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Acids & Bases PH Curves Ms

This document contains information about three different chemical equilibria: 1) The titration of a weak acid with a strong base, noting the pH at half equivalence point and calculating the Ka. 2) The titration curve of propanoic acid with potassium hydroxide, including calculating the initial hydrogen ion concentration and sketching the titration curve. 3) Properties of the ammonia-ammonium ion buffer system, including explaining why the pH is around 5 at the equivalence point of a strong acid-weak base titration and calculating the Kb from the given pH.

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17 views3 pages

Acids & Bases PH Curves Ms

This document contains information about three different chemical equilibria: 1) The titration of a weak acid with a strong base, noting the pH at half equivalence point and calculating the Ka. 2) The titration curve of propanoic acid with potassium hydroxide, including calculating the initial hydrogen ion concentration and sketching the titration curve. 3) Properties of the ammonia-ammonium ion buffer system, including explaining why the pH is around 5 at the equivalence point of a strong acid-weak base titration and calculating the Kb from the given pH.

Uploaded by

장채윤
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as RTF, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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1. (i) 9.

5;
Accept any value in the range 9.4–9.6. 1

(ii) titration involves a weak acid and a strong base;


salt formed at equivalence point is basic due to hydrolysis;
– –
A (aq) + H2O(l) HA(aq) + OH (aq);
Ignore state symbols. 3

0.155  22.0  1
(iii) 25.0  1 ;
–3
= 0.136 (mol dm ); 2

(iv) at half neutralization point, pH = pKa;


pKa = 5.3;
Accept any value in the range 5.2–5.4.
–6 –3
Ka = 5.0 × 10 (mol dm );
Accept calculations based on initial pH or on pH of salt. 3

(v) phenolphthalein;
Accept thymolphthalein.
Allow ECF from (a)(i). 1
[10]

– +
2. (a) (i) CH3CH2COOH + H2O CH3CH2COO + H3O
– +
/ CH3CH2COOH CH3CH2COO + H ;
required for mark. 1

(ii) (pKa for propanoic acid = 4.87)


+ 2
[H ] = 0.100 × Ka;
+ –3 –3
[H ] = 1.16 × 10 (mol dm ); 2

IB Questionbank Chemistry 1
(b) sketch to show:

indicator range between pH 3.0 and pH 4.6 (with “yellow” at


pH 3.0 and “blue” at pH 4.6);
initial pH of acid at 2.9 ± 1.0 (when no KOH has been added);
half-equivalence point (does not need to be named) at pH 4.9
3
when 12.5 cm of KOH have been added;
3
equivalence point at approx pH 8.5–9.0 when 25.0 cm of KOH(aq)
added;
3
upper part of curve from 25.0–50.0 cm added identical to original
curve;
Award [1] each for any three points. 3 max
[6]

3. (i) NH3 weak(er) base/partial dissociation;


–
[OH ] < 0.1(0) /pOH > 1 (thus pH < 13 / pH + pOH = 14); 2

(ii) around pH = 5;
Accept a value between 4 and 6.
+
strong acid–weak base titration, (thus acidic) / at equivalence point, NH 4
+ +
present is acidic / NH4 NH3 + H ; 2

+ –
(iii) NH3(aq) + H2O(l) NH4 (aq) + OH (aq);
Ignore state symbols, but equilibrium sign required.

[ NH 4 ][OH  ]
Kb = [ NH 3 ] ; 2

+
(iv) [NH3] = [NH4 ]; 1

IB Questionbank Chemistry 2
(v) pOH = 14.00 – 9.25 = 4.75;
pKb (= pOH) = 4.75;
–5
Kb = 1.78 × 10 ;
Ignore units.
Award [3] for correct final answer. 3

(vi) optimum/most effective/highest buffer capacity/50 %–50 % buffer/equally


effective as an acidic buffer and a basic buffer / OWTTE; 1
[11]

IB Questionbank Chemistry 3

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