CHAPTER I

SEAMANSHIP III

SEAMANSHIP-is the actual and efficient work of a seaman on board the

vessel without causing injuries to his self. It is the ability of a seaman to do
the task required on board safety.

SHIP ORGANIZATION

a. Purpose

That there will be a division of labor among the crew members on board the
ship and yet they all work as a team in order to ensure a smooth and safe
operation of the vessel. Organization depends on the ship design and
manning arrangement.

b. Administrative and Operation functions

The Captain-the owner's representative and he is primarily responsible for

the safe navigation of the ship, care and delivery of the cargo and the life and
safety of all on board. He must also attend to the many legal pints and other
complex matters, which arises during the voyage, formally an address as the
Captain, but his correct title is the Master and his designation is used on all
documents.

c. Manning of Cargo Ship

The ship's complement is divided into 3 departments: Deck, Engine, and

Catering departments. Each has its own chief assisted by junior officers,
petty officer and ratings. At sea continuous watches are maintained by the
deck and engine departments and also in port, but the catering is normally.

DECK DEPARTMENT

in general, the deck department is responsible for the navigation of the ship
when at sea and this includes keeping a continuous look out in all weathers.
During this period the never-ending task of rust-prevention, painting down,
washing, preparing cargo spaces and the maintenance of both cargo and life-
saving gear are carried out. All the operations necessary for mooring and
unmooring as well as the preparation and stowage of all cargo handling gears
are also the responsibilities of this deportment.

Master -overall in command of the ship.

1st Mate - (Chief Officer) He is responsible for the stowage of the cargo
stability. deck equipment and maintenance as well as the day-to-day
management of the officers and personnel in the deck department. At sea he
keeps the morning and dog watches. Several companies however carry both
a Chief and a First Officer, C.O. is always on day work and the F.O. is the
watch keeper.
2nd Mate - He is usually the navigating officer and assists the chief officer
with cargo works. Responsible for the navigation and bridge equipment or d
at sea keeps the middle and afternoon watches. He is also the Medical
Officer

3rd Mate - He keeps the forenoon and first watch at sea under the watchful
eye of the master. Responsible for the upkeep of the lifesaving appliances
and firefighting equipment and in port, supervises the cargo work,

Navigating cadets / Apprentices - seafarer under training to become deck

officers. They are either indentured for the period of the training or are under
agreement to the shipping company.

Boatswain (Bosun) - Most senior among deck rating. Responsible for all the
deck works which includes ship maintenance, repair of deck equipments,
assist the OOW in the cargo works. Gets job order from the Chief officer and
distribute them among his subordinates. He ranks as petty officer.

Quartermaster - employed solely on steering, bridge and gangway duties, this

position is commonly practice on board the passenger vessels.

Able Bodied seaman (AB) - Senior deck hand. Assist the bosun in supervising
lower rating in routine activities in port and underway. May stands as look-
out and helmsman. He stands watch together with the duty officer at sea or n
port.

Ordinary seaman (OB) - Junior deck hand. Performs the duties of an ordinary
deck hand, assists the bosun in all deck work. He is usually on a day-work

ENGINE DEPARTMENT

Propelling machineries may be either steam or diesel and a constant watch

has to be kept at sea on the engines, lubrication, pressures, fuel supply,
auxiliaries, pumps and generators. In port power is required for driving
winches, lighting, heating, refrigeration etc. the manning of this department
depends largely on the type of a ship, engine and age.

Chief Engineer - He supervises all the work appertaining to the engine room.
He heads the Engine department.

2nd Engineer - Keeps the morning and dogwatches and is responsible for the
maintenance of the engine room, deck and other machineries. In-charge in
the upkeep of the main engine

3rd Engineer -Keeping the middle and afternoon watches. He is in-charge in

the upkeep of the auxiliary engine. He sometimes serves as an electrician in
the absence of such...

4th Engineer - Keeps the forenoon and first watches where he is under the
direct supervision of the Chief engineer. In-charge of all engine pumps and
bunkering. 5. Engine Cadets-Do the upkeep of the engine room. Gets
instruction from the 2n Engineer.

Oiler - Senior engine rating. Stand watch together with the engine OOW.
Generally, gets instructions from the 2 engineer.

Wiper - junior engine hand. Usually on a day-work assignment.

Electrician - Upkeep, repair and maintenance of all electrical equipment and

machineries.

Pump man - engaged only on tankers for operating the discharging. loading
ballasting and attending to cargo pumps.

CATERING DEPARTMENT

On cargo vessels this is a small but busy department under the chief steward
and is responsible for preparing and serving meals, and for the cleaning of
saloons. accommodation and alleyways.

Chief Steward - Chief of the catering department and is in-charge of the daily
menu, victual supply, linen and cleaning materials.

Chief Cook - Responsible for preparing the meals. On some vessels where
there is no chief steward, he does the responsibilities of a chief steward.

Messman - employed for general messing, pantry and cleaning duties.

SHIP NOMENCLATURE (See Figure 1)

1. VHF ANTENNA - very high frequency communication equipment antenna.

2. MAST HEAD LIGHT - bright white Sight on the foremast.

3. LOOP ANTENNA - antenna of the direction finding equipment.

4.CROWS NEST - lookout station on the foremast.

5. MAST STAY - cable wire strong enough to support the fore and aft mast

6. WINDLASS - powerful winch with wildcat used in handling anchors.

7. MOORING WINCH - power driven machine with one or more drums on which
to wind ropes or cables.

8. FORECASTLE - deck located forward where mooring equipments are

situated.

-Forward mooring station

9. JACKSTAFF - small flagstaff on which vessels hoist the company house

flag.

10. PANAMA LEAD -a lead/chock used by vessels transmitting the Panama

Canal
11. HATCH COVER -steel cover fitted over a hatchway to prevent entry of
water.

12. FAIRLEADER - an opening where mooring lines/ropes pass.

13. ANCHOR - heavy forging or casting comprising a shank of one end and
two arms with palms so shaped as to grip the sea bottom, with chains to hold
a

vessels

14. FOREPEAK TANK - forward ballast tank often used for trimming

15. BULLBOUS BOW - protrusion on the forward part. (Wave breaker)

16. FORWARD DRAFT - (draught mark) forward external mark of a vessel

either in meters or feet, indicates the depths below the water line.

17. CHAIN LOCKER - where the anchor chain are stored.

18: BOW THRUSTER - bow propeller that thrusts the vessel to either port or
starboard.

19. COFFERDAM - empty space between two bulkheads separating two

adjacent compartments designed to isolate the other compartment from the
other when there is a collision.

20. CARGO HOLD - where cargoes are slowed,

21. BALLAST TANK - tank for the carriage of water ballast.

22. DECK LINE - line drawn through the intersection of the moulded line of
deck beams and moulded lines of frames.

23. LOADLINE DISC - a disc 12 inches in diameter marked amidships below

the deck line with letters on the side to indicate the assigning authority.

24. PLIMSOLL LINE - term, which refers to the freeboard mark painted on the
ship's side.

25. AMIDSHIP DRAFT - amid ship external mark, which indicates the depth
below the water line.

26. WING TANK - ballast tank located outboard and usually under the weather
dock.

27. DEEP TANK - portions of a vessel specially constructed to carry ballast

water.

28. KEEL - (backbone) main structural centerline member running fore and
aft along
the bottom of the ship.

29. FUEL OIL TANK - tank specially constructed to carry ship's oil.
30. ACCOMODATION LADDER - steps suspended at the side of the vessel that
provides access to crew and visitors.

31. MACHINERY SPACE - space specially constructed to carry the main

engine and auxiliary engines.

32. AFTER DRAFT - after external mark which indicates the depths below the
water.

33. BOSSING - portion at the astern part where the propeller is being
connected.

34. PROPELLER - propulsive device consisting of a boss or hub carrying

radical blades.

35. RUDDER POST - strong post where the rudder is being connected to.

36. RUDDER - device used for steering a vessel.

37. FRESH WATER TANK - tank constructed to carry fresh/drinking water for
the crew.

38. AFTER PEAK TANK - tank in the after part designed to carry ballast water.

39. STEERING GEAR ROOM - room in the after part where the steering gear s
fixed.

40. ROPE STORE - where mooring ropes/wires are stored.

41. BITT - strong iron post for fastening ropes.

42 LIFE BOAT - boat built of fiberglass, equipped for life saving purposes.

43. MOORING WINCH AFT - mooring winch situated aft

44. ENSIGN STAFF - flagstaff that carries the flag to where the ship was
registered.

45. PROVISION CRANE - crane in the after part used to hoist provisions/store
from shore.

46. FUNNEL - metal trunk to where combustion gases are led from the
engines up to open air.

47. SATELITE RADOME - protective cover to the satellite equipment.

48. HALYARD - rope or purchase used to hoist or lower flags.

49. RADAR MAST/MAIN MAST/AFTERMASTHEAD LIGHT - mast that carries

the radar. white range light.

50. VHF ANTENNA

51. GPS ANTENNA - metal rod that carries the global positioning system
antenna.
52. BRIDGE/NAVIGATION BRIDGE - part of the accommodation for navigation
purposes.

53. ACCOMODATION - living quarters for the crew.

54. PORT HOLE - opening at the sides of the superstructure that gives light
and ventilation to living quarters.

55. LIFE RING - buoyant object designed to be thrown to a person overboard

or has fallen overboard.

56. LIFE RAFT - raft-like construction designed to save lives in the event of a
shipwreck.

57. ACCOMODATION ENTRANCE - opening in the superstructure which

provides access to crews coming in and out.

58. FIREPLAN - fire contingency plan of a vessel.

59.FIRE EXTINGUISHER - equipment used to extinguish fire.

59. MAST HOUSE - used for housing electric control equipments.

60. GRAB - cargo grab designed to grab bulk cargoes.

61. CRANE JIB (BOOM) - steel arm of a crane.

62. CRANE HOUSE - (crane body) shelter for crane machinery and operator.

63. CARGO RUNNER - cable wire fitted to a crane.

64. CARGO HOOK - hook connected to a cable wire used to hoist /lower
cargoes.

65. CRANE POST - sturdy steel post where the crane is fixed.

66. VENTILATOR (AIR VENT) - provides ventilation to cargo holds and ballast
tanks.

67. DINGHY - small rubber boat with high-speed engine.

68. SCUPPER HOLE - drain hole to allow water to run directly overboard.

COMMON TERMINOLOGIES USED ON BOARD A VESSEL

1. Abaft - In a direction towards the stern of a vessel. Located at, near or

towards the stern. Astern of

2. Abeam - At right angle (90°) to the fore and aft centerline of the vessel

3. Abreast - Alongside of. If two vessels are running side by side one vessel is
said to
be abreast of the other.
4. Amidships - The center of the vessel with reference to either its length or
breadth, The middle section of the vessel.

5. Astern - Behind the vessel. Any point off the stern of the vessel as when a
net is
towed astern.

6. Athwartships - At right angles to the fore and aft centerline of the vessel.

7. Auxiliaries - A term applied collectively to all non-propulsive engine-driven

machineries and equipment of the vessel.

8. Aweigh - An anchor that has just broken away from the bottom.

9. Ballast - Weigh put in a ship's hold or seawater placed in her tanks to

increase her stability.

10. Batten - Long strips of metal or wood used aboardship for various
purposes. To "batten down" the hatches means to cover up and fasten down
especially with a tarpaulin.

11. Beacon - A post or buoy placed on a shoal or banks to warn vessels of

danger or to mark a channel. A signal mark on land; a light or radio signal.

12. Beam - The width of a vessel at her widest part. A horizontal support for
the deck

13, Bearing - the direction of one point or object with respect to another.

14. Berth - Mooring space for co vessel.

15. Bilge - The lowest or deepest part of a vessel's interior beneath the
lowest deck plates or floor boards in each comportment on the lowest deck.

16. Bilge well - The lowest part of a compartment into which bilge water
naturally drain.

17. Binnacle - A housing located near the helm that contains the compass.

18. Block - Seafarer's term for pulley.

19. Boatswain's (Bosun's) chair - A short board slung by a four legged bridle
and used as a seat while working aloft, over the ship's side or for lowering a
man into a hold or tank.

20. Bollard - Single or double cast metal or wooden post found on a wharf
which are used for mooring vessels. A bollard resembles a tree stump.

21. Bow -The forward part of the vessel.

22. Bow Line - A line leading from the bow of the vessel. Generally, this line
leads forward. A type of knot when spelled as one word.
23. Bower, Bower Anchor - One of the anchors carried on each bow and
designated as port bower and starboard bower. They are the main anchors a
ship rides on.

24. Box the compass - To name the thirty-two points of the compass from
north through east on around and back to north.

25. Broach -To be turned violently parallel to the waves subjecting you to
possible capsizing.

26. Buckler (Plate) - A plate or shutter used to close off the opening at the
top of the hawse pipe against the entry of the water.

27. Bulkhead - A vertical partition in a vessel similar to a wall between rooms

in a house. A collision bulkhead is a bulkhead in the forward part of the
vessel near the bow that is designed to prevent flooding as a result of a head-
on collision.

28. Bulwarks - The raised portion of the sides of the vessel around the main
deck made of light plating to prevent crew, passengers and cargo from being
washed Overboard.

29. Capstan - A wheel and axe type winch with a vertical axle used to handle
fiber lines for mooring.

30. Cardinal - Main or fundamental. The cardinal points of the compass are its
four main points-north, east, south, west.

31. Cast off - To "let go" or release a line.

32. Chock - A metal fitting that guides of fairleads a line where it leaves the
vessel.

33. Chronometer - A clock or timepiece specially made to keep accurate time

set to show the correct Greenwich Mean Time (GMT).

34. Companionway - A stairway leading from a vessel's deck to a cabin or

accommodation below.

35. Compass Rose - A circle graduated in degrees, clockwise from 0° to 360°,

and sometimes also marked to shoe compass points. Placed at a convenient
location on charts to help measure a direction.

36. Conning - Directing the helmsman by giving him steering orders to move
the helm

37. Deadlight - A heavy metal shutter that clamps over the inside of an airport
or portlight and keeps water out in heavy weather. A porthole cover.

38. Dead reckoning - The practice of estimating a vessel's position by

calculating courses and distances made good after departing from a known
position.
39. Deadweight - The total weight a vessel carries when immersed to her
authorized loaded draft. It does not include the weight of the vessel itself
which is called her light displacement.

40. Derelict - A vessel abandoned or forsaken on the high seas.

41. Deviation - An error in a magnetic compass caused by magnetism within

your ship or its cargo.

42. Displacement - The volume or weight of water displaced by a vessel

afloat. The weight of this water is exactly equal to the total weight of the
vessel and its cargo.

43. Dunnage - Wood or other material placed in the bottom of a hold to raise
the cargo and keep it dry.

44. Even keel - A vessel that draws the same amount of water forward as aft.

45. Fairway - The portion of a river or harbour where the navigable channel
for large
Vessel lies.

46. Fake - as to take down or coil a line

47. Fathom - A measurement of depth. One fathom equals six feet.

48. Foul - Entangled (as with a line caught in the propeller)

49. Founder or Flounder - To fill with water and sink at sea.

50. Freeboard - The vertical distance from the deck along the hull to the
waterline at some stated point.

51. Freeing port - Large openings cut in the bulwarks that allow quantities of
water on deck to drain overboard rapidly.

52. Galley - The area or compartment containing the cooking facilities. A

vessel's kitchen.

53. Ground tackle - An anchor and all associated anchoring gear.

54. Gyrocompass - A compass that operates independently of the earth's

magnetic field and provides true compass directions that are not affected by
magnetism,

55. Hatch - a covered opening in the dock.

56. Hawser - A heavy rope or cable used for various purposes such as towing
or mooring large vessel.

57. Head -To direct the ship's course.

58. Heave -To throw, as to heave the line ashore.

59. Heaving Line - A length of small-diameter fiber or synthetic rope, usually
about 100 to 120 feet long, thrown in preparation for hauling a heavier rope
between

60. Heel - To lay over: to lean; to incline to one side due to the external force.

61. Helm - A vessel's steering device (ie. wheel or filler) or entire steering
mechanism.

62. Holst - To raise

63. Jettison -To throw cargo

64. Keel - A continuous member (part) running the length of the vessel from
bow to stern and about which the vessel is built. The backbone of the vessel.

65. Knot - A measure of speed equal to one nautical mile per hour.

66. Lee or leeward - The side of the vessel opposite the side on which the
wind is blowing.

67. Leeway - Sideways movement of a boat through the water as a result of

wind.

68. List - When a vessel leans to port or starboard due to internal factor such
as improper stowage of cargo.

69. Manrope - A general name for ropes used as safety lines on decks or
hatchways.

70. Messenger - Alight line mode fast to a heavier line across an intervening
space.

71. Mooring line - A line used to tie a vessel to another vessel or to a wharf.

72. Nautical mile - The standard unit of measure for marine navigation and for
work on Mercator charts.

73. Pitch - the motion of a vessel as her bow and stern move up and down in
opposite direction

74. Points - An arc of a circle of 111. According to tradition, the 360° on the
compass card are divided into 32 points.

75. Port -The left side of a vessel looking forward.

76. Pratique - Permission for persons to land from or to board a vessel

arriving from a foreign port after that a vessel has complied with the
quarantine regulations and has presented a clean bill of health.

77. Quay - A wharf built parallel to the shoreline to accommodate ships on

one side only.

78. Quarter – Either corner of a vessel's stern; port quarter, starboard quarter.
79. Rigging - A collective torn for all the slays, shrouds, halyards, and lines
that support a vessel's masts and booms and operate its movable parts.

80. Rolling -The motion of the ship swinging from side to side caused by
pressure of the waves on the sides of the ship.

81. Scupper - A deck drain

83. Sea anchor - Any device used to reduce a boot's drift before the wind or
to had her bow or stern into the wind.

83. Sea painter - A long line leading from the forward thwart of a lifeboat to
the deck of the ship and used to steer the life clear of the ship's side as the
ship makes way through the water

84. Seaway -The navigable portion of the sea.

85. Slack - to loosen

86. Sounding - The act of measuring the depth of water by using a lead line or
depth sounder. The act of determining the depth of fluid in a tank by using a
gouging tapes, measuring stick, or electronic gouging devices.

87. Stability - the tendency of a vessel to return to an upright position.

88. Starboard -The right of the vessel when facing forward.

89. Steerageway - When a vessel has sufficient headway and is able to

respond to her rudder

90. Stem - The offer end of the vessel.

91. Superstructure - Any structure rising above the uppermost continuous

deck (e. the main deck)

92. Taut -Tight

93. Ton - A ton may be either a unit of weight or a unit of capacity. A short ton
is 2000 lbs. whereas a long ton is 2240 lbs. in admeasuring a vessel's net
tonnage or gross tonnage a ton refers to an internal volume of 100 cubic feet.

94. Topside - On or above the weather deck.

95. Trim - The fore and aft deviation of a vessel from her designed waterline
at a given draft. The difference between a vessel's draft forward and aft as
seen by comparing her draft markings.

96. Variation - An error in a magnetic compass caused by the effects of the

earth's magnetic field.

97. Weather deck - An uncovered deck exposed to the weather.

98. Windward - The direction from which the wind is blowing.

99. Yaw -To swing temporarily from course by the action of a following sea.

SEAMANSHIP CONSTRUCTION

Multiple Choice:

1. In ship building what do you call the steel or iron plates forming the
covering of a deck or the outer most structure on the hull of a ship?
a. Shell plating
b. Hull bottom shell plating
c. Deck plating
d. Inner bottom shell plating

2. What do you call a dividing wall or barrier between compartment in a ship

or any vertical partition separating compartments and spaces?
a. Floors
b. Bulkheads
c. Deck beams
d. Pillars

3. What do you call the outer-most structure on the ship side?

a. Coamings
b. Deck plating
c. Shell plating
d. Outer plating
4. These are transverse members that connect the top ends of the frames,
forming the transverse framing for the deck.
a. Deck beams
b. Cant beams
c. Stiffeners
d. Pillars

5. What do you call the top full course of side shell plating or the continuous
row of shell plates on a level with the uppermost continuous deck?
a. Garboard strake
b. Sheer strake
c. Bottom strake
d. Bilge strake

6. What do you call a post or upright post or a structural steel member,

usually larger whose main function is to withstand axial compressive
stresses.
a. King post
b. Pillars
c. Stanchion
d. Stiffener

7. What do you call a plated surface or shell inside the outer shell plating,
used as an additional protection in case of collision or other accidents?
a. Outer bottom plating
b. Transverse frame
c. Longitudinal frame
d. Inner bottom plating

8. What do you call a longitudinal plating that connects the side shell plating
to the bottom plating?
a. Bilge strake
b. Garboard strake
c. Sheer strake
d. Bottom strake

9. It serves as the backbone of the ship running longitudinally that forms the
structural base of a ship and always corresponds to a ship's centerline.
a. bulwark
b. keel
c. beam
d. girders

10. The course of the plates next to the keel of the ship.
a. bilge strakes
b. sheer strake
c. garboard strake
d. bottom strake

11. What do you call the strake running between the garboard strake and
bilge
strake?
a. garboard strake
b. sheer strake
c. bilge strake
d. bottom strake

12. What do you call the top most strakes of the hull?
a. sheer strake
b. bilge strake
c. bottom strake
d. garboard strake

13. What do you call the upper edge of the sheer strake?
a. bulwark
b. gunwale
c. railings
d. stanchions

14. What do you call the bottom most plank of a vessel hull?
a. sheer strake
b. bottom strake
c. bilge strake
d. garboard strake

15. It is the watertight body of a ship or boat that serve also as the
foundation of
of the ship.
a. frames
b. keel
c. bulkhead
d. hull

16. What do you call a steel plate that runs longitudinally or transversely
throughout the hull structure?
a. Frame
b. Floor
c. Brackets
d. Stiffeners

17. What do you call the vertical athwart ship members forming the ribs of the
ship?
a. deck beams
b. transverse frame
c. shell plating
d. bulkhead

18. A steel plate which is welded to the floor of the hull that runs
longitudinally throughout the hull floor.
a. Flat plate
b. Offset bulb plate
c. Floor plate
d. Hatch girders

19. A triangular plate used to connect rigidly two or more parts, such as deck
beam to a frame, a frame to a margin plate.
a. Knees
b. Frames
c. Stringers
d. Bracket

20. What do you call a block of wood having a natural angular shape or one
cut to a bracket shape and used to fasten and strengthen the corners of deck
openings and intersection of timbers, and to connect deck beams to the
frames of wood vessels.
a. Knee
b. Bracket
c. Stiffeners
d. Girder

21. The intercostal plates that are used to join two floor plates.
a. deck beams
side girders
c. keel plate
d. knee

22. What do you call the longitudinal run of plating covering the hull, deck
and bulkhead structure.
a. Plating
b. Stringer
c. Strake
d. Bracket
23. The uppermost complete deck exposed to weather and sea, which has
permanent means of closing all openings in the weather part.
a. Strength deck
b. Lower deck
c. Superstructure deck
d. Freeboard deck

24. The uppermost continuous deck which is forming the upper flange of the
hull
structure.
a. Strength deck
b. Lower deck
c. Superstructure deck
d. Freeboard deck

25. All free deck and parts of deck exposed to the sea.
a. strength deck
b. weather deck
c. superstructure deck
d. freeboard deck

26. An angle bar, T-bar, channet, etc., use to stiffen plating of a bulkhead or
other member.
a. Pillar
b. Stanchion
c. Stiffener
d. Girder

27. A vertical member or column which provides support to a deck girder.

a. coaming
b. stiffener
c. girder
d. stanchion

28. Any vertical surface on a ship designed to deflect or prevent entry of

water, usually to a raised section of deck plating around an opening such as
hatch.
a. Coaming
b. Bulwark
c. Girder
d. Bulkhead

29. What do you call the front of a ship?

a. poop
b. bow
c. stern
d. superstructure

30. What do you call the rear of the ship?

a. poop
b. bow
c. stern
d. superstructure
SHIP CONSTRUCTION
1. The bilge keel is for the purpose of:
a. Strengthening the bilge c. Adding strength to main structural
members
b. Reducing rolling d. Acting bumper when vessel is on
drydock

2. A "DOG" is a:
a. Crow bar c. Heavy steel beam
b. Device to force a water tight against the frame d. Sheer strake

3. The inward curvature of the ship's side is the:

a. Tumble home b. Flare c. Hogging d. Sagging

4. The horizontal joint formed by joining plates in hull plating strakes is

known as:
a. Scraph b. Butt c. Seam d. Bracket

5. In a longitudinally framed vessel, the longitudinal frames are held in a

place and supported by athwartship members called:
a. Stringers b. Margin plates c. Floors d. Web frames

6. A stand used for housing compasses so that they may be used

conveniently is:
a. Compass bowl b. Bilge way c. Divider d. Binnacle

7. A strong slip secured to the main framing of the ship's chain locker that
holds the inboard of an anchor chain is called:
a. Bitter end b. Senhouse slip c. Chain shackle d. Shackle hold

8. In ship construction, keel scantling should be the greatest:

a. 1/3 the distance from the bow c. Midships
b. At each frame d. 1/3 the distance from stern

9. Which of the ff. is a part of a vessel's standing rigging?

a. Downhaul b. Sheet c. Backstay d. Topping lift

10. The elevated perforated bottom of a chain locker which prevents the
chain from touching the bottom of the chain locker and allows water to
flow to the drain is:
a. Draft b. Craddle c. Manger d. Harping

11. What standing riggings support the mast in the fore and aft and
athwartship direction?
a. Shrouds and stays b. Craddle c. Guys and vangs d. Sheet
and guys

12. Structural members that fit between the floors of a vessel and stiffen
the double bottom are called:
a Buckler plates b. Floor stiffeners c. Boss plates d. Intercostals

13. The part of the vessel which gives her watertight integrity, covers hull
and binds the whole structure together:
a. Deck plates b. Fore deck c. Shell plates d. Poop plates

14. The frame of the vessel that runs parallel to the keel is called:
a. Transverse frame c. Parallel frame
b. Center frame d. Longitudinal frame

15. A special form of winch used to hoist the anchors, house them safely
and warp the ship in harbor is:
a. Capstan b. Windlass c. Gypsy d. Winch

16. That part of the vessel that cuts the water forward:
a. Bow b. Keel c. Prow d. Stem

17. A partition on a ship which divides the interior space into various
compartments is called:
a. Intercostal b. Traverse wall c. Bulkhead d. Divider

18. The upper section of the frame and side platings which extends above
and around the upper deck is the:
a. Railing b. Fantails c. Cant frames d. Bulwarks

19. The steel disc that screws down the glass shutting out the light if
necessary is:
a. Blind port b. Port light c. Dead light d. Port hole

20. The forward part of the hull, usually raised above the main deck formerly
used as quarters for the crew but now used as store rooms or boatswain's
locker:
a. Forecastle b. Paint locker c. Fore peak d. Foredeck

21. The equipment or special winch used for lowering or hoisting lifeboats:
a. Davit b. Boat winch c. Boat falls d. Boat blocks

22. The strake next to the keel is called:

a. Garboard b. Gangplank c. Gunwale d. Keelson
23. A partial deck above the main deck located at the stern is called:
a. Forecastle deck b. Poop deck c. Upper deck d. Weather deck

24. A vertical drum, revolving on an upright spindle and either power driven or
turned by hand for heaving
on rope or hawser:
a. Windlass b. Capstan c. Winch d. Bollard

25. The other name for a foundation bar, an angle bar which connects
hatches, deck house coaming or other raised structure:
a. Coaming chock b. Coaming stay c. Coaming bar d. Coaming
stiffener

26. The upward slope of the ship's bottom from the keel to the bilge. This is
to allow drainage of oil or water towards the center of the ship:
a. Round of the bilge b. Deadrise c. Cutwater d. Bilge flush

27. A metal fitting which holds a member in place or presses two members
together is the:
a. Girder b. Gouge c. Grating d. Gib

28. Metal plates that cover the top of the hawse pipes are called:
a. Buckler plates b. Stop water c. Trotings d. Longitudinal
plates

29. A drain hole cut through the gunwale and shell plating to allow liquid to
flow overboard.
a. Scupper hole b. Scuttle c. Drainage d. None of these

30. The maximum length allowed between main transverse bulkheads on the
vessel is referred to as
a. Permissible length b. Length overall: c. Floodable length d.
Extreme length

31. A compartment of the ship's hold partitioned off specifically to carry

water, liquid cargo, or for trim and stability.
a. Deep tank b. Double bottom tank c. Peak tank d. Settling
tank

32. To heat a metal and to cool in such a way that it is softened or toughened.
a. Anneal b. Temper c. Braze d. Tensile