WEEKLY LEARNING ACTIVITY SHEET

Science 10, Quarter 2, Week 2

Electromagnetic Waves
(Uses and Applications of Electromagnetic Waves)

Name: ___________________________________________ Section: ____________________

Most Essential Learning Competency (MELC)

Learning Objective:

Cite examples of practical applications of the different regions of EM waves, such as the use
of radio waves in telecommunications. (S10FE-IIc-d-48)

Sub-tasked competency:

a. enumerate some practical applications of the different regions of EM waves;

b. explain how the radio works;
c. identify parts of a radio;
d. discuss the advantages and disadvantages of a radio.

Time Allotment: (4 days)

Key Concepts

In your previous lesson, you learnt that radio waves are part of the electromagnetic
spectrum. They have the longest wavelength of any of the electromagnetic waves in the spectrum.
Radio waves are used to transmit commercial radio and television signals for radio links to weather
stations and for communication in emergency services such as ambulance, fire and police.

Type and wavelengths Sources Characteristics Applications

Radio waves Radio Carry audio and Broadcasting and

λ : 103 — 10-1 m Television visual information wireless communication
transmitter UHF (ultra-high
frequency) radio waves –
TV and mobile phones
VHF (very high
frequency) radio waves –
local radio and wireless
communication used by
policemen

Author: Bria F. Singson

School/Station: Agay National High School
Division: Agusan del Norte
email address: bria.singson@deped.gov.ph
 Microwaves Radar transmitter Can penetrate the Communication with
λ : 10-1 – 10-3 m Microwave ovens atmosphere satellites
Suitable for Used in radar systems
satellite Global Positioning
communication System (GPS)
Can excite water For cooking –
molecules, microwave ovens
therefore suitable Mobile phones
for cooking
Infrared rays Warm or hot Also known as For cooking food –
λ : 10-3 – 10-6 m objects infrared radiation ovens, grills and
The Sun When an object toasters
absorbs infrared Remote controls for
rays, it becomes televisions and video
hotter players
Intruder alarm systems
Night vision
Thermal scanners
Visible light The Sun Consists of seven Photography
λ : 8 x 10-7 – 4 x 10-7 m Hot objects components (red, Photosynthesis by
Electric bulbs Fire
orange, yellow, plants
LED green, blue, indigo Human and animal
and violet) sight
Ultraviolet rays The Sun Can be absorbed Fluorescent lamp
λ : 10-7– 10-9 m Mercury lamps by glass and the Detection of security
Sparks ozone layer in the markings in currency
Very hot objects atmosphere of the notes
Earth Sterilization of surgical
A small amount is tools and plant
good for producing seedlings
vitamin D in our
skin while a large
amount is bad for
eyes and can cause
skin cancer
X-rays X-ray tubes High energy Helps doctors to check
λ : 10-9 – 10-11 m Outer space bodies High penetrating bones and teeth
power Helps engineers to
Very dangerous check welds and metal
joints
Kills cancerous cells
X-ray diffraction helps
scientists to study the
arrangement of atoms
in various substances
To detect whether an art
piece is genuine or not
Gamma rays Radioactive High energy Kills cancerous cells
λ : 10-11 m or less substances High penetrating Sterilization of surgical
Cosmic rays power tools and food
Very dangerous Helps engineers to
check welds and metal
joints
The sources, characteristics and applications of the electromagnetic spectrum: Retrieved from
https://www.aplustopper.com/analysing-electromagnetic-waves/

Author: Bria F. Singson

School/Station: Agay National High School
Division: Agusan del Norte
email address: bria.singson@deped.gov.ph
Exercises / Activities

Activity 1.1. Match Me!

Direction: Draw lines to match the wave to the usage.

1. Mobile phone Radio Waves

2. Sun bed
Microwaves

3. Radiotherapy
Infrared

TV
4. Transmission Gamma
s Rays

5. Thermal
imaging Ultraviolet

Activity 1.2. Pick Me Up!

Direction: Identify the different applications/uses of EM waves by using the words in the box.
Write your answer on each given number provided.

* Radio and Telecommunication * Artificial lightning, optical fibers in medical uses,

Screen of electronic devices

* Sterilization, Fluorescence * Medical Use, engineering applications

* Medical Treatments * Satellite communication, RADAR, television

transmission, cooking

* Remote control, household electrical appliances,

autofocus camera, night vision goggles

Author: Bria F. Singson

School/Station: Agay National High School
Division: Agusan del Norte
email address: bria.singson@deped.gov.ph
 1 2 3 4 5 6 7

https://www.slideshare.net/dinahdumlao7/electromagnetic-spectrum-em-spectrum

Activity 2.1. Complete Me!

Direction: Read the material and fill in each blank with the word that best completes the
reading comprehension.

A Radio and How It Works

You might think a radio is something for you to listen to but it can also be used to communicate
over long distances. Radio means sending energy with waves. It is a method of transmitting
electrical energy from one place to another without any wires connecting the source and the
receiver. That is why, it is often called wireless. The radio does not even need air to transmit its
message.

The source of a radio message is an aerial or antenna which is a wire through which changing
electric currents are passed. As the current changes, an electromagnetic wave is produced which
travels out from the aerial. These electromagnetic waves are called radio waves. The equipment
that sends out a radio wave is known as a transmitter. The radio waves sent by a transmitter move
quickly through the air and are then received by the aerial of a radio receiver, which makes small
currents form in the receiving aerial.

The way in which message is transmitted by radio A radio station converts sound in the form of
speech or music to electric current. The currents are then sent to the transmitting aerial, which
converts them into radio waves. The radio receiver converts the electric currents in the receiving
aerial back to sound. Thus, the sound in the radio studio is the same as the sound in the radio
and the message is transmitted by electromagnetic waves

Author: Bria F. Singson

School/Station: Agay National High School
Division: Agusan del Norte
email address: bria.singson@deped.gov.ph
How the aerial works

At a radio station, electrons vibrate in a certain pattern along the transmitting aerial. This
movement produces electromagnetic waves which travel through the air. If a receiving aerial is in
the path of the waves, they make the electrons in the aerial vibrate in the same pattern as in the
transmitting aerial. This is how your radio picks up the signal.

Sending messages around the world Radio waves are used to carry messages quickly around the
world. The radio waves transmitted by radio stations are reflected in different directions by a
satellite. A satellite is a man-made object, orbiting in space.

Radio waves produced and transmitted from one radio station on the Earth, are reflected by the
satellite to other places on the Earth. The waves reflected by the satellite are received and repeated
locally by local transmitters. These repeated waves are received and changed into the original
sound by receivers in radios.

Tuning in when we extend the aerial on a radio receiver, it picks up some of the electromagnetic
energy passing by. When we want to listen to the radio, we tune-in to select a station which we
want to listen to. Why do we have to select and what do we select?

Different radio stations broadcast programs. For example, N.B.C broadcasts from Port Moresby
and Provincial Radio Stations broadcasts from the provinces. A.B.C broadcasts from Sydney.

Each radio station transmits its own program on its own radio frequency. So, there are many
different radio frequencies in the air at the same time. We tune - in to select the radio wave
transmitted by the station we want to listen to.

If you tune the radio into a station, an electronic circuit inside the radio selects only the program
you want from all those that are broadcasting.

Reception by radio You know that radio stations transmit radio waves of their own programs. The
original programs of news, music, advertisements and others that you hear of on the radio are in
the form of sound waves. These sound waves are changed into radio waves, that is, electromagnetic
waves, and transmitted using transmitters.

Author: Bria F. Singson

School/Station: Agay National High School
Division: Agusan del Norte
email address: bria.singson@deped.gov.ph
Now, what happens when we tune in our radio to a radio station we want to listen to? This is what
happens when we tune in: The aerial of our radio picks up the radio frequency we select. The radio
transforms (changes) the wave picked up by the aerial, into clear sound waves. When the sound
is clear, we say the reception is clear.

Why is the reception bad at times? Sometimes we do not hear the sound clearly. We say the
reception is bad.

When our radio does not pick up the radio frequencies or when the aerial does not reach out high
enough, the sound is not clear. Several sounds are mixed up when there are other noises and
disturbances. This happens when the atmosphere is disturbed by rain and thunderstorm.

When we tune our radio, the:

• aerial picks up radio frequencies we select.

• radio changes the radio waves into clear sound wave.

Analogue radio

Radio waves carry energy as an invisible, up-and-down movement of electricity and magnetism.
This carries program signals from huge transmitter antennas, which are connected to the radio
station, to the smaller antenna on your radio set. A program is transmitted by adding it to a radio
wave called a carrier. This process is called modulation. Sometimes a radio program is added to
the carrier in such a way that the program signal causes fluctuations in the carrier's frequency.
This is called frequency modulation (FM). Another way of sending a radio signal is to make the
peaks of the carrier wave bigger or smaller. Since the size of a wave is called its amplitude, this
process is known as amplitude modulation (AM). Frequency modulation is how FM radio is
broadcast; amplitude modulation is the technique used by AM radio stations.

FM stations are broadcasted at a much higher frequency than AM stations. The higher frequency
FM signal suffers less interference and the quality of the sound is much better. The lower frequency
AM signals are refracted by the atmosphere so that towns behind a hill can still receive AM signals.
In contrast, FM signals are unaffected by the atmosphere, so your aerial has to be in the line of
sight from the transmitting tower. Reception will sometimes be poor in areas more than 100
kilometres away.

Importance of Radio as a Means of Communication

The radio is an important means of providing information. It provides an opportunity for people
who cannot access television and cannot read to keep up to date on news, entertainment and
information. It is able to function when television stations are not and is more easily accessed than
the newspaper is. The information that is given over the radio is able to be broadcast to a large
number of listeners and provides them with instantaneous or more timely information.

Advantages and Disadvantages of a Radio

There are advantages and disadvantages of using a radio and some of them are listed in the table
below.

Author: Bria F. Singson

School/Station: Agay National High School
Division: Agusan del Norte
email address: bria.singson@deped.gov.ph
 Advantages Disadvantages
Less expensive as it does not need more Lacks visual appeal as no picture is produced
expensive equipment. from a radio.
Radio programs are so much cheaper to A radio signal has limited strength.
produce on radio.
Has the ability to reach a large audience at the
same time.
Most accessible and portable.
Has the ability to remain localized and at the
same time cover national and international
events.
There is no fee for listening to radio.
(Gideon Messa and Vincent Kapui. A Radio and How It Works: Flexible Open and Distance
Education Papua New Guinea. 2017)

1. The radio is an important means of providing __________.

2. The source of a radio message is an __________.

3. The equipment that sends out a radio wave is known as a __________.

4. __________ waves are used to carry messages quickly around the world.

5. The radio waves transmitted by radio stations are reflected in different directions by a
__________.

6. There is no fee for listening to __________.

7. __________ when we extend the aerial on a radio receiver, it picks up some of the electromagnetic
energy passing by.

8. Another way of sending a radio ________ is to make the peaks of the carrier wave bigger or
smaller.

9. When the sound is clear, we say the __________ is clear.

10. The radio does not even need air to transmit its ____________.

Rubric for scoring: (adapted from courser.org)

Is the response correct?

___ 0 points- No, the response was incorrect.

___ 2 points- The response was partially incorrect.
___ 4 points- Yes, the response was correct.
___ 5 points- Yes, the response was correct and especially insightful or detailed.

Author: Bria F. Singson

School/Station: Agay National High School
Division: Agusan del Norte
email address: bria.singson@deped.gov.ph
 Activity 2.2. Step Me Up!

Direction: Study and read the learning materials below. Arrange the following sequence on how
the radio waves work. Select your answer from the boxes.

Radio Transmitter

Radio transmitter consists of different elements that make it together to operate radio waves that
give useful information such as audio, video, or digital data.
• Power supply: gives the necessary electrical power to generate the transmitter.
• Oscillator: take turns current at the frequency; which the transmitter will transfer and
usually cause a sine wave, referred to as a carrier wave.
• Modulator: functional information to the carrier wave. Two main process to add this
information.
1. amplitude modulation or AM, makes small increases or decreases to step up the
carrier wave.
2. frequency modulation or FM, makes slight increases or decreases the frequency of the
carrier wave.
• Amplifier: regulated the carrier wave to expand its power; the stronger the amplifier, the
stronger the broadcast.
• Broadcast Antenna: changes the amplified signal to radio waves.
Transmitters exertion by necessarily transmitting the audio signal from the microphone
through radio waves. The transmitter draws the microphone output audio signal, transform it to
a radio signal and transferred it through an antenna.

Radio Receivers

Radio receiver is contrasting of a radio transmitter. It makes use of antenna to capture radio waves,
operates those waves to remove only those waves that are vibrating at the particular frequency,
take out the audio signals that were added to those waves, amplifies the audio signals, and in the
end plays them on a speaker.
• Receiver Antenna: catch the radio waves. usually, the antenna is clearly a length of wire.
When this wire is disclosed to radio waves, the waves move a very small alternating current
in the antenna.
• RF amplifier: delicate amplifier that amplifies the very fragile radio frequency (RF) signal
from the antenna in such a way the signal can be worked by the tuner.
• Audio amplifier: amplify the weak signal that comes from the detector in order that it can
be heard; and it can be done using a simple transistor amplifier circuit.
• Demodulator: circuit used in amplitude modulation and frequency modulation receivers
in such a way to separate the information that was modulated towards the carrier from the
carrier itself.
• Tuner: scheme that accept radio frequency (RF) transmissions and transform the selected
carrier frequency associated with bandwidth into a stable frequency that is suitable for
more processing.
• Loudspeaker changed an electrical signal into sound waves providing the most
exact reproduction that is attainable for its design in a very wide range.

Author: Bria F. Singson

School/Station: Agay National High School
Division: Agusan del Norte
email address: bria.singson@deped.gov.ph
 3
4

5 6 7
2

https://communications/1-3-elements-of-radio-communication-system

MODULATOR OSCILLATOR MICROPHONE AMFLIFIER

ANTENNA TUNER DEMODULATOR LOUDSPEAKER

Reflection

Relate your insights/learning in a scenario; which Thermal Scanner is one of the

uses/applications in infrared rays. Answer the questions that follow.

Select an area/place to enter where you can find taking your body temperature with thermal
scanner, through COVID-19. Possible, individuals with higher temperatures, like those associated
with COVID-19, can be identified quickly.

Questions:
1. What can I do to protect myself?

2. How do Thermal Scanners can detect/protect the COVID-19?

References for learners:

Acosta H. D. et al. Electromagnetic Spectrum: Science Module 10. Pasay City: DepEd, 2017.

Dumlao,D. Electromagnetic Spectrum: SIM Grade 10. Don Salustiano Aquino MNHS: 2016.

Department of Education. Teaching Guide Science 10 p.115 – 125.

Gideon Messa and Vincent Kapui. A Radio and How It Works: Flexible Open and Distance
Education Private Mail BAG, P.O. Waigani, NCD for Department of Education Papua New Guinea.
2017

Author: Bria F. Singson

School/Station: Agay National High School
Division: Agusan del Norte
email address: bria.singson@deped.gov.ph
EASE/OHSP Physics Module 17: Electromagnetic Waves and Wireless Communication. Accessed
on November 4, 2020. Retrieved from https://lrmds.deped.gov.ph/detail/7660

Radio Frequency Waves, Data Communication & Networks. Accessed on November 4, 2020.
Retrieved from https://www.slideshare.net/SameerFarooq2/sameer-farooq

Elements of Radio Communication System. Accessed on November 4, 2020. Retrieved from

https://communications/1-3-elements-of-radio-communication-system

Uses of Electromagnetic Waves. Accessed on November 5, 2020. Retrieved from

https://revisionworld.com/gcse-revision/physics/waves/uses-electromagnetic-waves?

The sources, characteristics and applications of the electromagnetic spectrum. Accessed on

November 5, 2020. Retrieved from https://www.aplustopper.com/analysing-electromagnetic-
waves/

Answer Key

7. Medical Treatments
applications
6. Medical Use, engineering
5. Sterilization, Fluorescence
Screen of electronic devices
fibers in medical uses, 10. message
5. INFRARED 4. Artificial lightning, optical 9. reception
camera, night vision goggles 8. signal
4. RADIO WAVES appliances, autofocus 7. tuning in
household electrical 6. radio
3. GAMMA RAYS 3. Remote control, possible answer)
transmission, cooking ionosphere (two
2. ULTRAVIOLET RAYS RADAR, television 5. satellite/
2. Satellite communication, 4. radio
1. MICROWAVES Telecommunication 3. transmitter
1. Radio and 2. aerial/antenna
1. information
• MATCH ME • PICK ME UP • Complete Me!
ACTIVITY 1.1 ACTIVITY 1.2 ACTIVITY 2.1

ACTIVITY 2.2
• Step Me Up!

1. FREQUENCY
2. MODULATOR
3. MICROPHONE
4. ANTENNA
5. TUNER
6. DEMODULATOR
7. AMPLIFIER
8. LOUDSPEAKER

Author: Bria F. Singson

School/Station: Agay National High School
Division: Agusan del Norte
email address: bria.singson@deped.gov.ph