss the key concepts of structural functionalism;
2. trace the contribution of the early functionalists in the development of
structural functionalism; and
3. reflect on the manifest and latent functions and dysfunctions of socio-
cultural phenomena.

PRE-TEST

Directions: Write the letter of the correct answer.

1. Under the functionalist perspective, socialization and learning are
important social ___________.
A. Function B. Structure C. Dysfunction

2. This term refers to the relatively stable patterns of behavior.

A. Social Structure B. Manifest Function C. Latent Function

3. The sociological framework that analyzes societies as a sum of its parts

is known as what?
A. Conflict Theory B. Symbolic Interactionism C. Structural Functionalism

4. Who developed the theory of structural functionalism in the 19th century?

A. Robert Merton B. Talcott Parsons C. Claude Levi-Strauss

5. What best describes the status of structural functionalism today?

A. It is widely accepted C. It is the leading social structure theory
B. It is only used by disadvantaged groups

RECAP
Directions: Match Column A from Column B. Write the letter of the correct
answer on the space provided for.
 Column A Column B

1. The leader of the radical Jacobins A. Automobile

in the National Assembly. B. King Louis XVI
C. Maximilien Robespierre
2. The first vehicle developed by Daimler D. Third Estate
And Karl Benz that uses gasoline and E. England
engine.

3. He was the last king of the French

Monarchy.

4. The country where the Industrial

Revolution first emerged.

5. They mobilized support for equal

representation and the elimination of
the noble veto.

LESSON

Structural Functionalism- is a framework for building a theory that sees

society as a complex system whose parts work together to promote solidarity
and stability. The parts of the whole system may vary in terms of functions
but they are all interrelated.

Structural Functionalism puts emphasis on social structure such as, family,

government, economy, religion, and education wherein, any relatively stable
pattern of social behavior and social functions are looked into.

Proponents of Structural-Functionalism

1. Claude Levi-Strauss-he is
known as the Father of
Structuralism whose work
focuses on the investigation of
the underlying patterns of
human thought that produces
cultural categories.
 2. Bronislaw Malinowski-
concluded that social institutions
exist in order to meet or satisfy the
physiological needs of its members.

3. Alfred Radcliffe-Brown- 4. Robert Merton-expanded the

proposed that relationships exist concept of social function. He puts
within the system that is distinction between Manifest
maintained through Function which refers to the
communication. recognized and intended
consequences of any social pattern
and Latent Function which is the
unrecognized and unintended
consequences of any social pattern.

In the classification of the social functions into manifest and latent. Merton
recognized that the effects or outcomes of social structure are not necessarily
good and not necessarily good to everyone. With this, the term Social
Dysfunction was coined.

Social Dysfunction-is any social pattern that disrupt or affect the operation
of the society.
Causes of social dysfunction may arise from the lack of consensus among
people in a given polity or society about what is helpful or harmful for them
based on the characteristics of each society such as differences in
backgrounds or status which can lead to differences in recognition and
appreciation of things.
 5. Talcott Parsons-developed the AGIL Model which identified the four
imperatives for societies to survive.

 Adaptation-refers to acquiring
and mobilizing sufficient
resources so that the system
can survive.
 Goal Attainment-setting and
implementing goals.
 Integration-maintaining
solidarity or coordination
among the suburbs of the
system.
 Latency-creating, preserving
and transmitting the system’s
distinctive culture and values.

The structural-functional approach is built on the following premise:

1. Each member of any social structure performs a specific function.

2. The members function can be small or significant, it can be dynamic
and/or changing depending on the purpose that the society is aiming
for.
3. The society maintains its equilibrium through its ability to adapt to the
changes.

ACTIVITIES
Activity 13
Directions: Read the statements carefully and choose the letter of the correct
answer.
_______1. In thinking about the distinction between personal and social problems,
we find that the rate of child abuse has soared, affecting as many as 20 percent of
children in our society. We may well ask what has occurred to alter the _____________
of the family.
A. nature B. institution C. importance D. significance

_______2. In structural-functionalism a problem involves a system of inter-

dependent parts, including each of the following EXCEPT:
A. attitudes B. norms C. institutions D. roles
_______3. Which of the major theoretical perspectives in sociology stresses the
importance of knowing individuals' perspectives to understand their
behavior?
A. structural-functionalism C. conflict theory
B. critical theory D. symbolic interactionism
_______4. _____are the behaviors associated with particular positions in the
social structure.
A. Roles B. Norms C. Values D. Institutions

_______5. According to the social dysfunction theory, social problems are said
to arise when opposing values, or other factors, are in conflict with_________.
A. ideologies B. quality of life C. expectations D. institutions

Activity 14
Directions: Match the Manifest Function in Column A to the Latent
Function in Column B. Write the letter of your answer on the space provided
for.
Column A Column B
____1. Make transportation easier, faster A. Decrease in number of health-
and safer. related deaths.
____2. Quicker access to more extensive B. Significant number of people
Healthcare. might not get hired right away.
____3. Opening an area for tourism. C. Increased traffic conditions
____4. Completion of higher education. D. Generate income from tourism
____5. Buying a new house. E. Gain social standing by
showing off one’s wealth.

WRAP UP
Directions: Now that you have completed the activities, what have you
learned in this lesson about Structural Functionalism, contributions of the
early functionalists and the types of social functions? Write your answer in
your notebook.

VALUING
Directions: As an individual, what are your most important functions in the
home?, in the school? and in nation-building?

POST TEST
Directions: Read the statements carefully and write the letter of the correct
answer.
_____1. Functionalism is a sociological theory that views society as:
A. Genetic B. Symbolic C. Chaotic D. Stable

_____2. When a society’s parts work together to maintain stability,

functionalists refer to this as:
A. Equilibrium B. Social solidarity C. Anomie D. Latent function

_____3. Schools pass on generational knowledge, hospitals treat the ill, and
religion provides comfort. What is it called when a social institution serves a
purpose for society?
A. Symbol B. Agency C. Dysfunction D. Function

______4. Sociologists refer to parts of society that do not make positive

contributions to the stability of society as ______.
A. Dysfunctional B. Functional C. Equilibrium D. Consciousness

______5. Education keeps a number of young people from being classified as

unemployed is an example of:
A. Manifest Function B. Latent Function C. Dysfunction D.Functional
Imperative
KEY TO CORRECTION
5. A 5. E 5. A 5. C 5. D
4. A 4. B 4. A 4. B 4. E
3. D 3. C 3. A 3. C 3. B
2. A 2. A 2. C 2. A 2. A
1. D 1. D 1. A 1. A 1. C
POST TEST ACTIVITY 14 ACTIVITY 13 PRE-TEST RECAP

References
https://www.google.com/search?q=latent+and+manifest+function+examples&sxsrf

http://novella.mhhe.com/sites/0070939918/student_view0/chapter1/multiple_choice_quiz.html

https://sociologylectures.weebly.com/resource/functionalism-pop-quiz
https://prabook.com/web/alfred.radcliffe-brown/3732160
http://www.apuntsdeviatge.com/2012/02/claude-levi-strauss.html
http://sociology-article.blogspot.com/2014/08/talcott-parsons.html
https://www.thevintagenews.com/2017/06/03/malinowski-and-his-enchanting-kula-ring-the-
foundation-of-early-anthropology/
https://www.thoughtco.com/robert-merton-3026497