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Lab 3 (Polygon Law of Forces

This document summarizes an engineering mechanics lab experiment to verify the polygon law of forces in equilibrium using a concurrent force system. The objective is to verify the law of polygon forces and equilibrium conditions in force systems. The apparatus used includes a Gravesend's apparatus, paper, weights, hangers, pens, and a force board. The procedure involves setting up the forces in equilibrium, measuring and marking the forces, drawing the vector diagram, calculating the forces analytically, and comparing the analytical and graphical results. The analytical calculation finds the individual forces and their x and y components, and sums them to find the net force and its direction. Graphically, the polygon law is used to find the net force. The results match within

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Muhammad Huzaifa
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761 views4 pages

Lab 3 (Polygon Law of Forces

This document summarizes an engineering mechanics lab experiment to verify the polygon law of forces in equilibrium using a concurrent force system. The objective is to verify the law of polygon forces and equilibrium conditions in force systems. The apparatus used includes a Gravesend's apparatus, paper, weights, hangers, pens, and a force board. The procedure involves setting up the forces in equilibrium, measuring and marking the forces, drawing the vector diagram, calculating the forces analytically, and comparing the analytical and graphical results. The analytical calculation finds the individual forces and their x and y components, and sums them to find the net force and its direction. Graphically, the polygon law is used to find the net force. The results match within

Uploaded by

Muhammad Huzaifa
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Engineering Mechanics Lab

3rd Semester

Lab Instructor: Ahsan Ali Class : ME-14 A


Name : Muhammad Huzaifa
CMS ID: 404564

School of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering


(SMME)
Experiment
Verifying polygon law of forces in equilibrium by using concurrent force system.

Objective
We have to verify law of polygon forces and condition of equilibrium in force
systems.

Apparatus

 Gravesend’s apparatus
 Paper sheet
 Weight with three hangers
 Pencil
 Drawing pens
 Protractor
 Thread
 Force board
 Tripod stand

Procedure
 Set up the force board and clamp the pulleys accordingly. Fix the paper sheet with
drawing pin on the board set in a vertical plane such that it should be parallel to the
edge of board.
 Pass a thread over the pulleys. Attach pans to the free ends of the threads and then
add weights in the pan so that the knot is suspended in equilibrium in the centre of
the force board.
 Note down the weights at which the system comes in equilibrium.
 Mark lines of forces represented by thread without disturbing the system and write
the magnitude of forces.
 Remove the paper from the board and produce the line to meet at Centre.
 Select a suitable scale and draw the vector diagram and find out resultant vector.
 Analytically find out the resultant of vector and compare both graphical and
analytical method.

Analytical method

Forces (F) Value of F Fx = F Cos θ Fx = F Sin θ


F1 1.96 F1x= 1.66 N F1y= 1.04
F2 0.49 F2x= 0.401 N F2y= 0.281
F3 0.49 F3x= -0.42 N F3y= -0.25
F4 1.96 F4x= -1.59 N F4y= 1.15
F5 0.49 F5x= 0 N F5y= 0.49

Applying conditions of equilibrium ;


ΣFx=0 ; F1x + F2x + F3x + F4x + F5x = 0
1.66 + 0.401 + (-0.42) + (-.159) + 0 =

ΣFx = 0.051 N
ΣFy=0; F1y + F2y + F3y + F4y + F5y = 0
1.04 + 0.281 + (-0.25) + 1.15 + 0.49 = 0

ΣFy = 1.169
Direction of resultant can be found as ;
Ry
θ = tan-1
Rx
θ = tan-1 ( 1.169/0.051) = 87.50
Magnitude of resultant is given as;

F2 = Fx2 +Fy2
F2 = (0.051)2 + (1.169)2 = F= 1.170 N

Graphical method

By using Polygon law of forces, we have the value of F is ;


F = 1.12 N
Error
Percentage error = Theo - Exp/ Exp × 100
% Error = 1.170-1.12/1.170 × 100
% Error = 4.2 %

Conclusion
The purpose of experiment was to verify the law of polygon forces .We hang weights to
pulleys until the system came in equilibrium.By using analytical method, we find out the
resultant of all the forces.Then we solve the system using graphical method to compare
the value of resultant with the value obtained from analytical method.There was a small
error we face at the end.Human error was the main cause of this deviation .We conclude
that both analytical and graphical methods are useful tools for addition of.vectors.

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