PA fantion wp ee wpe FOr oe) 6 | py) = g@. 4&7 whenw abe BR ar | Tha Drem area 3(. 9 ohomemecs thy el otke fon ghow Het ¢ (ORO b ea) = 4@) BY ae ae puocl Ue ethene, 04 2 are tbe hor clemeni of mney R- we Anow pts ste adftive’ Pdantty FR gf” bang ~ 6) gaya t ev ‘ co ao nai a e $0) tfho)-£@ —O eee am ®“4 OER amd o aed Pei)=@ sue m) : begeete, ' ) voip Fram 4 (f) 4 (I) fa)+ go) > p 9 71 TT. Me fe (ea ve) we — Know, | ceEs: atC4) =e (vo its fee Pclancarig elena, > $a) play = $0) Hene 4 % the homo norep'o™ 2 fle) + (4) = 0 + $(a) % Le addline frvenge of # Cay Im the wry gt ae) = 4) Maiae d bea Rononuaphtc Heaton alia Va Rio a anothen remy ond ch . tk TAS oP SP ty eel Thon © ea eae ec of a Moo ae Here ot h fhe Hiren lo 0S 2 Ay ( Wage a oa _ Yuen the taato) : Cad 4 he pre gor 4 : ee b@- b) ce se because + ts 0 bom oregon “ S a-b ¢ he ; be aie ee ot _ ot oy) ae i, 2g amd at, = 4 Csby J dGomye sh 1 (yy, = 4 @x4@) a ot , bt é gf =) Roh Gor > 5 fs 6 eee of ges Keroel a hone tarsgepless rg os 1G). {5 seid +o be Kernef bog Cf jun Lames Fon & oes ac ting R tnke 2S 2 ea Suh thot “db @)=0 , then is 4 fm snap adie iderey fon ro ps eve, ee fig Keel function aH ae 38) ~ face] platroy ‘ye Om Let tee mabe MEP Ny oo , Ahene 6 q@)= 3%) 4 : tet oY ay Bee oo a er = 90. 9c (9 hues ste ) wera by a) nultrprca ton in. 4%, 1 oa pm. ply) ? 9s nate! pUcagloy '» 2 eat, jo? whore nay pry) = (3) — 6(3) = 9 (no 12.) —O ; fb pur gi a i aay =o = 3 (Mod 9 ete ©” (1) Ry) Ges iO. eZ, tem Muesli cots on 0s not valet @ ff Py not an eee) jMee tt “fhe mop Gt Yow fay 98 g Wonto ntorepbirs efron AO onto p emote aay rong ef ay vie 20) ve eta of ed Fe Oma grr Be E ROX] oligo) = (f49)- 7) = fay gO) = 23m) +46 9) o(@g) @I.= a)-) = $O).g9W) = p ty PID Pema Yt Ws a om hromonwreplu'S ty & a sof {%, b]sabery 5 B SE Giows, 24 /em g) fie) =(5 2] to 2 dal poraomorep 899 , a tug catios & ede ae (ple rod) + reli] = amet ats rifa.| -b-q att pals ee tales a(Caren (cro) = pg eeradl 4 ect i : Se 4 g(acbd) ceoud (oislitod)f ~foenkd 3 ad thc ee ye Bee Gob Diet ; oo a8, note i) efae bd adlth¢ ~ VL aol b C -ac-b4 4s “fone morepl bi. So afesneet)] x $ lath) -> (rd?) : = yon zen Fong nonplss™ a y ay A ancien 9 Frome wT R. fot Oe 1 sald fe be Zo hore more liv ye plad=o Cop oe Be 6 qt represented ay TG) 20 aorephes wy ene T pepnorerd va 403] nsete. Set of real numbers of fhe fry men when my 4 7) ang gies ores Then Show Pot y (q) a te uals Sat aclelft?ory A MUTE Rea tor) und we ~ yf ie | 4 wey “hers Show Poet Teg ; Z Io meorepbat ng. onal yeo oe relng PS Fsomoryphte tf Mo papytoee ts dine on ¢ fs ono-Ong A tno, aN or phyectn fo thea “Pat ire of a} neal number .Jlv7) $, ane) ale tien J e ou) claweng unl ere addition gee abe gO) | The elements of abe" mente. : Go as Mt nN b = Mm tM 2 mp ™,_& Lz ) is 49 the Goren Heng ath= Men yad mt" = mitm t (rapt o ) B= Mato Vo | whore mytMy= My ; i fo abe ITV AD, = Ns . T+ gaksty closure property | we show tet ! ath=btae JW) | ( Wrpmutertne ) carpe = at (4 DE TW) (Associcun’ne 5 of0tr € J Vo , whore bez | So ato= mits fOrovy =. mins ~ ato=0tara ¢ sh] : gta ae ehenitig Preop enctyy, fn I) Lverhy ji ae : ely y-a-bee ; 2 atby+t Ca-bv,) = ot M2 =0 € TH] i a FH] catistey tovene property. DS] I «hy wader “adutteen, Sim lon\ySod we, oie mpc a Ueace ay, Mubli gbeere oe ee 9 (+644) = fe eicae or TESS 2 < let aby 2 ota. ¢ a oe g((area)4t edyy) ] = 9 Mo atc albt4.) i at ¢ 4 oe Pe OO Buin) + a 9 [omry) -( ae hee: > ae i} i Hence” es ote:-ne = thene (, Mee Hhpes) Sis ron G4 dpvo et AA wretal conuore plule of a one-one “4 ee. s PROX a, ; ) Shy Ae “Tho homonongle &R) % any Bearep lite Hf Me Kennel $= 0 moe) (p) =) : ie Ge tet f bs the 7s opvorepLulsm Favors ROR, tena we Agave to ne Hak! ga ae TY). be. the dedinatl on of Korg gla) =2 we Kao plo) =0 i doe gO. : , oe Q=0.. . a — “3 clfence 9 bs am ~ Sonnrepherns Sa ee 20).G&S) 4 fs ow Konuoegliine 00% [essed 14) -o 7 tee dure objounwe ! is bap One +f yer Such Bok $@-¢H> 9@- §@) 7? , te ae tek then ¢ Ge Pep, “yz pa-o)=0 A abe T(4) Kn . Vp) contain oaly bre clement fo ab =O es =) are 5 hae g(b) Bene ¢ Is one one Hen tia fancHtoy debined De B a) Ltornpnplis™ a ty i eh, 272 > 24 2 PQ = ane 2 oe 4 luk ab 2 cr B46 FEN pllerae t(t+45 d) ) - 4 C aares eee” a gmeaty, ferns). crag] eee a) OIE ’ ‘ane + ng Jromomoreplhdsmm e ht, 22s d Ener 6)), = % (nied 3) Show flat f Is q ea homeawrplism o)” ? \ (Gae nym & 2. § (1 (ode) + inode) ) = f (Ht) (eetc) = (nem)tood2 ) 0 (mod >) + 1) (mod3) = pla Qod 6) 4 Gbrcred| 6) 9 [9 (tod <) mw (acids) ] x $ Pn M (made )) = (9 19) (Hol 3) = Dimoola9, mimods) < b (nero 6) ). b (lad d) ea Lot U és an) Yeo alt @ rom RO and pee eDo-nvea\© U , Seem Choed fhe a= Paes os? due U Is an fdoa of Poy Pea a ytok ca ¢ R Wwne 1 U > 1&C v 2 ee 0 ae (wy) roy 2 O 4O vik Soe Ff te ag tn a fer pally Idoaks ane a ee gee e fiatol © fee no Peper 7cloah . ol , Rdg ad of fret) if AE U be 0” Hue pur objeentve a, -fo Shoo! Ven , VER tek Uo = 0, (et aU anf a f 0 Alene O 0s (Ro pee rf hiets| F 2 ole Sind Hen nev and ater yaa) eV Bee Je. Ue Hew VU is aw Vdea| condeolry a cunt clement 11, la Teh +, for Koa Ce UT D400 yy F 6EU ~) FEU RULE ma ? dhenbe the fheald hay one ocelot Sole)o ot PMself. Pale = 1 02-23 ey Theory u 4 r t, ret grb anys be Romoniorcphisra Prom & Tomy Ro Sauter o gens eae (2) d@-0 ae uw) beal=- pe) .¥ eh ee (it) g(a-b) = pa@)- p ©) vy albe Wa fs | pet = (0) — @O 5 90) 4 40) = GO CoG Ta bomone we e : ‘ % go) + °= ee o custence” of identity acd) trom ef G) AG) a bo) + HO) = POND > d@)= ° Grett Cancatetten J (1) cee wg EY Ox) (0) = b(a + eawy - Oe ey cHromoe bea) % 404 adtMNe Cowerse of pa - | > »&4) a) = CY) dig-oys ps4 cs) ) = POrarh CH) x | t = ¢@ ~eb) (Le, \ aac |“Theor “bet gi RS eae wun Sato bet i * es no. Fam CH) fay 7 glo lact SF a 4 fubsring ofp . i ats a ubring of $ They pigrererte / [ae jubdag Of B aco 0 a) “hemonerep in ie) : Here A be a Sg 4 cf IX Then pA) . Bs @ a (ef asa © 4 a Then Ped = g (42) qnt—the Cc Pan Henn $ (aye Gla) - Per an) ¢ $@) one) Pay). H(AY) = gp @y.a,) € g(A) } Cayse5 doe JO) % a subing of 9 2am seh (i) (et A beh : S \ 9mes 4 FUER PW = 2% ib) = 8’ @-b)= Ta ome =. i Pas) a~b CR. : ae is g(a- DEES e Fee palo) and all. pee > ab @ $b ((a)RR ee le gs hw gio) tsa subiclng oR dd — ‘|bworter’ v4 vd eae let Sh ay rane eNO “fam ee es opt R[ Keng? Ha) 2 by me febheain go) ts 00 anna whera Nker =? & bol Herce oy bay ¥@) ctene Rineep = P(A) ; Kew 25, Ug) Per of Re ; hen 2 | femme Mi ts wel ale fines] | Let wy eR, | 2 oat € Ker $ > a Kay x de Ken { gen p(yrery) =o )t 9 OY) diy) 7 8 Ao a ise omel of w Henue fs onto beeause and pC Rag) e¢ thomue Ts Psemortphrsy di)=3Dory “oe a Gay Gaoaf of a apie hp UNGaihee = Kernel sf a eA Vrononorep lit % Of oR on ms =_4y folead fl 4, the ne f reggie cata fom KR Pa dor Fleas ALR Kore: . a : lust | de Patol Bion Retey a Cet q be fee homaniorep hin pL aaa : where dire) = where 4 ty oe) Pdeoo ef Pee qu objective Wet Chow fue 1 4 qs 0 Qomanmorps ™ . Let Ty 1M Ge cHemee . OCPT RM) Here = rep tha FA = (rt At (rat A) = nee 4 (2 ) ans b (rir ) = me pIGtA 3 (ett) t* ) = o(m)- 4 &) Ne thao desvesln? sg) Tren Ge oS ct teem ue Het Kot = bac) => Arjen Ban x 0 hy ‘unity : ae > Ma flenomorep 81" Se f i alefPnes| cand et addition a | nalrpltcection ‘ » Ue mn eZ g een ~ rt? e Spdetet re (ey awe y) eleretet same) TCO eA tea =metne oe = 9m) 9) eon the Ronronenip'Fer } Ps — undew addition) | eb Ez ano abe RR. ) hay ga). ago(b) = (9) (ab) p(y) = (m7) e Hhene & 0% th =~ (mej(n e) = 6). oy) tenve p Ne Ma homoncorcplutt m adenttty olonumtbe Se et eee Re YS lth wabty and. tre chanercfenttdle of & 970 sen Cones Subning > Fromoreph to, @n TH sa pee 4 a okartee crete op Ps. 0 s thom Coord a Juhuod feomorep {OZ bet cts S EG Pe with unity Let @ Ss the Untty of iR or oak Kabra Or ake ge J kerKe ZF we wy & S ae ke 4 eke y-Y.< (ki -Ky ja es and ay = (Kyk Jee = (Ki kg Je eM, Hene S@ tigi Sub remy of QD vet $s zs Hene 1 ae fomanrorephis rs (at mn € 4 g(mtn) - (mane 2 po t bo) # pay) ~ (mp7 = (mame) ee ae a po) the © pubru | Sa eriggh hy: OP tee Chunacfenter'e of R=0 of ties _Kekgefor. 5 So H % one-one.Yo Roe 4 tulang Prooorcp ls ¢ to & a4. fe rteea fren & contain » grid of chaaachoriti cr oo Gubpietd *sonmareplc +o = Te 6 deed of charcactorefstie .. JRun F vonien -a sub Read : Komonplatc aa He rabonat dumber ; , | Hom fF fad characterises Pond F had « Subning J komoryply © fo z but F he Chonacheniste zero . lot le Jou): arbes 2X bee} Hone we show Hot 7 ks Rromereplde to, ie tations) “no - (aidrg 37% + erppene amd ) P(ajb)= ab? bo ond abe s Hence $ (%, +Yy) ie b(ad fod ). whore of F 0 and tyd ©S (ad-pbe) (b9)7 2 @d toc) (dey) = bad) ie) (bMS Sy Ws of? “1a +e e a N heern ; : lk =) Obl = a te 9 gb bd = aya” =) neve 2 yp - tf” =) ab" ede Henve 4 % onto a Nene able T | “Ye aq om ‘eg So T=49 so, T fs isomunphi¢ Hone, F onfatn & re fsonoreplic sho Zp. ‘ Devo bats Theonom of 1 lek Aebe, 6a Cabaing of RQ wi B be an deol ef R. Thon (7) tro eS taste | Ta subi of R. (1) Arp ts 2 dead of 0. oe ce 1 roman 9 wns.a subnio4 of Pane Hance fe Fs Hay off A OCP go 47d ok ay 10) € 49% and SEA thes aj ty © Ane : sa clyraef molen aot & ad ee Here SA) and Yf & fae 2) b Ps cleo! ‘unde = pultip ape. we yan 7M fp Me cbesed wrdere pultplication a ris gro % on teed ot 4g [(irrproved J ene ve shoo fat BM an Phew! of b im é nee a 3 J (45 )/p, fo gq wal) tot $1 G48)/a—> 4 Hence 44, Ph fia, 1 Beh. Ai. ene Aener a> x define of lng. Pea mapping’.| Ane. i Ane ON Nae : Soy B Ps onerone ond ih. ae | > See \ | i Kenp - 40% coe ~) (448)/0 = 4/(A00 ) “a Hoey _bonnphitm farcry, of ing! wat A ant & be Peal sf Alog & Uhhh Bop fhen M76 am Pdent ef K/n gud Afb 7 Pomorplic -fo Z 4/B y /4 | f | Prod fe A ond db Wem haan d, & she febetiane ie n-enph fk. Ap = Fats pata f Fs a sus-empty ee Get 9) rg eh ane ER %, (ata) t(mt5)~ @ty)t® (A¢4) $y th) 5 YU +2 we (q+) (4B) = at Sine 4 ty an Pde Aly fs an fdoal ot B/A tet ob : R/p = dA he. 4 magpie eBret by pare )=ctA Hone, our objeatre K fo show Fad g 15 wel! defrost + 4 1 hononcrep lism nod ee onto - | ty well ofefinodl 3 - tye P= te 1 ¥ IRE > ty-@ eb ae Pdow tser > UHM FB CH >) M—T 4 >) the mtt _ ~) ¢ (utp) = p(gte) ‘ nO 4 15, Lowore pbs | (oi) (yt?) = d eae q . (te) t I wen + tH) = diate) £9 OtB) #(ccrr® qt) = 4 (1 y+ 8 40B) =f (Q $4) = my Ny + A = uth) (Qt) E $ (148) -f io t5) fs pan tek uA € R It A = (iio) 5 fo} ~ 4/8 Kenup “3 cree R/T ~ Jp € B/n! t+ 45 =F URE R/p, 3 EAS = A/B > (Rio) faim) = ae