Lab Report

On
E-Commerce
In 4th semester of
MASTER OF BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION

MAHARSHI DAYANAND UNIVERSITY, ROHTAK

Submitted To: Submitted By:

Mr. Ramdev Singh Name : DIVYA KAUSHIK
Roll no-
 INDEX
S.No Name of Programs Date Sign

1. Introduction to E- commerce

2. Types of E-Commerce

3. Elements of E-Commerce

4. Shopping from 10 online stores using

e-commerce

5. Advantages and disadvantages of E-

commerce

6. E-commerce in Banking

7. An example of online
purchase:Snapedeal.com
1.ELECTRONIC COMMERCE

Electronic commerce, commonly known as E-commerce or e-Commerce, is a

type of industry where the buying and selling of products or services is
conducted over electronic systems such as the Internet and other computer
networks. Electronic commerce draws on technologies such as mobile
commerce, electronic funds transfer, supply chain management, Internet
marketing, online transaction processing, electronic data interchange (EDI),
inventory management systems, and automated data collection systems. Modern
electronic commerce typically uses the World Wide Web at least at one point in
the transaction's life-cycle, although it may encompass a wider range of
technologies such as e-mail, mobile devices, social media, and telephones as
well.

Electronic commerce is generally considered to be the sales aspect of e-

business. It also consists of the exchange of data to facilitate the financing and
payment aspects of business transactions. This is an effective and efficient way
of communicating within an organization and one of the most effective and
useful ways of conducting business. It is a Market entry strategy where the
company may or may not have a physical presence.

E-commerce can be divided into 7 subsections:

 E-tailing or "virtual storefronts" on websites with online catalogs,

sometimes gathered into a "virtual mall"
 Buying or selling on websites and/or online marketplaces
 The gathering and use of demographic data through web contacts and
social media
 Electronic data interchange, the business-to-business data exchange of
 E-mail and fax and their use as media for reaching prospective and
established customers (for example, with newsletters)
 Business-to-business buying and selling.
2.TYPES OF E-COMMERCE

1. Business-to-business (B2B).
2. Business-to-consumer (B2C).
3. Business-to-government (B2G).
4. Consumer-to-consumer (C2C).
5. Mobile commerce (m-commerce).

What is B2B e-commerce?

B2B e-commerce is simply defined as e-commerce between companies. This is

the type of e-commerce that deals with relationships between and among
businesses. About 80% of e-commerce is of this type, and most experts predict
that B2B e-commerce will continue to grow faster than the B2C segment. The
B2B market has two primary components: e-infrastructure and e-markets. E-
Infrastructure is the architecture of B2B, primarily consisting of the following:

 logistics - transportation, ware

 housing and distribution (e.g., Procter and Gamble);

 application service providers - deployment, hosting and management of

packaged software from a central facility (e.g., Oracle and Link share);

 outsourcing of functions in the process of e-commerce, such as Web-

hosting, security and customer care solutions (e.g., outsourcing providers
such as eShare, Net Sales, IXL Enterprises and Universal Access);

 auction solutions software for the operation and maintenance of real-time

auctions in the Internet (e.g., Moai Technologies and OpenSite
Technologies);
 content management software for the facilitation of Web site content
management and delivery (e.g., Interwoven and ProcureNet); and

 Web-based commerce enablers (e.g., Commerce One, a browser-based,

XML-enabled purchasing automation software).
 What is B2C e-commerce?

 Business-to-consumer e-commerce, or commerce between companies and

consumers, involves customers gathering information; purchasing
physical goods (i.e., tangibles such as books or consumer products) or
information goods (or goods of electronic material or digitized content,
such as software, or e-books); and, for information goods, receiving
products over an electronic network.12
 It is the second largest and the earliest form of e-commerce. Its origins
can be traced to online retailing (or e-tailing).13 Thus, the more common
B2C business models are the online retailing companies such as
Amazon.com, Drugstore.com, Beyond.com, Barnes and Noble and
ToysRus. Other B2C examples involving information goods are E-Trade
and Travelocity.
 The more common applications of this type of e-commerce are in the
areas of purchasing products and information, and personal finance
management, which pertains to the management of personal investments
and finances with the use of online banking tools (e.g., Quicken).14
 What is B2G e-commerce?

 Business-to-government e-commerce or B2G is generally defined as

commerce between companies and the public sector. It refers to the use of
the Internet for public procurement, licensing procedures, and other
government-related operations. This kind of e-commerce has two
features: first, the public sector assumes a pilot/leading role in
establishing e-commerce; and second, it is assumed that the public sector
has the greatest need for making its procurement system more
effective.15
 Web-based purchasing policies increase the transparency of the
procurement process (and reduces the risk of irregularities). To date,
however, the size of the B2G e-commerce market as a component of total
What is C2C e-commerce?

Consumer-to-consumer e-commerce or C2C is simply commerce between

private individuals or consumers.

This type of e-commerce is characterized by the growth of electronic

marketplaces and online auctions, particularly in vertical industries where
firms/businesses can bid for what they want from among multiple suppliers.16
It perhaps has the greatest potential for developing new markets.

This type of e-commerce comes in at least three forms:

 auctions facilitated at a portal, such as eBay, which allows online real-

time bidding on items being sold in the Web;

 peer-to-peer systems, such as the Napster model (a protocol for sharing

files between users used by chat forums similar to IRC) and other file
exchange and later money exchange models; and

 Classified ads at portal sites such as Excite Classifieds and eWanted ,

Pakwheels.com (an interactive, online marketplace where buyers and
sellers can negotiate and which features “Buyer Leads & Want Ads”).
What is m-commerce?

M-commerce (mobile commerce) is the buying and selling of goods and

services through wireless technology-i.e., handheld devices such as cellular
telephones and personal digital assistants (PDAs). Japan is seen as a global
leader in m-commerce.

As content delivery over wireless devices becomes faster, more secure, and
scalable, some believe that m-commerce will surpass wireline e-commerce as
the method of choice for digital commerce transactions. This may well be true
for the Asia-Pacific where there are more mobile phone users than there are
Internet users.

Industries affected by m-commerce include:

 Financial services, including mobile banking (when customers use their

handheld devices to access their accounts and pay their bills), as well as
brokerage services (in which stock quotes can be displayed and trading
conducted from the same handheld device);

 Telecommunications, in which service changes, bill payment and

account reviews can all be conducted from the same handheld device;

 Service/retail, as consumers are given the ability to place and pay for
orders on-the-fly; and

 Information services, which include the delivery of entertainment,

financial news, sports figures and traffic updates to a single mobile
device.
 3.ELEMENTS OF E-COMMERCE

 Here are four key elements of e-commerce drawn from the needs of
brick-and-mortar businesses and enhanced by technology.

Online Storefront - The Product Manager

 The online storefront is your digital place of business. As with any

business you want to customize it to fit your customers’ buying habits,
your chosen branding, and the logistical needs of your business. A
product manager lets you enter, store, and share information on products,
pick what data is visible to customers, and generally manage the
informational aspects of the shopping experience.
 To design this well you need to think like a customer. How can they see
what they’re getting? Pictures, certainly help, but they’re not the only
way to learn about a product. What do other people think of it, has it won
any awards, how does it stack up against other products and services?
Customers are going to want to make these sorts of comparisons. If you
want them to stay on your site, you need to find a way that makes it easy
for them to do so.

Building an Order - The Shopping Cart

 There are a number of ways for customers to build their orders, but the
most common is the shopping cart. A shopping cart integrates with a
storefront so that shoppers can add items to their purchase list without
ever leaving the product pages. It also gives shoppers a way to see what
they’re planning to order and make changes before completing the sale.
 The shopping cart software handles everything from when you first
indicate you want an item through submitting your delivery address with
one exception - the exchange of funds.

Payment - The Merchant Gateway

 The merchant gateway serves the same function as the electronic card
reader in the checkout line at your favourite brick and mortar store. It
creates a secure online connection to confirm the availability of funds,
initiates an electronic transfer, and creates a record of the transaction.
The more reliable merchant gateways also build in safety precautions like
address confirmation to cut down on fraudulent purchases.
 Because much of the information required for the merchant gateway is
also used for the shopping cart (amount, address, and so forth) it is
important that your shopping cart software is compatible with your
merchant gateway.

Fulfilment - Return of the Product Manager and Shopping Cart

 Just as the Product Manager lets you store and display information for the
shopper, it also lets you enter and retrieve information necessary for
filling an order (such as product numbers, vendors, and handling
instructions). This information is handed off to the Shopping Cart
software, which can then generate an order form or report that includes
all necessary information from every product in the order.
 More sophisticated and integrated systems can take this process a step
further and automatically generate purchase orders for any additional
stock you need.
 4. ONLINE SHOPPING STORES/ WEBSITES

(1) Flipkart.comYou can not only buy books online through Flipkart, but also
mobile phones & mobile accessories, laptops, computer accessories, cameras,
movies, music, televisions, refrigerators, air-conditioners, washing-machines,
MP3 players and products from a host of other categories. After takeover of
letsbuy.com now flip kart is largest player of e-commerce of India.
(2)Amazone.in World leader in e-commerce market recently started operation in
india, Now Indians can buy Books, CDS and Electronic at cheaper price from
Amzon.in. For limited time they offering free shipping.
 (3) ebay.in After almost 6month of dominating at number 1
ebay has come down at number two on indiafreestuff.in list. eBay.in is the
Indian version of the popular online shopping portal eBay.com – world’s online
marketplace. Ebay has a diverse and passionate community of individuals and
small businesses. Ebay offers used and fresh items with a wide network of
international shipping. http://www.ebay.in/
(4) Snapdeal.comSnapDeal offers everything from local daily deals on
restaurants, spas, travel to online products deals. They offer you best price with
free shipping.
(5) Shopclues.comShopclues is famous for their heavily discounted Jaw
Dropping deals. Shopclues is one of the best online stores that offers a wide
variety of cameras, Computer accessories, Mobile, Gift, Jewellery, Cosmetics,
toys, clothes, books and bag. Their Jaw Dropping deal has become most liked
deal of 2012.
(6) Myntra.com Myntra.com is leading online retailer of lifestyle and fashion
products. Myntra offers T-shirts, Shoes, watches and more at discounted price.
(7) homeshop18.com here you find large range appliances, kitchen, cameras,
mobiles, laptops, site, indian, gifts, apparel, buy, online, gifts. and more,
HomeShop18 is a venture of theNetwork18 Group, India’s fastest growing
media and entertainment Group. Network18 operates India’s leading business
news television channels – CNBC TV18 and CNBC Awaaz. HomeShop18 has
also launched India’s first 24 hour Home Shopping TV channel. The company
has its headquarters in Noida, UP. The website has received the ‘Best shopping
site” award from PC World Magazine in 2008

(8) Yebhi.comYebhi is India Largest Shopping

Destination for your Wardrobe. Shop for shoes, apparels, jewelery, Bags and
more. No matter yebhi rules in Apparel catagory and if you want to buy clothes
or shoes online this is best site, Their deals become more lucrative with discount
coupons, Now they are also selling mobiles at good price.

(9)tradus.com - Tradus.in is owned by ibibo from books to

clothes they sell you everything and after buying Buytheprice.com they have
become more bigger. Tradus offers the Online Shopping in India to buy Books,
Mobiles, Cameras, Watches, Apparel, Home Appliances, Ipods& Many More at
Lowest Price & Free shipping although their refunding process takes more than
expected time and they don’t ship all over India.
(10)Pepperfry.comPepperfry is one of leading Indian website in selling
lifestyle products ranging from men and womens clothing, home decor,
jewellery, perfumes and cosmetics, furnitures, bags and accessories.
 5. ADVANTAGES OF E-COMMERCE

 Time saving – is the reason number one for using electronic commerce.
People now have access to their money and what they need to buy from
home and work all from a desktop computer.
 Consumers have an access to a wider range of products – company
now can use internet sites as shop fronts, so consumers can browse, buy
 from many different sellers and making it easier to find exactly what they
are looking for.
 Allows small businesses to mix with the big business online – with a
relatively small cost, a new business can set its self up to conduct
transactions online.
 Provide benefits to suppliers of goods and services – company now can
target a wider variety of consumers even take the product or service
international, allowing them a means of supplying their goods to places
that were before unreachable.
 Business is Open 24 x 7 x 364 7/8 – it works while you play or sleep.
They are open for business every hour of the day, every day of the week,
every week of the year. Your receptionist, greeter and front people are
always working for you because they are your website. They do not
complain about the long hours.
 Messages spreading (world wide market space) – advertising on the
web can make a big or small firm’s promotional message reach out to
potential customers all over the world quickly and small cost as an online
marketing strategy.
 Help protect against frauds and theft losses – electronic payments can
be easier to monitor than payments are made by cheques.

DISADVANTAGES OF E-COMMERCE

 Purchase to Delivery – when making a purchase at a brick and mortar

business, you get the product when you pay for it. On the web, there may
 be a time lag from purchase to actually being able to consume. The
consumer will have to wait for delivery of physical goods.
 Inability to Feel the Physical – it is nearly impossible to sell things like
furniture and tires online. Furniture is something people like to sit on and
know the feel. Tires need to be installed once purchased. The old tires
also need to be disposed of. In both instances, there is a need for real
actions to fulfil the reason for the purchase. That’s why things like food,
jewellery, antiques etc. can never turn to E-commerce.
 Trouble recruiting and retaining employees – the company needs well-
expert and skilled staff to keep up and create the ecommerce facilities of
the company. Many companies favor to outsource their improvement and
programming tasks to decrease labor costs.
 Consumers feel less confident with their credit card numbers – most
of the consumers are still not confident in providing their credit card
numbers for making payments on the website while shopping on the
Internet.
 Not every company can take the benefit – some of the small companies
may not be able to take the benefit of E-commerce for example the lack
of expertise and lack of technology. The legal environment in which E-
commerce is conducted is full of unclear and conflicting laws. It should
be noted that mostly these disadvantages stem from the newness and
rapidly growth of the technology.

6. E-BANKING WEBSITES AND THEIR E-LOGIN

PAGES
1. AXIS BANK.

DETAILS:-

BSE: 532215
Traded as LSE: AXBC
NSE: AXISBANK
Industry Banking, Financial services
Founded 1994 (as UTI Bank)
Headquarters Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
Dr. SanjivMisra (Chairman)
Key people
Shikha Sharma (MD & CEO)
Products Credit cards, consumer
 banking, corporate banking,
finance and insurance,
investment banking, mortgage
loans, private banking, private
equity, wealth management
340 billion (US$5.7 billion)
Revenue
(2012)
Operating 94 billion (US$1.6 billion)
income (2012)
52 billion (US$870 million)
Net income
(2012)
3.4 trillion (US$57 billion)
Total assets
(2012)
Employees 40,239 (on 30-Sep-2013)
Website www.axisbank.com

2. ICICI BANK
DETAILS:-

Type Private
BSE: 532174
NSE: ICICIBANK
Traded as NYSE: IBN
BSE SENSEX Constituent
CNX Nifty Constituent
Industry Banking, Financial services
Founded 1954
Headquarters Mumbai, India
Area served Worldwide
Key people K.V. Kamath (Chairman)
Ms.ChandaKochhar (MD &
 CEO)
Credit cards, Consumer
banking, corporate banking,
finance and insurance,
Products
investment banking, mortgage
loans, private banking, wealth
management
Revenue US$ 13.52 billion (2012)
Operating
US$ 2.12 billion (2012)
income
Profit US$ 1.60 billion (2012)
Total assets US$ 98.99 billion (2012)
Total equity US$ 12.62 billion (2012)
Employees 81,254 (2012)
Website www.icicibank.com

3. JAMMU AND KASHMIR BANK PRIVATE LTD.

DETAILS:-

Type Private
NSE: J&KBANK,
Traded as
BSE: 532209
Industry Banking, Financial services
Founded October 1, 1938
Srinagar, Jammu and
Headquarters
Kashmir, India
Mushtaq Ahmad (Chairman
Key people
& CEO)
Credit Cards
Products
Mortgage loans
Services Consumer Banking
Corporate Banking
Financial Services
Private Banking
 Cash Management
Mobile Banking
6620.53 crore
Revenue
(US$1.1 billion)(2012-13)
Operating 2799.77 crore
income (US$470 million)(2012-13)
1055.10 crore
Net income
(US$180 million)(2012-13)
71743 crore
Total assets (US$12 billion) as on March
31, 2013
4906 crore
Total equity
(US$820 million)(2012-13)
Employees 9400 as on March 31, 2013
Website www.jkbank.net

7:-HOW TO MAKE ONLINE PURCHASE THROUGH

THE USE OF E-COMMERCE
1:- Open any online store for purchase.

Here it is www.jabong.com

2:- Find the product which you want to add to your shopping cart

Here I have chosen Titan Watch

3:- Select the product which you can see on the screen shot image

4 :- Click on the buy option

4:- Provide your e-mail id and click on continue

5:- A new page will open, My cart it is and Fill your shipping details on the next
page and click on continue

6:- Then here click on proceed to payment

7:- Select your mode of payment for your order, here I have selected cash on
delivery (COD)

8:- At last click on complete my order, and your online purchase order is done.

SCREENSHOTS