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Os Week 9

The document shows the output of various Linux commands run on a system. It displays network configuration details, process information, and the help text or output for commands like ifconfig, iwconfig, arp, ssh, curl, wget, netstat, tcpdump, rsync.

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82 views6 pages

Os Week 9

The document shows the output of various Linux commands run on a system. It displays network configuration details, process information, and the help text or output for commands like ifconfig, iwconfig, arp, ssh, curl, wget, netstat, tcpdump, rsync.

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Movie explained in Kannada
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© © All Rights Reserved
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rgmp@rgmp-VirtualBox:~$ ifconfig

enp0s3: flags=4163<UP,BROADCAST,RUNNING,MULTICAST> mtu 1500


inet 192.168.1.8 netmask 255.255.255.0 broadcast 192.168.1.255
inet6 fd01::3ddc:1f21:6dd9:cba5 prefixlen 64 scopeid 0x0<global>
inet6 fd01::5876:d488:c59:21eb prefixlen 64 scopeid 0x0<global>
inet6 fe80::f357:a73b:1db1:6cb5 prefixlen 64 scopeid 0x20<link>
ether 08:00:27:29:02:ed txqueuelen 1000 (Ethernet)
RX packets 81182 bytes 61654218 (61.6 MB)
RX errors 0 dropped 7 overruns 0 frame 0
TX packets 33386 bytes 4052527 (4.0 MB)
TX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 carrier 0 collisions 0

lo: flags=73<UP,LOOPBACK,RUNNING> mtu 65536


inet 127.0.0.1 netmask 255.0.0.0
inet6 ::1 prefixlen 128 scopeid 0x10<host>
loop txqueuelen 1000 (Local Loopback)
RX packets 17065 bytes 1357581 (1.3 MB)
RX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 frame 0
TX packets 17065 bytes 1357581 (1.3 MB)
TX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 carrier 0 collisions 0

rgmp@rgmp-VirtualBox:~$ ifconfig -v
enp0s3: flags=4163<UP,BROADCAST,RUNNING,MULTICAST> mtu 1500
inet 192.168.1.8 netmask 255.255.255.0 broadcast 192.168.1.255
inet6 fd01::3ddc:1f21:6dd9:cba5 prefixlen 64 scopeid 0x0<global>
inet6 fd01::5876:d488:c59:21eb prefixlen 64 scopeid 0x0<global>
inet6 fe80::f357:a73b:1db1:6cb5 prefixlen 64 scopeid 0x20<link>
ether 08:00:27:29:02:ed txqueuelen 1000 (Ethernet)
RX packets 81213 bytes 61658321 (61.6 MB)
RX errors 0 dropped 7 overruns 0 frame 0
TX packets 33388 bytes 4052827 (4.0 MB)
TX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 carrier 0 collisions 0

lo: flags=73<UP,LOOPBACK,RUNNING> mtu 65536


inet 127.0.0.1 netmask 255.0.0.0
inet6 ::1 prefixlen 128 scopeid 0x10<host>
loop txqueuelen 1000 (Local Loopback)
RX packets 17065 bytes 1357581 (1.3 MB)
RX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 frame 0
TX packets 17065 bytes 1357581 (1.3 MB)
TX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 carrier 0 collisions 0

rgmp@rgmp-VirtualBox:~$ iwconfig
lo no wireless extensions.

enp0s3 no wireless extensions.

rgmp@rgmp-VirtualBox:~$ ethtool
ethtool: bad command line argument(s)
For more information run ethtool -h
rgmp@rgmp-VirtualBox:~$ ethtool -h
ethtool version 5.16
Usage:
ethtool [ FLAGS ] DEVNAME Display standard information about device
ethtool [ FLAGS ] -s|--change DEVNAME Change generic options
[ speed %d ]
[ lanes %d ]
[ duplex half|full ]
[ port tp|aui|bnc|mii|fibre|da ]
[ mdix auto|on|off ]
[ autoneg on|off ]
[ advertise %x[/%x] | mode on|off ... [--] ]
[ phyad %d ]
[ xcvr internal|external ]
[ wol %d[/%d] | p|u|m|b|a|g|s|f|d... ]
[ sopass %x:%x:%x:%x:%x:%x ]
[ msglvl %d[/%d] | type on|off ... [--] ]
[ master-slave preferred-master|preferred-slave|forced-

rgmp@rgmp-VirtualBox:~$ arp
Address HWtype HWaddress Flags Mask Iface
Dlink-Router.Dlink ether a0:ab:1b:e7:c5:7f C enp0s3
RGMP-OFFICE-PC.Dlink ether 1c:1b:0d:26:ab:15 C enp0s3

rgmp@rgmp-VirtualBox:~$ bmon

[1]+ Stopped bmon

rgmp@rgmp-VirtualBox:~$ ssh
usage: ssh [-46AaCfGgKkMNnqsTtVvXxYy] [-B bind_interface]
[-b bind_address] [-c cipher_spec] [-D [bind_address:]port]
[-E log_file] [-e escape_char] [-F configfile] [-I pkcs11]
[-i identity_file] [-J [user@]host[:port]] [-L address]
[-l login_name] [-m mac_spec] [-O ctl_cmd] [-o option] [-p port]
[-Q query_option] [-R address] [-S ctl_path] [-W host:port]
[-w local_tun[:remote_tun]] destination [command [argument ...]]

root@rgmp-VirtualBox:~# curl https://google.com


<HTML><HEAD><meta http-equiv="content-type" content="text/html;charset=utf-8">
<TITLE>301 Moved</TITLE></HEAD><BODY>
<H1>301 Moved</H1>
The document has moved
<A HREF="https://www.google.com/">here</A>.
</BODY></HTML>

root@rgmp-VirtualBox:~# wget google.com


--2023-05-26 13:46:26-- http://google.com/
Resolving google.com (google.com)... 142.250.196.14, 2404:6800:4007:829::200e
Connecting to google.com (google.com)|142.250.196.14|:80... connected.
HTTP request sent, awaiting response... 301 Moved Permanently
Location: http://www.google.com/ [following]
--2023-05-26 13:46:27-- http://www.google.com/
Resolving www.google.com (www.google.com)... 142.250.182.68, 2404:6800:4007:81b::2004
Connecting to www.google.com (www.google.com)|142.250.182.68|:80... connected.
HTTP request sent, awaiting response... 200 OK
Length: unspecified [text/html]
Saving to: ‘index.html’

index.html [ <=> ] 19.09K --.-KB/s in 0s


2023-05-26 13:46:28 (194 MB/s) - ‘index.html’ saved [19544]

root@rgmp-VirtualBox:~# sftp
usage: sftp [-46AaCfNpqrv] [-B buffer_size] [-b batchfile] [-c cipher]
[-D sftp_server_path] [-F ssh_config] [-i identity_file]
[-J destination] [-l limit] [-o ssh_option] [-P port]
[-R num_requests] [-S program] [-s subsystem | sftp_server]
destination

root@rgmp-VirtualBox:~# rcp
usage: scp [-346ABCOpqRrsTv] [-c cipher] [-D sftp_server_path] [-F ssh_config]
[-i identity_file] [-J destination] [-l limit]
[-o ssh_option] [-P port] [-S program] source ... target

root@rgmp-VirtualBox:~# netstat
Active Internet connections (w/o servers)
Proto Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address Foreign Address State
tcp 0 0 rgmp-VirtualBox:43494 maa05s20-in-f4.1e1:http TIME_WAIT
tcp 0 1 rgmp-VirtualBox:56650 0.15.65.208:http SYN_SENT
tcp 0 0 rgmp-VirtualBox:37092 maa03s44-in-f14.1e:http TIME_WAIT
udp 0 0 rgmp-VirtualBox:bootpc Dlink-Router.Dli:bootps ESTABLISHED
Active UNIX domain sockets (w/o servers)
Proto RefCnt Flags Type State I-Node Path
unix 2 [] DGRAM 22656 /run/user/1000/systemd/notify
unix 3 [] DGRAM CONNECTED 16032 /run/systemd/notify
unix 2 [] DGRAM 16048 /run/systemd/journal/syslog
unix 19 [ ] DGRAM CONNECTED 16057 /run/systemd/journal/dev-log
unix 9 [] DGRAM CONNECTED 16059 /run/systemd/journal/socket
unix 3 [] STREAM CONNECTED 23086
unix 3 [] STREAM CONNECTED 28760 /run/user/1000/bus

root@rgmp-VirtualBox:~# tcpdump
tcpdump: verbose output suppressed, use -v[v]... for full protocol decode
listening on enp0s3, link-type EN10MB (Ethernet), snapshot length 262144 bytes
13:47:24.224198 IP DESKTOP-8SKS864.Dlink.59962 > 239.255.255.250.1900: UDP, length 175
13:47:24.284291 IP rgmp-VirtualBox.54087 > Dlink-Router.Dlink.domain: 19492+ PTR? 250.255.255.239.
in-addr.arpa. (46)
13:47:24.313139 IP Dlink-Router.Dlink.domain > rgmp-VirtualBox.54087: 19492 NXDomain 0/1/0 (103)
13:47:24.313773 IP rgmp-VirtualBox.47570 > Dlink-Router.Dlink.domain: 3248+ PTR? 12.1.168.192.in-ad
dr.arpa. (43)
13:47:24.315210 IP Dlink-Router.Dlink.domain > rgmp-VirtualBox.47570: 3248* 1/0/0 PTR DESKTOP-8S
KS864.Dlink. (78)
13:47:24.343961 IP6 fe80::b45e:d279:87a0:5c16 > ff02::16: HBH ICMP6, multicast listener report v2, 4 gr
oup record(s), length 88
13:47:24.386356 IP rgmp-VirtualBox.47853 > Dlink-Router.Dlink.domain: 58554+ PTR? 1.1.168.192.in-ad
dr.arpa. (42)
13:47:24.387751 IP Dlink-Router.Dlink.domain > rgmp-VirtualBox.47853: 58554* 1/0/0 PTR Dlink-Router.
Dlink. (74)
13:47:24.388072 IP rgmp-VirtualBox.35795 > Dlink-Router.Dlink.domain: 27567+ PTR? 8.1.168.192.in-ad
dr.arpa. (42)
13:47:24.390915 IP Dlink-Router.Dlink.domain > rgmp-VirtualBox.35795: 27567 NXDomain 0/1/0 (119)
13:47:24.413159 IP rgmp-VirtualBox.52593 > Dlink-Router.Dlink.domain: 12334+ PTR? 6.1.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.
0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.2.0.f.f.ip6.arpa. (90)
13:47:24.416150 IP Dlink-Router.Dlink.domain > rgmp-VirtualBox.52593: 12334 NXDomain 0/1/0 (154)
13:47:24.704754 IP Dlink-Router.Dlink.7890 > 192.168.1.255.7890: UDP, length 104

root@rgmp-VirtualBox:~# rsync
rsync version 3.2.7 protocol version 31
Copyright (C) 1996-2022 by Andrew Tridgell, Wayne Davison, and others.
Web site: https://rsync.samba.org/
Capabilities:
64-bit files, 64-bit inums, 64-bit timestamps, 64-bit long ints,
socketpairs, symlinks, symtimes, hardlinks, hardlink-specials,
hardlink-symlinks, IPv6, atimes, batchfiles, inplace, append, ACLs,
xattrs, optional secluded-args, iconv, prealloc, stop-at, no crtimes
Optimizations:
SIMD-roll, no asm-roll, openssl-crypto, no asm-MD5
Checksum list:
xxh128 xxh3 xxh64 (xxhash) md5 md4 sha1 none
Compress list:
zstd lz4 zlibx zlib none
Daemon auth list:
sha512 sha256 sha1 md5 md4

rsync comes with ABSOLUTELY NO WARRANTY. This is free software, and you
are welcome to redistribute it under certain conditions. See the GNU
General Public Licence for details.

rsync is a file transfer program capable of efficient remote update


via a fast differencing algorithm.

Usage: rsync [OPTION]... SRC [SRC]... DEST


or rsync [OPTION]... SRC [SRC]... [USER@]HOST:DEST
or rsync [OPTION]... SRC [SRC]... [USER@]HOST::DEST
or rsync [OPTION]... SRC [SRC]... rsync://[USER@]HOST[:PORT]/DEST
or rsync [OPTION]... [USER@]HOST:SRC [DEST]
or rsync [OPTION]... [USER@]HOST::SRC [DEST]
or rsync [OPTION]... rsync://[USER@]HOST[:PORT]/SRC [DEST]
The ’:’ usages connect via remote shell, while ’::’ & ’rsync://’ usages connect
to an rsync daemon, and require SRC or DEST to start with a module name.

Options
--verbose, -v increase verbosity
--info=FLAGS fine-grained informational verbosity
--debug=FLAGS fine-grained debug verbosity
--stderr=e|a|c change stderr output mode (default: errors)
--quiet, -q suppress non-error messages
--no-motd suppress daemon-mode MOTD
--checksum, -c skip based on checksum, not mod-time & size
--archive, -a archive mode is -rlptgoD (no -A,-X,-U,-N,-H)
--no-OPTION turn off an implied OPTION (e.g. --no-D)
--recursive, -r recurse into directories
--relative, -R use relative path names
--no-implied-dirs don’t send implied dirs with --relative
--backup, -b make backups (see --suffix & --backup-dir)
--backup-dir=DIR make backups into hierarchy based in DIR
--suffix=SUFFIX backup suffix (default ~ w/o --backup-dir)
--update, -u skip files that are newer on the receiver
--inplace update destination files in-place
--append append data onto shorter files
--append-verify --append w/old data in file checksum
--dirs, -d transfer directories without recursing
--old-dirs, --old-d works like --dirs when talking to old rsync

root@rgmp-VirtualBox:~# traceroute google.com


traceroute to google.com (142.250.195.206), 30 hops max, 60 byte packets
1 Dlink-Router.Dlink (192.168.1.1) 1.067 ms 0.695 ms 0.810 ms
2 ***
3 ***
4 49.205.72.39.actcorp.in (49.205.72.39) 6.991 ms 6.639 ms 6.286 ms
5 72.14.223.26 (72.14.223.26) 6.749 ms 6.777 ms 6.881 ms
6 ***
7 142.250.236.156 (142.250.236.156) 7.260 ms 142.251.55.66 (142.251.55.66) 21.795 ms 142.250.23
6.156 (142.250.236.156) 7.450 ms
8 142.251.49.219 (142.251.49.219) 7.027 ms 142.251.49.217 (142.251.49.217) 6.679 ms 74.125.242.1
31 (74.125.242.131) 7.460 ms
9 108.170.253.113 (108.170.253.113) 7.341 ms maa03s42-in-f14.1e100.net (142.250.195.206) 7.515
ms 108.170.253.113 (108.170.253.113) 7.858 ms

root@rgmp-VirtualBox:~# iftop
interface: enp0s3
IP address is: 192.168.1.8
IPv6 address is: fd01::aed7:f12:5cf4:c321
MAC address is: 08:00:27:29:02:ed

[5]+ Stopped iftop

root@rgmp-VirtualBox:~# nload

[6]+ Stopped nload


root@rgmp-VirtualBox:~# ss
Netid State Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address:Port Peer Address:Port
Process
u_dgr ESTAB 0 0 /run/systemd/notify 16032 *0

u_dgr ESTAB 0 0 /run/systemd/journal/dev-log 16057 *0

u_dgr ESTAB 0 0 /run/systemd/journal/socket 16059 *0

u_str ESTAB 0 0 * 23086 * 23087

u_str ESTAB 0 0 /run/user/1000/bus 28760 * 28759

u_str ESTAB 0 0 * 25474 * 25475

u_str ESTAB 0 0 /run/user/1000/pipewire-0 25450 * 25449

u_str ESTAB 0 0 * 24646 * 24647

u_str ESTAB 0 0 * 24385


root@rgmp-VirtualBox:~# dstat
You did not select any stats, using -cdngy by default.
--total-cpu-usage-- -dsk/total- -net/total- ---paging-- ---system--
usr sys idl wai stl| read writ| recv send| in out | int csw
6 4 84 6 0| 808k 37k| 0 0 | 0 0 | 342 474
4 3 92 0 0| 0 0 | 277B 0 | 0 0 | 316 224
4 2 93 0 0| 0 0 | 949B 0 | 0 0 | 305 155
13 4 65 17 0| 596k 64k| 647B 0 | 0 0 | 459 797 ^Z
[7]+ Stopped dstat

root@rgmp-VirtualBox:~# w
13:53:22 up 15 min, 2 users, load average: 0.10, 0.20, 0.31
USER TTY FROM LOGIN@ IDLE JCPU PCPU WHAT
rgmp tty2 tty2 13:39 14:59 0.04s 0.04s /usr/libexec/g
rgmp pts/1 - 13:43 1.00s 0.18s 0.11s sudo su

rgmp@rgmp-VirtualBox:~$ ss
Netid State Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address:Port Peer Address:Port
Process
u_dgr ESTAB 0 0 /run/systemd/notify 16032 *0

u_dgr ESTAB 0 0 /run/systemd/journal/dev-log 16057 *0

u_dgr ESTAB 0 0 /run/systemd/journal/socket 16059

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