FCE Use of English VY moe ogra Cambridge Examination it Virginia Evans ye DO ease MU IR Virginia Evans Baas Express PublishingTeacher’s Book FCE Use of English 1 for the Revised Cambridge Examination Virginia Evans faa Express PublishingPublished by Express Publishing 3 Roman Bridge Close, Blackpill, Swansea SA3 SBE Tel: +44-1792-404855 - Fax: +44-1792-404886 @-mail:inquiries@expresspublishing.co.uk. INTERNET http: /Awww.expresspublishing.co.uk. © Virginia Evans Second impression 1998 All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form, or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying or otherwise, without the prior written permission of the Publishers. Tests may be reproduced without permission for classroom use only. ISBN (SET) 960-361-015-1 ISBN 960-361-016-XContents A. Key 1. Modals Consolidation 1 2. The Infinitive / -ing form / Participies Consolidation 2 . Practice Test 1 3. Tense Forms ... Consolidation 3 .. 4. Clauses / Linking Words Consolidation 4 . Practice Test 2 .. Pre-test 1 5. Adjectives / Adverbs / Comparisons ... Consolidation 5 6. Passive Voice / Causative Form Consolidation 6 . Practice Test 3 ...... 7. Reported Speech . Consolidation 7 . 8. Conditionals / Wishes / Unreal Past Consolidation 8 . Practice Test 4 Pre-test 2 ...... 9. Nouns / Articles Consolidation 9 10. Emphatic Structures / Inversion Consolidation 10 Practice Test 5 11. Determiners / Pronouns Consolidation 11 12, Questions / Short Answers Consolidation 12 Practice Test 6 .. Pre-test 3 GELSLESRSS B. Tests and Keys 1. Test 1 . 59 2. Test 2 66 3. Test 3 73Key FCE Use of English 1 for the Revised Cambridge Examination 1 Modals (Ex. 1 should be done in class. Help Ss understand the function of each modal verb and the synonymous expressions. As an extension, ask Ss to make sentences of their own using modals with various meanings. If Ss have difficulty go,through p.4 and p.5 first, then do the exercises.) Beenognen necessity/obligation, It is necessary/| must request, Can I/Could |? suggestion, Let's go/What about going? probability, We ought to/We'll probably ability, She is able to permission, May /Could !? advice/criticism, You ought to/You had better logical assumption, I'm sure absence of necessity, It’s not necessary/You don’t have to (Ex. 2 should be done in class) 2 (Suagested answers) 3 4. 5. . must be, logical assumption Why don't we have a barbecue tonight?/ Let’s have a barbecue tonight. may be, possibility Would you mind, Could you finish the report before you leave? 6. Shall, offer 7. 8. should, advice prohibition, Children are not allowed to play on the grass. 3. (Suggested answers) 1. en en She may have misunderstood you. It's possibie that she misunderstood you. Perhaps/Maybe she misunderstood you. They must be tired. They should pay more attention. They need to pay more attention. They had better pay more atterition. I'm sure she hasn't sold her house. She can't have sold her house. He’s likely to object. He'll probably object. We might have to wait for them. It’s possible that we will have to wait for them. 11. possibility, it's possible 12. criticism, He might have 13. offer, Shall 2 14. prohibition, You mustn't 15, duty, They were obliged to 16. lack of necessity, You don't have to 17. request, Would you 18. advice/criticism, She ought to 19. suggestion, Let's go 9. should have, advice/criticism 10. have to 11. can't be coming 12. You can board the plane now. 18. May |, Could | borrow your book, please? 14. must, necessity/obligation 16. can't have, logical assumption 7. She can't be Australian. I don't think she is Australian. 8. He must be terrified. 9. We should offer to help. We had better offer to help. 10. It's likely they'll want something to eat. They are likely to want something to eat. 11. You are not allowed to park here. You may/must not park here. 12. He ought to have warned us about the dog. He could have wamed us about the dog. ... must not/mustn't go beyond 4. ... must not/mustn’t take books ... . doesn't have to get... 5. ... doesn’t have to work ... must 4, mustn't 6. needn't 8, needn't needn't 5. mustn't 7. must 9. must needn't have taken so ... 4, ... didn’t need to get ... don't have to water ... 5. needn't have come so .FCE Use of English 1 for the Revised Cambridge Examination ... can't be feeling sick -.. May/might have been working .. may/might be on ... may/might have been too ill... must have informed the police ... .. may/might be sunbathing this time ... .. must have warned the soldiers ... ... Can't have been working ... 1. May/might have been telling you Seenoanon 8. (Suggested answers) " 12... 13. 14. 15. 16. 17. .. 18. 19. Key ... may/might have been working ... may come with ... .- can't/couldn't have prepared ... may/might have been asleep may be waiting ... ... can't/couldn't have known .. must have stopped ... mayimight have iett... must have been lying ... 2. Would you like me to book a ticket for you as well? 3. Why don't we invite Paul and Helen?/Let’s invite Paul and Helen. 4. I'm supposed to welcome the guests and show them to their rooms. 5. Is he likely to have forgotten all about it?/Is it likely that he forgot all about it? 6. You are to wait until dark before you leave. 9. (Suggested answers) 2. could do 12, 3. were to/should/ought to have finished 13. 4. mightimay have mentioned 14, 5. has had to walk 18 6. should/ought to take 16, 7. are not allowed to/must not walk 17, 8. should/ought to have known 38, 9. are to/must/ought to/should destroy 19. 10. can/may enter 20. 11. need to/would like to/must find out 10. 2. ... is likely to come to 10. 3. .... are not allowed to photograph 11, 4. ... mustn't touch the statues ... 12, 5. ... can’t have cheated 13, 6. ... you need to call . 14, 7. .«. you like me to carry .. 15. 8. ... can't have done it... 16. 9. ... you mind if | took ... 7 11. 2. have 5. had 8. to 11. that 3. been 6. it 9. is 12. we 4. to 7. be 10. will 13.to Oral Development 1 must have been waiting was supposed to take/should have taken will be given Would you mind taking/Would you take weren't allowed to wear should/ought to/could have brought ‘Shall/Can/Could } carry have to!need to have could/might/should/ought to have rung «-- We go and see ... don't need to do ... .. should eat less ... needn't have taken ... . Must spend aff her money ... . you have to say ... . Must have known what ... .. may/might be busy , 14. to 17.got 20. if 15, does 18. to 16. will 19. had Students, in pairs, go through the pictures and make speculations using modal verbs or synonymous expressions. If Ss have difficulty, T asks concept questions to help them. Concept questions: Picture 1: Why is the old man in a wheelchair? Who's the woman behind him? Where can they be? What are they looking at? What are they thinking about? etc. Picture like? etc. nat are the men’s jobs? Where are they? What are they doing? What do they look Picture 3: Where are they? What are they doing? What's their relationship? How do they feel? What's happened? etc. Picture 4: Where is she going? What is she looking for? How does she feel? etc.FCE Use of English 1 for the Revised Cambridge Examination ‘Suggested answers Picture 1: Picture 2: He may be feeling lonely. He is likely to be there for months. ete They must be colleagues. They might try to find a solution to a problem. They may have been working together for a long time. ete Picture 3: They may be a couple. They could have had an argument. She might be leaving him. They ought to find a solution together. They must be feeling awiul. etc Picture 4: She must be looking for a taxi, She may be going to a party. She must have spent lots of money on presents. etc Consolidation 1 42. 2 upto 4. infor 6. down 8 off 10.down 12,outof — 14. off 3. over 5. upto 7. in(on) 9. up 11.into 13. up 16. in 13, 2to 4.to 6. to,for 8. of 10. in 12.of 14,about 16.0n 18.0n 3. at 5.to 7. of 9. with, about 11. with, for 13.for 15. with, to. 17. for 14, 2. ... don't have to drive ... 6. 3. ... have run out of . 7. 4. ... isn't my fault if... 8. 5. ... has been in London since ... 9. ... must have read about it... 1% 2A 48 6B BA 10A 12A 14B 16A 186 20.8 3C 5C 7A 9B 1.6 130 15.B 17.6 19.B 16. 1. in 4. which 7. by 10. as 43, such 2. tongue 5. rest 8. to 11. since 14, for 3. than 6. these 9. in 12.rather 15. Another 17. ‘an invitation |saying sth | an accusation | help Jan offer] knowledge | to work] responsibility| refuse v vf[v v deny v v v v passport hand teeth Tights [flowers | promise | alarm | statement false v v v v v artificial v viv ‘sky hands voice house |view | clothes record [conscience clean v v v v clear v v v v 18. 1. endless 3. truth 5, peaceful 7. hospitable 9. impersonal 2. warmth 4. enjoyable 6. unpelluted 8. luxurious 10. popularity 19. 1. said 3 the 5. 7 7. much 9. been 11. ¥ 13.to 15. as 2. to av’ 6 that 8 v 10. never 12. thing 14. inFCE Use of English 1 for the Revised Cambridge Examination Key 2, The Infinitive/-ing form/Participles 20. 2. (to) have been driving 5. (to) try 8. (to) be accepted 3. (to) have been taught 6. (to) be brought 9. (to) have been written 4. (to) have come 7. (to) be studying 10. (to) have left 21. 2. tobe allowed 7. to be reading/to read 12. to have seen 3. to be finding/to find 8. to be admitted 13. to be awarded/ 4. to be invited 9. to have won to have been awarded 5. to have lost 10. tohelp 14, to be looking after 6. to be meeting/to meet —11. to have been caused 22. 2. -ingform 5. BI 8. Fl 11. -ing form 14, -ing form 3. -ingform 6. -ingform 9. Fl 12. BI 15. Fl 4. Bl 7. Fl 10. -ingform 13. BI/-ing form 16. -ing form 23. 2. toretum/ 6. have been starving 11. living 16. to be lying to have returned 7. have 12. visit 17. taking 8, to surrender 8. to make 13. toconcentrate 18. borrow 4. havecomplained 9. toincrease 14, have seen 19. getting 5. tohave invented 10. have told 15, to hear 20. to be 24. 2. eating 6. to realise 10. saving 14, having 3. to cheer 7. to honour 11. exchanging 15. overeating 4. to satisfy 8. lighting 12, toeat 5. complaining/to complain —-9._ giving 13. to have spent 25. 2. sell 5. toretire 8. gossiping 11. Buying/To buy 14. sailing 3. todo 6. waste 9. live 12. touring/tour 15. walking 4. working 7. digging 10. toenjoy —13. to buy 16. talking 26. 2 ring 3. standing 4. flowing 5. blowing 6. drilling 7. break into 8. sing 27. 2. really needs renewing/to be renewed 4. advised not eating/us to avoid eating 3. are required to vacate 5. need to be considered 28. 1. towrite 5. to get, spending 9. offering, to say 2. washing, to take 6. spoiling, to hear 19. fo go, doing, sitting, to go, stay 3. not knowing, to worry 7. to.ask, getting 11, to park, paying 4. visiting, to take 8. to tell, telling 12, to contact, phoning 29, (Suggested answers) 2. touching 6. to talk 10. to take 14. packing 18, laughing 3. smoking 7. cycling 11. to feed 15. playing 19. playing 4. asking 8. getting 12. opening 16. topickup 20. to tell 5. to help 9. toannoy 13. to lend 17. doing 30. 2. exciting 4. worried 6. shocked 8. surprised 10. fascinated 3. exhausted 5. annoying 7. entertaining 9. interesting 31. 2. savingup 6. having 10.nothaving 14. providing —_18. finishing 3. to buy 7. to travel 11.togrowup 15. travelling 19. tomove 4. toappreciate 8. toeducate 12. amusing 16. to say 20. wishing 5. to enjoy 9. helping 13, to send 17. to mixingKey FCE Use of English 1 for the Revised Cambridge Examination took three hours to prepare 17. ... took them ages to reach ... aren't big enough 18. ... was allowed to make were surprised by the results . 19. ... were fascinated by you mind passing me ... 20. .... had difficulty (in)reaching =» Was made to pay ... 21. ... were too young to get... allowed her to stay/let her stay ... 22. .... to speak French rather than ... .. was too short to become ... 23. ... is important to learn ... .. could hardly see 24, ... was made to work... .. took six months to learn... 25. .... getting to work takes me ... go out rather than stay 26. ... too complicated for me to... you keep quiet while ... 27. .... could hardly hear ... had difficulty (in) keeping 28. ... you mind keeping visiting other countries is 29. ... were made to wait. ... to take the train rather ... 30. ... find it difficult to understand ... you mind running through ... 33. 2. that 5. it 8. that 11. about = 14. to. 17. would 20. being 3. so 6. to 9. for 12. to 15. it 18. To 4, that 7. to 10. to 13. to 16. we 19. he Oral Development 2 (Suggested answers) (if Ss have difficutly telling the story, the teacher can ask concept questions to help them.) Concept questions: What did the Smiths enjoy? ‘What did they spend a long time planning? Where did they discuss going and where did they finally decide to go? Why did they decide to go there? Where did they stop and why? Why were they surprised? What did the children want? What happened as they were sitting down for their picnic? How did the children feel? What did Mrs Smith suggest? The Smiths had been looking forward to having a day out for ages. They enjoy going on family outings and had spenta long time planning this trip so that everything would be perfect. They had discussed visiting the zoo but Mrs Smith thought the children would rather spend a day in the fresh air as they were expecting the weather to be fine. In the end they decided to go to Carwen in North Wales as it was easy to get to and wouldn't involve driving too far. When they arrived they stopped to eat near the edge of a forest and were surprised to see a deer lying inthe long grass. The children wanted to go and have a closer look and ran excitedly towards the deer. But the deer was frightened and quickly disappeared into the forest. Just as they were sitting down for their picnic, Mrs Smith saw a snake hanging above them, They were too frightened to stay any longer ‘so they rushed back to the car. Mrs Smith suggested having their picnic down by the river instead Consolidation 2 34. 2. on 4, round/to 6. round 8. onwith 10. out 3. out 5. up 7. off 9. away 35. 2. with 5. at 8. on 11.10 14. with 17.for 20. with 3. offabout 6. of 9. for 12.0n 15. in, with 18. about 4. on 7. of 10, atiby 13.for 16. between 19. toFCE Use of English 1 for the Revised Cambridge Examination Key 36. 2. ...is likely to travel ... 5. ... was too expensive for us .. 3. ... should have come 6. .... is no use crying over .., 4, ... isn't warm enough ... tends to get carried away ... 37. 4A 3D 5A 7.C BA 11.6 138 15.6 28 4B 6B 8D 10A 12A 14D 38. 1. insurance 3. expectancy 5. classification 7. construction 9, tendency 2. electrician 4. faulty 6. dangerous 8. Unfortunately 10. safety 39.1. it 4, much 7. will WV 1B v 2. is 5. most 8. having 11. on 14. about 3. to 6 av 12. at 15. which Practice Test 1 Part 1 14D 3A 5C 7A 9A 114A 13.D 15.4 2A 48 6B 8&C 10.B 12A 14.6 Part 2 16. number 19. On 22. as 25, Other 28. such 17. have 20. kinditype 28. because «26. have_-—29. look/seem/be/appear 18. their 21. with 24, be 27. like 30. any/all/most Part 3 31. ... iteasy to get 32. ... were amused by ... 33. ... takes after his father ... 34, ... must have spoken to Tom .. 35. ... have run out of ... took her hours to plant ... westerns rather than (watch) was made to work ... still hasn't finished cooking ... is supposed to be ... Part 4 41. either 4a. 47. very 50. well 53. the 42a 45. some 48. them =— 51. it 54, will 43. that 46. so 9. 7 52. v 56. to Part 5 56. discoveries 59. calculations 62. exactly 65. satisfactory/satistying 57. various 60. depth 63. consciousness 58. movement 61. successful 64. behaviour 10Key FCE Use of English 1 for the Revised Cambridge Examination 3 Tense Forms 41. 2. have only entered 8. has bought/has been buying 3. have been watching 9. have sent 4. am thinking 10. are spending/have been spending 5. have been staying 11. are enjoying/have been enjoying 6. have been having/are having 42, want 7. have already seen 42, 1. 2) amseaing 6. 1) are you feeling, 2) feels 2. 1) am thinking, 2) think 7. 1)is, 2) is being 3. 1) looks, 2) am looking 8. 1) Have you gol/Do you have , 2) am having 4, 1) are you liking, 2) like 9. 1) are you smelling, 2) smell 5. 1) are you tasting, 2) tastes 43. 2. have been working 3. haven'thad 4. eats 5. need 6. amstaying 44. 2. 've been to 3. have ... been in 4, have gone to 5, has gone to 45. 2. since 4. since 6. for 8. since 10. for 3. for 5. since 7. since 9. for 46. _... share with humans the ability to use language. One particular researcher in America has spent sixteen years exploring the degree to which a parrot understands what he is saying/says. He has found that the bird is able to answer questions about objects and also understands numbers. At the moment the researcher is trying to determine whether the bird actually knows what it Is saying/says or whether it Is simply Imitating/simply imitates a collection of sounds. 47. 2. Have you got 5, am waiting 8. have moved 11. haven't seen 3. have passed 6. amtrying 9. are painting 12. want 4, study 7. amwriting 10. (are) cleaning 48. 1. has already packed, hasn't called, leaves 5. passes, shoots, scores 2. are, argue, is always making 6. have you been doing/have you done, 3. looks, has put on, think, is wearing ‘ve been working, ‘ve already planted, 4. has been, is seeing, specialises am planning /plan 49. 2. had been saving up 8. were looking for/ 13. had been living/had lived 3. had put by had been looking for 14. had made 4. were living 9. was asking 15. liked 5. insisted 10. were 16. managed 6. wanted 11, looked 17. was 7. had been searching 12. saw 50. 2. had been looking 8. wasn't 14. got out 3. arrived 9. were travelling 15. went 4, loaded 10. noticed 16. had loaded 5. set off 11. was making 17. hadn't closed 6. was shining 12. was driving 18. had fallen out 7. was blowing 13. stopped 1FCE Use of English 1 for the Revised Cambridge Examination Key Bt. 52, 55. 56. 57. 59, 12 1. 2. 3. 2. 3. 2) has gone 4. 1) saw, 2) have seen 1) have been living/ have lived, 2) lived 5. 1) has decided, 2) informed 4) have only had, 2) went was going to phone 4. ... |would visit my grandmother ... am not used to lying ... ... and (always drew) was always drawing pictures of her pet rabbit. She had been earning a living as an illustrator for several years before her dream of becoming an author came true. It was the result of a letter she had sent to a sick child describing the adventures of four rabbits. She later published it as "The Tale of Peter Rabbit”. It became an instant success and more tales followed. By the time Beatrix died she had written over twenty-five tales and (had) achieved recognition as one of the greatest children’s writers, BPON OUAHN HENNA o> oN ° started, answered, spoke, noticed, had left Did Tony ring, had been waiting, didn’t phone, sold looked, wanted, wasn't paying, bought, didn’t realise, was, had bought called, didn’t know, was giving, wanted, gave, was, hadn't contacted, asked, replied . was walking, saw, hadn't seen, threw, stared, realised, had mistaken will have used up 7. will exist 12. will see will (be) rely(ing) 8. will have increased 13. willbe will have found 9. will be able to 14, will result will live/will be living 10. will have replaced/will replace . will have discovered 11. will be staying/will stay . will have 6. stay/are staying 10. has 14, will be . arrive 7. will do 14. want 15. is will feel 8. runs 12. will be 16. will have already planned/ are 9. don't get 18. want will already be planning ‘ll 4. is going to 6. 'mgoingto 8. ‘mgoing to 10. I Ml 5. ll 710 9. 'mgoing to 2. willbe 3. will be offering 4. open 5. starts 1. starts 3. will be able to 5. will be offering 7. will have found 2. will open 4. arrive 6. will come across 1. will be 3. won'tneed 5. will have lost 2. will help 4. won't have to 6. will give before 4. ago 6. already 8. already 10. already stil 5. still 7. ago 9. yet 2. had been looking forward 4. suggested 6. have/had never experienced 3. enjoyed 5. had seen 7. witnessed left 2. hasbeenlooking 3. hopes 4. hasneverdone 5. willhave/isgoingtohave 4. have you been 4, moved 7. am enjoying 2. saw 5. have been working 8. was 3. was 6. is it going 1. am having 3. ate you doing 5. don’t have 2, have already arranged 4. is coming/willcome 6. Do you fancyKey FCE Use of English 1 for the Revised Cambridge Examination E 1. was driving 3. managed 5. crashed 7. was travelling 2. ran 4, was following 6. collided F 1. broke into 3. has happened 5. stole 2. had left 4. got in 6. saw G 1. are you doing 3. will you finish 5. starts 2. am going to study/am studying 4, will have finished H 1. Did you see 3. went 5. Are they still making 2. have seen 4. have improved 6. have just released 11. willbe 3. will be relaxing 2. will have forgotten 4. will be looking forward 61. (Suggested answers) 2, .... has passed... 42. ... I'l pay you back ... 3... she is busy ../... she is cooking 43. ... have been talking 4, ... haven't seen him 14. ... will have arrived 5, ... had already started ... 16. ... will have finished ... 6. ... are getting ... 16. ... you start answering the questions 7. ... was sleeping 17. ... will be visiting ... 8. ... will have been 18. ... had been working ... 9. ... had been living 49. ... 'm going out with Jim .. 10. ... got in her car... 20. ... he had .. 11. ... he stole... 62. 2. ... is it since she moved ... 42, ... never seen such a small... 3. ... he has ever seen 13. went to bed when ... 4... hasn't visited her for ... 14, ... since | (last) called ... 5. .... last quests had arrived before ... 45. ... still hasn't sold the 6. ... have been learning computing for... 16. ... never eaten such a delicious ... 7. ... have never driven such a ... 17. first time | have read 8. ... till have not come ... 18. .... waited until he arrived before ... 9. ... did he break 19. ... ime | went swimming was 10. ... has never seen a skyscraper ... 20. ... started learning Russian six months ... 11. ... has been writing a novel Oral Development 3 (Suggested answer) ‘Ss work in pairs. If they have difficulty, help them by asking concept questions. eg. What is he/she doing? How long has he/she been doing this job? Why did he/she decide to take it up? What was he/she doing five years ago? What kind of life does he/she lead now? What will he/she be doing in ten years’ time? Does he/she enjoy this job? This can also be played as a competition game. Jack has been doing this sport for ten years. He became interested in skiing as a child. He began training at the age of eleven and has been getting better at it ever since. He began entering com- petitions five years ago and has won many medals. He has a difficult but rewarding life. He trains very hard and his ambition is to enter the Olympic Games. He would like to win a medal for his country. Of course he loves his sport and despite the tiring and competitive life he leads, he will not stop until he has fulfilled his ambition. 13FCE Use of English 1 for the Revised Cambridge Examination Key Alice is having her photograph taken for a magazine. She will be on the front cover of a famous magazine next week. She has been modelling for five years, She never thought she would make a successful career of modelling but she enjoys the fame, recognition and high income she receives. In ten years she doesn’t expect to be doing the same job because the career of a model usually finishes at the age of thirty or before. At the moment she enjoys meeting famous people and going to parties - she has decided to enjoy all the advantages of this profession while she can. The only disadvantage is that her future Is insecure but if she saves her money now, she won’t have too many worries. Consolidation 3 63. 2. across 5. up 8. out 11, off 14, down 3. round 6. down with 9. off 12. across 15. into 4, out 7. into 10. out for 13. down on 64. 2. ...is said to have been ... 8. ... is. a possibility of snow 3. ... didn’t need to get ... 9. ... am/was not to blame for ... 4, ... must have already left ... 10. ... haven't seen him since . 5. ... is it since you got ... 11. ... too difficult for me to ... 6. ... retired that he took up ... 12. ... in the mood to go/for going 7. ... gives people advice on ... 65. 2. of 7. with/by 12. with,for 17, to 22. in 27. in 3. in 8. of 13. to, for 18. of 23. in 28. at 4. into 9. with 14. from 19, for 24. about 5. of 10. on 15. about 20. onjin 25. of 6. about 11. for 16. aboutlof 21. at 26. to 66. 1. in 4. most 7. at 10. addition 13. to 2. its 5. like 8. result 11. iffwhen/provided 44. by 3. reachiisit 6. which 9. itself 12. among/with/for 15. the 67. 2. do made 8. makes 11. made —14. have done 3. make made 9. do 12, make —15. made 4. make do 10, make 13. did 68. 1. exciting 4. envious 7. choice 10. safety 2. imagination 5. reality 8. economical 3. powerful 6. financial 8. comfortable 69. 1. it . on 7. of 10. too 13. an 2. most that 8 Ww av 3. whole .and 12. if 15. main 14Key FCE Use of English 1 for the Revised Cambridge Examination 4 Clauses/ Linking Words 71. 72, 73. 74, 2. why 4. when 6. whose 8. whose ~—10. whose 3. which 5. who 7. who 9. which 2. The place to which you went is my home town./The place you went to is my home town. 3. That's the girl to whom he gave the present./That's the girl who he gave the present to. 4, He's the one person who/that she can depend on./He's the one person she can depend on. 5. This is the park in which the village fair is held./This is the park the village fair is held in. 2. Her school, which is very old, is closing down. ND not omitted 3. Have you seen the pencil that/which | bought yesterday? D omitted 4, Anne, whose contract expires next week, is looking for another job. ND not omitted 5. This house, which he inherited from his parents, is worth a fortune. ND not omitted 6. The company which/that | set up last year is expanding. D omitted 7. She is the singer whose latest record reached the top of the charts. D not omitted 8. I've never met anyone before who/that was quite so rude. D not omitted 9. The jumper, which my grandmother knitted for me, is too small. ND not omitted 10. The necklace which/that | bought in Egypt is very old. D omitted 11. They are the friends who/that invited us to their daughter's wedding. not omitted 12. The documentary which/that | saw last night was very informative. D omitted 13. Elephants which/that are hunted for ivory are becoming extinct. D not omitted or Elephants, which are hunted for ivory, are becoming extinct. ND not omitted 14. The girl who/that speaks four languages is in my class. D not omitted 15. This is the hospital which/that was built in 1920. D not omitted 16. The police are looking for a man whose car was found abandoned in Newcastle last night. D not omitted 17. That man, whose name is Bil, stole my purse. ND not omitted 48. She is a person who/that | shall always be grateful to. D omitted 19. He's the man who/that she is going to marry. D omitted 20. This book, which is about Vietnam, is fascinating. ND not omitted 21. | know few people who/that are as considerate as she is. D not omitted 22, His group, which is touring Europe, is called "Blunt" ND not omitted 23. The woman whose dog was stolen is offering a reward. D not omitted 24. | met a really interesting man, whose name | have since forgotten. ND not omitted 25. She's the girl who/that I'm sharing my flat with, D omitted 28. My team, which won the cup, are going to tour America. ND not omitted 27. "Macbeth" is a play which/that was written by Shakespeare. D not omitted 2. This is the car which he drives to work in every day. 3. That's the actor who was in the film you mentioned. 4, She bought a brooch which once belonged to a duchess. 5. That's the house which was damaged in the earthquake. 6. They met a man whose fortune is believed to be around £3,000,000. 7. That's the mansion where the Queen's youngest son lives. 8. They called a woman who was a psychic. 9. We went back to the cafe where I'd left my purse. 10. That's the painting which is a Picasso masterpiece. . the hotel where we are ... some of which were ... . is the month in which . half of whom ... . none of which .. some of whom were ... . the woman who complained ... none of whom knew ... tented a car which was ... . the author whose book became ... oaaen 15FCE Use of English 1 for the Revised Cambridge Examination Key 75, 76. 7. 80, 2. haveshown «6, by 10. is 14, are developed/ 3. since 7. until 11. When have been developed 4. As soon as 8. are introduced 12. met 5, became 9. before 13. Once 2. When, will finish/ 5. If, applies 8. When will you stop will have finished 6. If, arive 9. iffwhen, hear 3. Hf, are 7. when, will retur/is returning/ 10. If, have 4, When, are returned/if, has returned (Suggested answers) 2. ... just as | was leaving the house. 5. After he had been walking for a while .. 8. ... while she was clearing out the attic. 6. As soon as I finish ... 4, By the time the ambulance arrived .. 2. such 4, sucha 6. sucha 8 so 10. so 3. so 5. so 7. so 9. sucha 2. Because he'd forgotten to bring the report with him, he had to go home and get it/He had to go home and get the report because he'd forgotten to bring it with him. . Since the food was bad, we complained to the manager. Due to the fact that it was a long journey, they packed some food to take with them. . The reason why | hate sailing is because I get seasick. Their house is too small and consequently, they are going to look for a larger one. Since Sharon is busy this weekend, she can't come to the seaside with us. twas such a difficult exam that many students failed They fell behind with the project, and as a result they had to work overtime./As a result of falling behind with the project, they had to work overtime. They spent the night in a hotel as their flight was delayed./As their flight was delayed, they spent the night in a hotel. OMNDARE 1 5 and asa result ... you know why she left ... was such strong coffee so skilful a player that ... due to his lack of ... so boring a film that ... the reason for their... and consequently we were . too insistent for us to ... as there was a #Se9mN poe en Oral Development 4 (Suggested answer) 81. 16 While she was at university she worked extremely hard and passed all her exams, which meant that she got a Management degree. As a result she was offered a job in a large multinational company as soon as she graduated. She was so ambitious that she was promoted within a year, yet due to her hard work and dedication she is well-respected by her colleagues. . too late for me to ... 14. ... five students, one of whom ... . and as a result... 2. .. the college where my son 9, ... as soon as he came .. 3. .... several dictionaries none of which .. 10. ... such polite children that 4, ... whose husband is an Oscar ... 11. ... the moment (that) he got 5. ... why he resigned/is resigning/has resigned is ... 12. ... haven't seen Peter since 6. .... so appalling an event that .. 13. ... who drive carelessly 7. 8key FCE Use of English 1 for the Revised Cambridge Examination 82. (Suggested answers) 2. She didn't answer the phone so that she wouldn't have to talk to anyone. She didn’t answer the phone to avoid having to talk to anyone. She didn’t answer the phone in order not to have to talk to anyone. She didn’t answer the phone so as not to have to talk to anyone. She didn't answer the phone lest she should have to talk to anyone. ete 3, They bought a bigger house in order to have more room. They bought a bigger house so as to have more room. They bought a bigger house so that they would have more room. They bought a bigger house to have more room. etc 4, He always kept a spare tyre in the boot in case he had a puncture. He always kept a spare tyre in the boot for fear he might have a puncture. _—_ ete 5. The hospital staff went on strike in order to protest about working conditions. The hospital staff went on strike so as to protest about working conditions. The hospital staff went on strike with a view to protesting about working conditions. The hospital staff went on strike to protest about working conditions. ete 6. Pauline didn’t go to the party so as not to bump into lan. Pauline didn't go to the party so that she wouldn't bump into lan Pauline didn’t go to the party to avoid bumping into lan. etc 83. __1) lamwriting to invite you to attend an interview on 27th May at Edge Hill College. 2) We will be holding interviews with a view to appointing a Senior Lecturer in the English Department. 3) If you are unable to attend, please phone the college as soon as possible so that we can arrange an alternative date. 4) You are requested to read the enclosed information to avoid wasting time on the day of the interview. 5) The day will last from 9 am to 3.30 pm to give interviewees time to familiarise themselves with the college. 6) When you arrive at the college, please report to reception so that you can be shown to the staff common room. 14, ... so that he will remember/he remembers ... 15. ... $0 as to stand out 84. 2. .... so that she wouldn't... 9. ... in case we want to ... 3. ... 80. as to be/as he wanted to be... 10. ... to avoid getting stuck ... 4... with a view to continuing .. 11. ... to prevent ourselves from getting ... 5. .... for fear that she might 42. ... in case he wants .. 6. ... with the aim of buying ... 13. ... in order to learn ... 7. 8. Oral Development 5 (Suggested answer) Peter will need a thick jacket and warm clothes so that he won't get cold. He should take a sleeping bag to keep him warm at night. He will need a rope to help him climb up the mountains. He will also need climbing boots and thick socks for walking. He should take a waterproof to avoid getting wet. 85. 2. In spite of the fact that 5. In spite of 8. however 3. although 6. though 9. but 4. yet 7. Although 10. No matter what 86. (Suggested answers) 2, Despite/In spite of disliking the book she read all of it. Although/Even though she disliked the book, she read all of it. etc 3, Despite/In spite of having a good income, he only rents a small fat. Although/Even though he has a good income, he only rents a small flat. etc 4, Despite/in spite of having lessons for years, she doesn't speak French very well. Aithough/Even though she's been having lessons for years, she doesn't speak French very well. etc 7FCE Use of English 1 for the Revised Cambridge Examination Key 87. 5. Although/Even though she went shopping yesterday, the cupboards are already bare./ Despite the fact that she went shopping yesterday, the cupboards are already bare. etc 6. Despite/in spite of setting his alarm for 6 am, he was still late for work. Although/Even though he set his alarm for 6 am, he was still late for work. etc 7. Although/Even though they took their costumes with them, they didn't go swimming. Despite the fact that they took their costumes with them, they didn't go swimming. etc 2. whatever 3. Nevertheless 4. Inspiteof 5. whereas. 6. No matter how 2. ... matter how much you spite of working as . 3. .... spite of being no matter how hard . 4, .... the fact that she exercises .. he has a good voice ... 5. though he left home .. did her best, yet she &. ... though the plot was Oral Development 6 (Suggested answers) 91. 18 Mary Despite the fact that her children have now grown up, she has decided not to go back to work. Mary enjoys gardening. However the garden is too big for her to look after on her own. ‘She would like to become more involved in community life. She doesn't have much free time, though. She loves shopping but itis miles to the nearest town. Jane In spite of the fact that Jane's a managing director, she doesn't find the work very stressful. Even though she lives alone, she doesn’t feel lonely. She loves cooking, yet she doesn't have much time to spend in the kitchen. She quite enjoys entertaining clients in the evenings. Nevertheless, she prefers spending time on her own. She lives near her parents. However,she doesn't get to see them that often. 2. were/was 6. were/was 10, were/was 14. had just woken up 3. hadneverseen 7. were/was 11. have had 15. has 4, hasnevereaten 8. had been 12. broke in 5. didn't have 9. hadn'teaten 13. will win/is going to win 2. ...as though someone had added ... 5. ... (in) the way he had 8. ... as if he has put ... 6. ... aS though he were ... 4. ... as if she had been ... 7. ...a8 if she needed ... Isn't this beach crowded! / How crawded this beach is! / What a crowded beach! What an expensive car he has! / How expensive his car ist / Isn't his car expensive! / His car is so expensive! 4, Aren't they polite! / They are so polite! / What polite people they are! 5. Isn't he spoilt! / He is so spoilt! / How spoilt he is! / He is such a spoilt boy! 6. What a beautiful view! / This view is so beautiful! / How beautiful this view ist 7. What a difficult exam! / How difficult the exam was! / Wasn't the exam difficult! 8. 9. 0. en What a hot summer it's been! / How hot the/this summer has been! . How angry they look! / They look so angry! . How helpful that assistant is! / Isn't the/that assistant helpful! / That assistant is so helpful! / ‘She/He is such a helpful assistant! 11. How conscientious she is! / She's such a conscientious person! / Isn’t she conscientious! etc 12. The weather is so nice! / What nice weather! / Isn'tit nice weather! etc 13. What a talented person you are! / You are so talented! / Aren't you talented! etcKey = FCE Use of English 1 for the Revised Cambridge Examination 92, 2. How 6. How 10. so 14. such an 18. What 22. Whata 3. sucha 7. $0 11, Whata 15. so 19. such an 4. What 8. What a 12, What 16. Whata 20. What an 5. such 9. sucha 13, How 17, How 21. so 93, 2. such 3. how 4. sucha 5. What a 6. so 94, Positive Addition She's young. She's successful too. She's young. She's also successful. In addition to being young she's also successful. She's young. Furthermore/Further/Moreover/Besides, she's successful. She's young, not to mention the fact that she’s successful Negative Addition Jane has no desire to meet him again. Neither/Nor does Paula. Jane doesn't have any desire to meet him again and Paula doesn't either. Contrast She can speak Russian fluently, yet/but/although/even if/even though she is unable to read and write it. Whereas/While she can speak Russian fluently, she is unable to read or write it. Despite being able to speak Russian fluently, she is unable to read or write it. She can speak Russian fluently. On the other hand/In contrast/At the same time she is unable to read or write it. Similarity When you move house,you must notify the post office of your change of address. Likewlse/In the same way/Equally, you must register with the local county council. Concession She applied for the job but she wasn't suitably qualified She wasn't suitably qualified; even so/however/still/yet she applied for the job. Although she wasn’t suitably qualified, she applied for the job. Despite/in spite of/Regardless of the fact that she wasn’t suitably qualified, she applied for the job. She wasn't suitably qualified. Nonetheless/Nevertheless she applied for the job. Considering she wasn't suitably qualified, she was lucky to be offered the job. She wasn't offered the job. Admittedly she wasn't suitably qualified While/Whereas the other candidates were slightly better qualified, Susan had the most relevant experience. The other candidates were slightly better qualified. On the other hand,Susan had the most relevant experience. Alternative Either they could take a holiday now or they could wait until the summer. Emphasis | find him pushy and demanding; besides, he is self-centred. Lind him pushy and demanding. He is self-centred as well. Not only is he pushy and demanding but he is also self-centred. He is pushy and demanding. In fact/As a matter of fact/To tell you the truth/Actually/ Indeed,he is the most self-centred person | know. | have hardly ever spoken to him before, let alone gone out with him. 19FOE Use of English 1 for the Revised Cambridge Examination Key 20 Exemplification \ enjoyed all the books you lent me but | particularly/especially liked "Wild Swans’. Some of E.M. Forster's books, such as/like "Howard's End", have been turned into films. You have several options available. For example/For instance, you can advertise in the local newspaper or on the local radio. ‘She seems to think iife is exciting and glamorous, as in the movies. Clarification He needs to concentrate more on his schoolwork. That is to say/In other words/To put it another way/I mean he has to pay more attention in the classroom. Cause/Reason The company has decided to take on more staff as/because/since/on the grounds that/seeing that/for sales are increasing Sales are increasing so the company has decided to take on more staff. The company has decided to take on more staff due to/in view of/owing to the fact that sales are increasing Manner The manager explained the way/the way in which the company could increase productivity. He looks as if/as though he's just won the pools, You should try to live your life the same way as your sister. He wanted to go to Oxford University as his father had done. Condition Please notify us if/only if you are unable to attend the meeting In the event of/In case of you being unable to attend the meeting, please notify us. Assuming (that)/On condition (that) /Provided/Providing/As long as/Granted/Granting we can afford the airfare, we will spend Christmas in Australia with our relatives. Unless there’s a change of plan, I'll meet you outside the station as we arranged. Wait for me outside the station, otherwise you'll never find the theatre on your own. 1'm still going to York tomorrow whether you come with me or not. Consequence of a condition I may take a long lunch break tomorrow. Consequently/In that case/Therefore/Thus | can go to the hairdresser's then I may take a long lunch break tomorrow so | can go to the hairdresser's then Finish your homework, then you can go out to play. Finish your homework, otherwise you can’t go out to play. Finish your homework. If you don't, you can’t go out to play. I may be promoted this year. Under those circumstances | will consider moving house. Purpose | took plenty of books with me so that/in order that | wouldn't get bored during the flight. | took plenty of books with me lest | should get bored during the flight. | took plenty of books with me for fear that | would get bored during the flight. | took plenty of books with me in order not to/so as not to get bored during the flight. Effect/Result The room at the Ritz was double-booked and consequently/for this reason/thus/therefore we were moved to another hotel. The hotel was so understaffed that we had to wait ages to get any service. Comparison She is not as talkative as her sister. She is less talkative than her sister. The more money she gets the greedier she becomes.