03 - Hazards Identification, Risk Assessment and Control
03 - Hazards Identification, Risk Assessment and Control
IDENTIFICATION, RISK
ASSESSMENT AND CONTROL
(HIRAC)
BY: ENGR VINCENT A. BUENSUCESO
OBJECTIVES:
• Perform hazards/risks assessment, evaluation and recommend measures of
control
SCOPE:
• Hazard Identification, Risks and Controls:
• Key steps in recognizing and identifying hazards
• Safety Hazards
• Health Hazards
• Risk Assessment and Prioritization
• Application of Controls (Elimination, Substitution, Engineering, Administrative
and PPE)
• Workshop on accomplishing Risk Assessment Form/Matrix
Hazard Identification
IDENTIFY WHO MIGHT GET HARMED AND HOW
• Employees
• Cleaners
• Contractors
• Inexperienced staff
• Lone workers
• Visitors
• Operator
• Mechanics….
HAZARD TYPES AND
SOURCES
AN OVERVIEW
TYPES OF HAZARDS (BE SPECIFIC)
In the work place, hazards are broadly categorized as:
Chemical Biological
ERGONOMIC HAZARDS
Definition: Hazards that occur when work, body position or working conditions put strain on one’s body
Posture
Workstation
Work Environment
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HOW SOMETIMES WE FIT BODY TO JOBS
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PHYSICAL HAZARDS
Definition: Hazards caused by transfer of energy between an object and a worker
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CHEMICAL HAZARDS
Definition: Hazards caused by contact with chemicals
Chemicals may be
Corrosive
Poisonous
Explosive
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BIOLOGICAL HAZARDS
Definition: Hazards caused by contact with living organisms or their by-products
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PSYCHOSOCIAL HAZARDS
Definitions: Hazards associated with the mental stresses of work
Workload
Workplace Violence
Harassment
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SOURCES OF HAZARDS
Hazards are attributed to four common sources:
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SOURCES OF HAZARDS
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PRESENCE OF HAZARDS
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HAZARD IDENTIFICATION – CONSIDER THE PAST, PRESENT AND FUTURE
• Being team-based
• Being proactive when searching for hazards
• Assessing all hazards
• Also assessing current control system
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LIST OF HAZARDS
1. Fall from a height 29. Oxygen deficiency/toxic gases
2. Fall into a hole 30. Spillage
3. Fall on same level (tripping, slipping) 31. Asphyxiation
4. Falling of materials/objects 32. Explosion
5. Overturning of machine/object 33. Restricted access/egress
6. Moving/rotating parts of equipment 34. Pathological Bacteria (incl. Legionella)
7. Sharp edges, corners, points 35. Biological fluids
8. Releases of sparks, chips, dust 36. Animals – bites, kicks, stings
9. Stability of workstation 37. Pressurized plant
10. Impact with stationary object 38. Compressed air/gas/liquids
11. Lifting, carrying, lowering, pulling, pushing, supporting 39. Vacuum plant
12. Load/task/environment individual 40. Microwaves/radio frequency
13. Repetitive movement/posture 41. UV/IR
14. Ways of working 42. Laser
15. Flammable/combustible material 43. X-rays/Ionizing radiation
16. Gases and vapors 44. Welding arc
17. Chemical reactions 45. Vehicle movements
18. Smoking area 46. Mobile plant (overhead cranes, MEWPs)
19. Dust explosion 47. Hot surfaces/flames
20. Static electricity 48. Hot liquids
21. High voltages 49. Deep liquids/vessels/sumps
22. Defective plugs or wires 50. Heat or cold
23. Exposed conductors 51. Extreme weather (wind, fog, rain, etc.
24. Overloaded sockets 52. Noise
25. Incorrectly rated equipment (e.g. not waterproof) 53. Vibration 19
26. Skin contact 54. Lighting levels/glare/contrast
27. Inhalation 55. Lone Working
28. Ingestion 56. Other
WHAT IS RISK?
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SPOT THE DIFFERENCE
Risk is the chance that somebody could be harmed, together with an indication of how
serious the harm could be.
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Risk is the chance that somebody could be harmed, together with an
indication of how serious the harm could be.
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List of Risks
1. Abrasion / Scratch 1. Removal of organ
2. Amputation, cut, laceration, puncture 2. Animal bites
3. Burn/s 3. Dermatitis
4. Concussion 4. Infectious Disease ___________
5. Infection 5. Absorption, inhalation
6. Rupture 6. Angina pectoris/chest pain
7. Internal hemorrhage 7. Poisoning
8. Vascular 8. Hearing loss or impairment
9. Carpal Tunnel Syndrome 9. Vision loss
10.Contusion, Crushing , Bruise 10.Asphyxiation
11.Conjunctivitis, flash , foreign body 11.Heart Attack
12.Sprain, strain, dislocation, fracture 12.Dust disease (pneumoconiosis)
13.Electric Shock , Electrocution 13.Mental stress
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14.Inflammation
WHAT IS RISK ASSESSMENT?
Process of evaluating a risk arising from a hazard, taking into account the adequacy of
controls, and deciding whether or not the risk is acceptable or not.
Protection
The last line of defense
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DEFINITIONS OF CONTROL MEASURES
Personal Protective Hazard controlled by the use of personal Respirators, hearing protection,
Equipment (PPE) protective equipment protection from impact
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EFFECTIVENESS OF CONTROL MEASURES
1.Elimination – risk did not exist
anymore
2.Substitution – mostly the
substitute is still risky but less
3.Engineering – Risk is still there but
just isolated or transferred
4.Administration – Risk is still there
but less exposure due to rotation
or equipped with information
5.PPE – Risk level still the same but
the severity of injury is less
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Consequence of the event to Happen: Level of Severity
WHAT IS LIKELIHOOD?
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LIKELIHOOD OF THE EVENT TO HAPPEN
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RISK/ DECISION MAKING MATRIX
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RISK SCORE (RS)
1-3 Negligible Slight, no potential risk of injuries, no significant effect on health and safety.
4-6 Minor Minor injuries or equipment damage, minimal effect on health and safety.
Significant injuries or multiple minor injuries, equipment damage and effect
8-9 Significant
on health and safety.
Severe / multiple injuries, equipment damage or major environmental effect
10-20 Serious
that can be controlled..
Death and/or serious structural damage or major environmental effect that
21-25 Extreme
cannot be controlled.
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WHAT IS RISKS ASSESSMENT?
1identify
2
decide who
3
evaluate the
4
record
5
Communicate
hazard might be risks and findings risk and
harmed and decide recommend
how whether actions
existing
controls are
adequate
WORKSHOP
EXERCISE 1 (20MINS)
In your group, review the process in your respective areas, discuss and record the
following:
1. Identify all the hazards for every activity
2. Identify all the risks based from the hazards and present condition of the area
3. Identify control measures
4. The likelihood of harm
5. The severity of harm
6. Record your findings
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10 MINS EACH
GROUP PRESENTATION