Common Engineering Conversion Factors

Length Volumes
1 ft = 12 in = 0.3048 m, 1 yard = 3ft 1 ft3 = 0.028317 m3 = 7.481 gal, 1 bbl = 42 US gal
1 mil = 5280 ft = 1609.344 m 1 US gal = 231 in3 = 3.7853 L = 4 qt = 0.833 lmp.gal
1 nautical mile (nmi) = 6076 ft 1 L = 0.001 m3 = 0.035315 ft3 = 0.2642 US gal
Mass Density
1 slug = 32.174 lbm = 14.594 kg 1 slug/ft3 = 515.38 kg/m3 , 1 g/cm3 = 1000 kg/m3
1 lbm = 0.4536 kg = 7000 grains 1 lbm/ft3 = 16.0185 kg/m3 , 1 lbm/in3 = 27.68 g/cm3
Acceleration & Area Velocity
1 ft/s2 = 0.3048 m/s2 1 ft/s = 0.3048 m/s, 1 knot = 1 nmi/h = 1.6878 ft/s
1 ft2 = 0.092903 m2 1 nmi/h = 1.4666666 ft/s (fps) = 0.44704 m/s
Mass Flow & Mass Flux Volume Flow
1 slug/s = 14.594 kg/s, 1 lbm/s = 0.4536 kg/s 1 gal/min = 0.00228 ft3/s = 0.06309 L/s
1 kg/m2s = 0.2046 lbm/ft2s = 0.00636 slug/ft2s 1 million gal/day = 1.5472 ft3/s = 0.04381 m3/s
Pressure Force and Surface Tension
1 lbf/ft2 = 47.88 Pa, 1 torr = 1 mm Hg 1 lbf = 4.448222 N = 16 oz, 1 N/m = 0.0685 lb f/ft
1 psia = 6.89476 x 103 Pa, 1 bar = 105 Pa 1 kgf = 2.2046 lbf = 9.80665 N
1 atm = 2116.2 psf = 14.696 psia = 101325 Pa 1 US (short) ton = 2000 lbf, 1 N = 0.2248 lbf
= 29.9 21 in. Hg at 0oC= 33.9 ft H2O at 4oC 1 dyne = 1 g cm/s2 = 10-5 N
Power Energy and Specific Energy
1 hp = 550 (ft.lbf)/s = 745.7 W 1 ft.lbf = 1.35582 J, 1 hp.h = 2544.5 Btu
1 (ft.lbf)/s = 1.3558 W 1 Btu = 252 cal = 1055.056 J = 778.17 ft.lb f
1 W = 3.4123 Btu/h = 0.00134 hp 1 cal = 4.1855 J, 1 ft.lbf/lbm = 2.9890 J/kg
Specific Weight Heat FLux
3 3
1 lbf/ft = 157.09 N/m 1 W/m = 0.3171 Btu/(h.ft2)
2

Viscosity Kinematic Viscosity

1 slug/(ft.s) = 47.88 kg/(m.s) = 478.8 poise (p) 1 ft /h = 2.506×10-5 m2/s, 1 ft2/s = 0.092903 m2/s
2

1 p = 1 g/(cm.s) = 0.1 kg/(m.s) = 0.002088 slug/(ft.s) 1 stoke (st) = 1 cm2/s = 0.0001 m2/s = 0.001076 ft2/s
Temperature Scale Reading
°F = (9/5)°C + 32 °C = (5/9)(°F − 32) °R = °F + 459.69 K = °C + 273.16
Latent Heat Gas Constant
1 Btu/lbm = 2325.9 J/kg R = 82.057 (atm.cm3)/(gmol.K)
-4
1 J/kg = 4.2995×10 Btu/lbm = 10.73 (psi.ft3)/(lbmol.°R)
= 10.76 (lbf.ft)/slug = 1.134 (atm.ft3)/(lbmol.K)
= 0.3345 (lbf.ft)/lbm = 0.083144 (bar.L)/(gmol.K)
= 62.361 (mm Hg.L)/(gmol.K)
= 555.0 (mm Hg.ft3)/(lbmol.°R)
Heat Transfer Coefficient Thermal Conductivity
1 Btu/(h.ft2.°F) = 5.6782 W/(m2.°C) 1 cal/(s.cm.°C) = 242 Btu/(h.ft.°R)
1 Btu (h.ft.°R) = 1.7307 W/(m.K)
Heat Generation Rate Heat Transfer per Unit Length
1 W/m3 = 0.09665 Btu/(h.ft3) 1 W/m = 1.0403 Btu/(h.ft)
Mass Transfer Coefficient
1 m/s = 11.811 ft/h, 1 lbmol/(h.ft2) = 0.013562 kgmol/(s.m2)