SAMPLE PAPER - 9 Class 12 - Physics ‘Time Allowed: 3 hours General Instructions: 1. There are 35 questions in all. All questions are compulsory. 2. This question paper has five sections: Section A, Section B, Section C, Section D and Section B. All the sections are compulsory. 3, Section A contains eighteen MCQ of 1 mark each, Section B contains seven questions of two marks each, Section C contains five questions of three marks each, section D contains three long questions of five marks each and Section E contains two case study based questions of 4 marks each. 4, There is no overall choice. However, an intemal choice has been provided in section B, C, D and E. You have to attempt only one of the choices in such questions. 5. Use of calculators is not allowed. Section A In an n-type silicon, which of the following statement is true: a) Holes are minority carriers and pentavalent _b) Electrons are minority carriers and atoms are the dopants. pentavalent atoms are the dopants. ©) Electrons are majority carriers and trivalent) Holes are majority carriers and trivalent atoms are the dopants. atoms are the dopants. ‘Ten identical cells each of emf E and internal resistance r are connected in series to form a closed circuit. An (1) ‘deal voltmeter connected across three cells will read a)3E b) IDE ©) Zero a7E Two-point white dots are 1 mm apart on a black paper. They are viewed by eye of pupil diameter 3 mm, i Approximately, what is the maximum distance at which these dots can be resolved by the eye? (Take wavelength of light = 500 nm) aim b)6m 3m asm Ina reverse-biased diode when the applied voltage changes by 1 V, the current is found to change by0.5 HA. [1] ‘The reverse bias resistance of the diode is )2x 1082 b) 2002 2a N2x 108012, ‘The electric potential V at any point (x, y, z) (all in metres) in space is given by V = 4x? volt. The electric field at the point (1 m, 0, 2 m) in volv/metre: a) 8 along positive x-axis ) 16 along positive x-axis ©) 1G along negative x-axis 4) 8 along negative x-axis ‘A proton (charge +e) enters a magnetic field of strength B (Tesla) with speed ¥, parallel to the direction of ‘magnetic lines of force. The force on the proton is a) evB2 b) 2evB ©) rer0 d) evB A coil of area 80 square cm and 50 turns is rotating with 2000 revolutions per minute about an axis perpendicular to a magnetic field of 0.05 tesla. The maximum value of the emf developed in itis: a) 3 volt 'b) 2007 volt ©) $ volt @) * volt ‘The number af waves in tne meted (wave tin) of a wave of wavelength S000 A is: a) 5x 107 »)2 x 10% 2x 107 Dax 10% In Young’s double-slit experiment, the slits are placed 0.320 mm apart. Light of wavelength A = 500 nm is incident on the slits. The total number of bright fringes that are observed in the angular range -30° < @ < 30° is a) 321 by 641 ©) 640 @) 320 ‘The charge on an electron was calculated by: @) JJ. Thomson, b) Millikan ©) Einstein ) Faraday Which of the junction diades shown below are forward biased? a) +10V: b) -10V ‘A short linear object of length L lies on the axis of a spherical mirror of focal length f ata distance u fromthe [1] ‘mirror. Its image has an axial length L’ equal to: oul »a[se]" ou Oatphenomenon best supports the theory that matter has a wave nature. a) Blectron diffraction b) Photon momentum ©) Photon diffraction @) Electron momentum For the isolated charged conductor of the given figure, the electric fields at points A, B, Gand Dare Ea, Ep, Ec [1] and Ep respectively. Then: b) Ep > Eq > Ex but E 0) Ep =0,Eq=Ec=Ep @) Ep > Bc > Eg = Ea Light of wavelength 6000 A falls ona single slit of width 0.1 mm, The second minimum will be formed for the angle of diffraction of: a) 0.06 radian ) 0.12 radian ©) 0.08 radian 4) 0.012 radian Assertion (A): The binding energy per nucleon for nuclei with atomic mass number A > 100, decreases with A. Reason (R): The nuclear forces are weak for heavier. a) Both A and R are trueand Ris the correct —_b) Both A and R are true but R is not the explanation of A, correct explanation of A. ©) Ais true but R is false. d) A is false but R is true. ‘Assertion (A): When a charged particle moves in a circular path, it produces an electromagnetic wave. Reason (R): Charged particle has acceleration. a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct ——_b) Both A and R are true but R is not the explanation of A. correct explanation of A. ©) Ais true but R is false. 4) Ais false but R is true, Assertion (A): Magnetic field lines can be entirely confined within the core of a toroid, but not within a straight solenoid. Reason (R): The magnetic field inside the solenoid is uniform. a) Both A and R are trueand R is the correct. —_b) Both A and R are true but R is not the explanation of A. comect explanation of A. ©) Ais true but R is false. 4) Ais false but R is true, Section B Assuming that the two diodes Dy and Dp used in the electric circuit shown in the figure are ideal, find out the (2) value of the current flowing through 2.5 resistor10V How much is the energy possessed by an electron for n = 00? i. Why are infrared waves often called heatwaves? Explain. fi, What do you understand by the statement, "Electromagnetic waves transport momentum"? oR How do you convince yourself that electromagnetic waves carry energy and momentum? Explain, with the help of a circuit diagram, the working of a p-n junction diode as a half-wave rectifier. i, Write two characteristics of equipotential surfaces. ii, Draw the equipotential surfaces due to an electric dipole. oR ‘What is the capacitance of arrangement of 4 plates of area A at distance d in the air in the given figure? 4 é Light of intensity 10°° Wm’ falls on a sodium photo-cell of surface area 2. cm?. Assuming that the top 5 layers ‘of sodium absorb the incident energy, estimate time required for photoelectric emission in the wave-picture of radiation. The work function for the metal is given to be about 2 eV. What isthe implication of your answer? ‘Neutrons produced in fission can be slowed down even by using ordinary water. Then, why is heavy water used for this purpose? Section © Hydrogen atom in its ground state is excited by means of monochromatic radiation of wavelength 9754. i. How many different lines are possible in the resulting spectrum? ii, Calculate the longest wavelength amongst them. You may assume the ionization energy for hydrogen atom a5 13.6 eV. ‘Why do we need a broad source for observing interference in thin films? i. Obtain the expression for the magnetic energy stored in a solenoid in terms of magnetic field B, area A and length lof the solenoid. ii, How does this magnetic energy compare with the electrostatic energy stored in a capacitor? oR ‘A rectangular conductor LMNO iis placed in a uniform magnetic field of 0.5 T. The field is directed perpendicular to the plane of the conductor.ae Ae When the arm MN of length of 20 cm is moved towards left with a velocity of 10 ms“, calculate the emf induced in the arm. Given the resistance of the arm to be 5 $2 (assuming that other arms are of negligible resistance) find the value of the current in the arm. i, Which segment of electromagnetic waves has the highest frequency? How are these waves produced? Give [3] ‘one use of these waves. fi, Which EM waves lie near the high-frequency end of visible part of EM spectrum? Give its one use. In what ‘way, this component of light has harmful effects on humans? oR Answer the following questions: i, Name the EM waves which are used for the treatment of certain forms of cancer. Write their frequency range. ii, The thin ozone layer on top of the stratosphere is crucial for human survival. Why? fii, Why is the amount of momentum transferred by the EM waves incident on the surface so small? Derive an expression for the intensity of the magnetic field at an axial point of a short magnetic dipole. BI Section D ABCD is a square of side 5 m. Charges of + 50 C, -50 C and + 50 C are placed at A, C and D respectively. Find [5] the resultant electric field at B. oR ‘Two fixed, identical conducting plates (a & }), each of surface area S are charged to ~ Q and g, respectively, where Q > q>0. A third identical plate (7), free to move is located on the other side of the plate with charge q at a distance d (Fig). The third plate is released and collides with the plate 8. Assume the collision is elastic and the time of collision is sufficient to redistribute charge amongst § & y 9 4 9 a. Find the electric field acting on the plate y before collision. », Find the charges on f and +y after the collision. . Find the velocity of the plate 7 after the collision and at a distance d from the plate 8,i. Draw a ray diagram to show the image formation by a combination of two thin convex lenses in contact. [5] Obtain the expression for the power of this combination in terms of the focal lengths of the lenses. fi, A ray of light passing from air through an equilateral glass prism undergoes minimum deviation when the angle of incidence is 4th of the angle of prism, Calculate the speed of light inthe prism, oR a. Derive the expression for the angle of deviation for a ray of light passing through an equilateral prism of refracting angle A. ». A prism is found to give a minimum deviation of 51°. The same prism gives a deviation of 62°48! for two values of the angles of incidence, namely, 46°6' and 82°42’. Determine the refractive angle of the prism and the refractive index of its material. i. State Kirchhoffs rules. {5} fi, A battery of 10 V and negligible internal resistance is connected across the diagonally opposite comers of a cubical network consisting of 12 resistors each of 19 resistance. Use Kirchhofis rules to determine a. the total current in the network. the equivalent resistance of the network Section E Read the text carefully and answer the questions: ‘A charged particle moving in a magnetic field experiences a force that is proportional to the strength of the ‘magnetic field, the component ofthe velocity that is perpendicular to the magnetic field and the charge of the particle. ‘This force is given by F = g(x B) where q is the electric charge of the particle, v is the instantaneous velocity of the particle, and B is the magnetic field (in tesla). The direction of force is determined by the rules of ross product of two vectors. Force is perpendicular to both velocity and! magnetic field. Its direction is given as & x Bif'qis positive and opposite of & x B if q is negative. ‘The force is always perpendicular to both the velocity of the particle and the magnetic field that created it. Because the magnetic force is always perpenilicular to the motion, the magnetic field can do no work on an isolated charge. It can only do work indirectly, via the electric field generated by a changing magnetic field. (@ What kind of magnetic field is produced by an infinitely long current carrying conductor? Gi) What happens to a stationary electron placed in magnetic field ? ‘What happens to the velocity of a proton projected with a uniform velocity v along the axis of a current- carrying solenoid?‘What are the conditions under which a charged particle experiences magnetic force in a magnetic field? Read the text carefully and answer the questions: Inn ac. circuit, values of voltage and current change every instant. Therefore, the power of an a.c. circuit at any instant is the product of instantaneous voltage (E) and instantaneous current (I). The average power supplied to a pure resistance R over a complete cycle of a.c. is P = ByJ,.When the circuit is inductive, the average power per cycle is E,L, cos “C6IT— b OO mil SOuF 108 ©- 230 V- 60 Hz Inan ac. circuit, 600 mH inductor and a 50 jF capacitor are connected in series with 10 © resistance. The a.c. supply to the circuit is 230 V, 60 Hz. ‘What will be the value of average power transferred per cycle to the resistance? ‘What will be the value of the average power transferred per cycle to the capacitor? ‘What will be the total power transferred per cycle by all three circuit elements? oR ‘What will be the electrical energy spent in running the circuit for one hour?Solution SAMPLE PAPER - 9 Class 12 - Physics Section A (@) Holes are minority carriers and pentavalent atoms are the dopants Explanation: In an n-type silicon, An n-type semiconductor is obtained by doping a semiconductor with a pentavalent impurity. The impurity so added produces free electrons. So the electrons are the majority carriers, while the holes are the minority carriers. An n-type semiconductor is obtained when pentavalent atoms, such as phosphorus, are doped in silicon atoms. ven: ntl mer of cells ()~ 10; Potential of each cel= “The itera resistance ofeach cell = rand te final numberof cll (n)=3. ‘We know from the Ohm’ law, the total voltage of ten cells = 10 x E.= 10 E and the total resistance inten cells = 10 x r= 10 “Therefore current inthe circuit ee ‘or potential efference across thre cell =1x3r= 2x 3P=3E (Since te votmeter is dea, shereore it wil ead 3) @sm Explanation: Resolution init = sin = = % = 1.224 1 D= Tm naked 1a 5107 Hesm (2x 092 don: =4ta Explanation: Reverse resistance = $F = —— =2x 10° (@) B along negative x-axis Explanation: E = — [i + jk) B= —[i(8x)] Baa\=—8i So electric field Is 8 along negative x-axis (2010 Explanation: Lorentz force is given by F = Bgvsin @ ‘When the proton enters the magnetic field parallel to the direction of the lines of force, 6 = 0. - = 2m x 208 = NBAw, @ = 2mf= 2m x 2000 - 4 00 = ar. B= 50 X 0.05 x 80% 104 x 2m x AM = AE vot (b)2 x 10° Explanation: 2 10° (year Explanation: For ‘n! number of maximas dsind=nd0.32 x 10° sin 30°= n x 500 x 10° sane x 1 = 320 woxi0-® * 2 Hence total no. of maximas observed in angular range -30° << 30° = 320414320 = 641 (©) Millikan Explanation: Charge on an electron was calculated by Millikan, © ~10V: Vv Explanation: The p-n junction diode is forward biased when pis at high potential with respect ton. Hence this option is comrect. @ 1{—)" ofa] Explanation: ++ 4=4 or Le., dv = -du(viu)? = oh ot Butw= 25 or So, dv Hence |dv) = (@) Electron diffraction Explanation: ‘The matter has a wave nature is best supported by the phenomenon of electron diffraction. (b) Ep> Ea> Ec butEy=0 Explanation: Ep > Eq > Ec but Ey = 0 (@ 0.012 radian Explanation: add explanation here (© Ais wue but Ris false, Explanation: Nuclear forces are nearly equally strong forall nucle. (@) Both A and R are mue and R is the cortect explanation of A. Explanation: The circular motion of the charged particles is an accelerated motion and an accelerated charge emits electromagnetic radiation. (©) Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A. Explanation: Magnetic field lines can be entirely confined to the core ofa toroid because toroid has no ends. It can confine the field within its core, A straight solenoid has two ends. If he entire flux were confined between these ends, the flux throughout the cross-section at each end would be non-zero. Section B Dy is reverse biased ©. Dyconduets 30Infrared rays are readily absorbed by the (water) molecules in most ofthe substances and hence increases their thermal motion. Thus increases the Internal energy and temperature of the molecules. This Is the reason they are often called as heat waves. |. Electromagnetic waves can set (and sustain) charges in motion. Hence, they are said to transport momentum. oR ‘When an electromagnetic wave interacts with matter, Its eleciric and magnetic fields set in oscillation the charges present in the ‘matter. The charges thus acquire energy and momentum from the em, wave showing that it caries energy and momentum. (1) ‘When the sun shines on our hands, the energy absorbed from the em. waves warms our hands, (Il) An em. wave carries _momentum. When it falls on surface, it exerts pressure called radiation pressure. A rectifier, which rectfies only one half of each a. input supply cycle, is called a half wave rectifier. ‘The arrangement is shown in the figure below. ¥ ‘Working: During one half of the input ac, the diode is forward biased and a current flows through RL. During the other half of the input a.c., the diode is reverse biased and no current flows through the load RL. Hence, the given a.c. input is rectified. The input and output waveforms are shown in the figure below. 1 Input ond output waveforms, 23. i. a, Two equipotential surfaces do not intersect each other as normals atthe point of intersection on two surfaces will give two different directions of same electric field which is impossible, b, Closely spaced equipotential surfaces represent strong elect field and vice-versa 41, Equipotential surfaces of an electric dipole having charges +3 mC and -3 mC are shown below: As shown in Fig. suppose point P is connected 10 the positive terminal and point Q to the negative terminal ofa battery. Clearly ‘we have three capacitors I, I, and II] Their positive plates are connected to the same point P while the negative plates are connected to the same point Q. So the three capacitors are in parallelm+ ypivalent capacitance, y= C1 tC +Cy=3= Given, Intensity of light = 10° wm ‘Surface area of the sodium photocell, A = 2 em? Top five layers of sium absorb the Incident energy (given) the work function forthe metal 69 = 2eV Therefore, [Number of atoms in 5 layers of sodium is, noe a re] 10! ‘Aasage atthe only one tomdactin efter pe sin toe, .*, Number of electrons in 5 layers = 1017 ring recived by an electron part ae woot thus the time require for photoemission i, peter” 10 1.6 x 10's. “Thus, tis contrary tothe observed fat that hee i no une lag betwen the incidence of light and the emission of photaelectons, Neutrons produced daring fission get slowed if they collie with cleus the same mass. As ordinary water contains yrogen atoms (of mass neatly tat of neutrons), so Itcan be used as a moderator. But t absorbs neurons a fas rae via the reaction: podey ere dis deuteron. To overcome this ifticuly, heavy water is used as a moderator which has negligible ros-scton for neutron absorpaon, Section ¢ 26.1. Energy of the ground state (n = 1) = ~ ionization energy) = -13.6 eV ‘The wavelength of the incident radiation, = 975A p= (hand » ate Planckes constant and frequency ofthe electromagnetic wave respectively) ‘The ato of monnents transfered by the EM waves incident on the surface is very snl du to he very Large vale of speed of ight, Let NS be a bar magnet of lng 21 and of pote strength gn. Suppose the magnetic fed is wo be determined at point P wich ies nthe tes of the magnet ot a dstmcer ron ts centre shown in figure. Imagine a unit north pole placed at point P. Then from Coulomb's law of magnetic forces, the force exerted by the N-pole of strength qj on unit north pole will be rm a Sa along NP ‘Similarly, che force exerted by S-pole an unit north pole is Yo 2 atong Pa nd . ‘Therefore, the strength ofthe magnetic field B at point P is Bay = Force experienced by a unit north - pole at point P 7 Me, 2m Tey Fora short bar magnet, | <q, so the direction will be cowards left ‘The electric field at due to the plate f Is 3m . During the collision plates f and ~y are together so they must be at one potential. Charge on f Is qy and ony Is qa . Consider a point O, in between the plates. The electric field here must be zero. = Electric feld at © due to a = $25, tothe tftElectric field at O due to 8= <8, tothe right Seay let field at © due y= $2 tothe let As the electric field at O is zero, therefore Ou a Baa) ~ Bey QF 43-42-00) ‘There is no loss of charge on collision, therefore Q+qeat a iil) On solving (9 and (4), we get qn = (Q+ 4) = charge on plates 8 42= (2)= charge on pate > ». Let the velocity be v at the distance d after the collision. If m is the mass of the plate -y, then the gain in K.E. over the round ‘rip must be equal to the work done by the electric field. After the collision, the eletre feld at -yis (Qiai2) a2 B95 7 Reps BS (9/2)? Fe= Engit= E> = _ [e292 , wa?) 4g @-wara Total work done =(F; + F)d= [ ee ea as ‘Using work energy theorem, we have Lamy? = (awit gr Farber saving, we have »=(@- D(a) " _ Ange. é = ie ‘Two thin lenses, of focal length fy and fz are kept in contact, Let © be the positon of the object and let be the object distance, The distance ofthe image (which is at 1), fr the fist lens is vy ‘This image serves as object forthe second lens, Let the final image be at 1. We then have 2 | ray of light passing from the air through an equilateral glass prism undergoes minimum deviation. Thus, At a minimum, deviation = 30° = ier = +, Speed of light in the prism v= £ = = (21 x 10% ms!) OR a. Consider that a ray of light PQ is incident on the refracting face AB of the prism at point Q as shown in figure. When light ‘passes through a prism refraction takes place at both the surfaces of the prism.so 6 In figure, i and e are the angle of incidence and emergence respectively. Angles ry and rp are angle of refraction at both the surfaces of the prism. A ts the angle of prism and 6 be the angle of deviation, ‘The rays PQ, QR and RS are called incident ray, refracted ray and emergent ray respectively. Produce SR backwards, so as to meet the ray PQ at point T, when produced. Then, KTS = 6 is called the angle of deviation and ZRQO =n), we have Also, ZTRO =e andl ZQRO = tp, Therefore, ZTRQ=e-1 ‘Now, in wiangle TQR, the side QT has been produced outwards. Therefore, $= ZTQR+ ZTRQ=(i-n) +(-1) G49 -C1 DD Intriangle QRO, the sum of the angles is 180°, Therefore, 1 +t + ZQOR = 180° (i) In quadrilateral AQOR, each of the angles AQO and ARO is 90° Since the sum ofthe four angles of a quadrilateral is four angles, the sum of the remaining two angles should be 180° Le. A+ ZQOR = 180° i) From the equation (it) an (il), we have + H=A.Alv) In the equation (1, substituting for (r+ 12) we have S=(49-A orA+é=ite Hence, 6 = (i-+e)— A The incident ray is deviated through 6 = 62°48" when angle i = 40%:. From the principle of reversibility of light, itis clear from the figure thatthe emergent ray (for which angle e= 82°42' is also deviated through the same angle 6. Now, b=(i+e)-A or A= (i+) = 40°6! + 82°42’ — 62°48 or A = 60° Which is the refractive angle ofthe prism. For minimum deviation, Hence, bain = 24 — A 55°30 ‘which is the angle of inciclence at minimum deviation? The refractive index of the material of the prism is given byorp or = 1.648 Kirchhoffs Ist rule or Junction Rule: The algebraic sum of electric currents at any junction of electric circuit is equal to 2er0 ie, OT=0 Kirchhoff's IInd rule or Voltage Law: In any closed mesh of electrical circuit, che algebraic sum of ems of cells and the product of currents and resistances is always equal to zero. ie, DE+DIR=0 a) Let 61 current be drawn from the cel. Since the paths AA’, AD and AB are symmetrical, current through them is same. As per Kirchhoff’ junction rule, the current distribution is shown inthe figure “Let che equivalent resistance across the combination be R. E=Vq-Va=(6DR > GIR = 106" E= 10 V]..0) Applying Kirchoff's second rule in loop AA'B'C'A. 21x L-1x 121% 1410=0 > 51=10 Ss 1220 ‘Total current in the network = 61=6 x 2=12A ) From Eq, (), 6IR = 10 6x2x Section E 54, Read the text carefully and answer the questions: A charged particle moving in a magnetic field experiences a force that is proportional tothe strength of the magnetic field, the component ofthe velocity that is perpendicular tothe magnetic field and the charge ofthe parle This force is given by F = q(6 x B) where q is the electric charge of the particle, vis the instantaneous velocity of the particle, and B isthe magnet fel (in ela), The direction of force Is determined by the rules of cross product of two vectors, Force Is perpendicular to both velocity and magnetic field, Its direction is given as & x Bf q is positive and opposite of & x Bit q is negative, ‘The force is always perpendicular to both the velocity ofthe particle and the magnetic field that created it. Because the magnetic force is always perpendicular to the motion, the magnetic field can do no work on an isolated charge. It can only da work indirectly, via the electric field generated by a changing magnetic Feld. (W) Magnetic field lines are concentric circular loops in a plane perpendicular to the straight conductor. The centres of the circular magnetic field lines lie on the conductor. (li)remains stationary For stationary electron, = 0 .'. Force on the electron is, F',, = —e(@ x B) =0 (tye proton will continue to move with velocity v along the axis Force on the proton, Fy = e(@ x B) Since, 7 is parallel to B«Fp =0 Hence proton will continue to move with velocity v along the axis of solenoid OR ‘The particle is moving and magnetic field is perpendicular to the velocity. “Magnetic force on the charged particle q is Fy = (8 B) or Fm = qv Bsin® ‘where 6 is the angle between @ and B. ‘Out of the given cases, only in case (b it wil experience the force while in other cases it will experience no force. 35, Read the text carefully and answer the questions: man ac. circu, values of voliage and current change every instant. Therefor, the power ofan a.c. clrcut at any instant fs the product of instantaneous voltage (E) and instantaneous current (1) The average power supplied to a pure resistance R over a complete cycle of ac. is P = Ey. When the circuits inductive, the average power per cycle is Eyl, cos Omit SNF 102 230 V.60 In an. ac. circuit, 600 mH inductor and a $0 jF capacitor are connected in series with 10 2 resistance. The a.c. supply to the circuit is 230 Y, 60 Hz. (Average power transferred per cycle to resistance is P, = 12 Ask, = wh =2evL=2 x 2 x 60% 0.6 = 226.289 z= RPS (Xi ~ Xo)’ = VO? + 26.28 — 58.087 = ma Py = 12 R= (1.82)? x 10 = 17.42 W (i) PL = Bolecosd 132A yee Ina capacitor, phase difference, ¢ = 90° PL = Eel, cos? =70r0 (iifTotal power absorbed per cycle P= Py + Pe + Py. = 17.42 +0+0= 17.42 W oR Energy spent = power » time = 17.42 x 60 x 60= 6.2 x 10" Joule