AMPLITUDE SHIFT KEYING MODULATION

IN
MATLAB

This report is submitted to

Bundelkhand Institute of Engineering and Technology
For the partial fulfillment for the award of degree of
Bachelor of Technology
in
Electronics and Communication Engineering

By
Ghanshyam Singh (2100430310028)
Harivansh Singh (2100430310029)
Himani Solanki (2100430310030)
Under the supervision of
Dr. Satish Kumar Singh

Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering

Bundelkhand Institute of Engineering & Technology
Jhansi
(An Autonomous Institute)
 Certificate

This is to certify that the work contained in the thesis entitled “Amplitude
shift keying modulation in matlab” submitted by Ghanshyam Singh, Harivansh
Singh, Himani Solanki for the award of the degree of Bachelor of Technology in
Electronics and Communication Engineering to the Bundelkhand Institute of
Engineering and Technology, Jhansi is a record of bonafide research works
carried out by him under my direct supervision and guidance.

I considered that the thesis has reached the standards and fulfilling the
requirements of the rules and regulations relating to the nature of the degree. The
contents embodied in the thesis have not been submitted for the award of any other
degree or diploma in this or any other university.

Dr. Satish Kumar Singh

Professor
ECE Department
BIET Jhansi
 Declaration

We hereby declare that the project work “Amplitude shift keying modulation in
matlab” entitled is an authenticated work carried out by us under the guidance of
Dr. Satish Kumar Singh of Electronics and Communication Engineering Department
at Bundelkhand Institute of Engineering and Technology, Jhansi. Information
derived from the other source has been quoted in the text and a list of refrences has
been given.

Ghanshyam Singh (2100430310028)

Harivansh Singh (2100430310029)
Himani Solanki (2100430310030)
 Acknowledgement

We would like to express our gratitude towards Dr. Satish Kumar Singh for his
guidance and constant supervision as well as for providing us necessary information
regarding the project and this report. We feel thankful and express our kind gratitude
towards our Director, Head of Department and all faculty members. We would also
like to express our special gratitude and thanks to our parents for giving us constant
support that improved our performance significantly.
 ABSTRACT

This project-based learning study explores the fundamentals of Amplitude Shift Keying
(ASK) modulation, a widely used digital modulation technique in telecommunications and
wireless communication systems. The project aims to provide an innovative and practical
approach to help students and learners gain a comprehensive understanding of ASK
modulation.

The project utilizes a hands-on, experiential learning approach, enabling participants to

engage actively in the learning process. Through a series of guided activities and
experiments, students are encouraged to explore the principles, characteristics, and
applications of ASK modulation. The project is designed to cater to learners with varying
levels of technical expertise, promoting an inclusive learning environment.
Introduction
In the fast-paced world of modern communication systems, the efficient and reliable
transmission of information is of paramount importance. The ability to modulate data onto a
carrier signal, a process known as modulation, lies at the heart of various communication
technologies, enabling the seamless transfer of data over vast distances. One such modulation
technique is Amplitude Shift Keying (ASK), which has found widespread use in
telecommunications, wireless communication, and digital data transmission.

The purpose of this project is to delve into the fascinating realm of ASK modulation and
provide a comprehensive understanding of its principles, applications, and significance in
modern communication systems. ASK modulation is a straightforward yet versatile method,
making it an excellent starting point for exploring the world of digital modulation.

In this project, we will embark on an exciting journey to discover the underlying concepts of
ASK modulation and its practical implementation. Through a hands-on, project-based learning
approach, participants will actively engage with the subject matter, gaining valuable insights
into the world of wireless communication and signal processing.

Our project is structured to cater to learners with varying levels of technical expertise.
Whether you are a student curious about communication engineering, an electronics
enthusiast, or a professional seeking to enhance your understanding of modulation techniques,
this project has something valuable to offer.

Amplitude Shift Keying – ASK -

In this form of modulation the sine carrier takes 2 amplitude values, determined by the
binary datasignal. Usually the modulator transmits the carrier when the data bit is "1",
it completely removes itwhen the bit is "0" (fig 2.1). There are also ASK shapes called
"multi-level", where the amplitude ofthe modulated signal takes more than 2 values.
The demodulation can be coherent or non-coherent. In the first case, more complex as
concerns thecircuits but more effective as against the noise effect, a product
demodulator multiplies the ASKsignal by the locally regenerated carrier. In the
second case the envelope of the ASK signal isdetected via diode. In both cases the
detector is followed by a low pass filter, which removes theresidual carrier
components, and a threshold circuit which squares the data signal (fig 2.2).
The main factors characterizing the ASK are:
• it is mainly used for radiotelegraphy
• it requires not complex circuits
• it is much sensible to disturbances (high possibility of error)
• called Fb the bit transmission speed, the minimum spectrumBw of the modulated
signal is higherthan Fb
• the efficiency of transmission, defined as the ratio between Fb and Bw, is lower than
1• the Baud, defined as the modulation or symbol speed, is equal to the transmission
speed Fb.

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ASK Modulator
The block diagram of the ASK modulator is shown in fig 2.3. The sine carrier (1200
or 1800 Hz) isapplied to an input of the balanced modulator 1; a data signal (indicated
with I) is connected to theother circuit. The circuit usually carries out the balanced
modulator function, and multiplies the twosignals applied across the inputs.
Unbalancing, though, the circuit with switch SW6 (in positionASK/FSK), it operates
as amplitude modulator generating in this way the ASK signal of fig 2.1. Thelast,
then, enters the adder used for FSK/QPSK/QAM modulations, and exits via a
separator stage.The 6dB attenuator cuts the signal amplitude into half, and is activated
only with the QAM. To blockthe operation of the balanced modulator 2 in ASK
mode, the data input of the same modulator mustbe set on ASK (J3=d).

Matlab Code
clear all
close all
clc

F1=25;
F2=5;
A=3;%Amplitude
t=0:0.001:1;
x=A.*sin(2*pi*F1*t)+(A/2);
u=A/2.*square(2*pi*F2*t)+(A/2);
v=x.*u; subplot(3,1,1)

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plot(t,x) title('Carrier')
grid on;
subplot(3,1,2)
plot(t,u);
title('Square Pulses');
grid on;
subplot(3,1,3)
plot(t,v)
title('ASK Signal')
grid on;

Matlab Code Output

Conclusion

Throughout this project on Amplitude Shift Keying (ASK) modulation, we have embarked
on a comprehensive journey to understand the fundamental principles, practical
applications, and significance of this essential digital modulation technique in modern
communication systems. By combining theoretical knowledge with hands-on experiences,
participants have gained a deeper appreciation for the role ASK modulation plays in
enabling efficient data transmission across various communication channels.