A STUDY ON THE SITUATION OF NON-GOVERNMENTAL ORGANIZATION

WORKING IN KATHMANDU VALLY

Submitted By:
Mr. Rodan Singh Maharjan
KUSOA BCD II Year

Submitted To:
Sir Dipesh Khadka
Field Placement
INTRODUCTION

A group that operates independently of any government is often referred to as an NGO. It is a

relatively new concept that was developed by the United Nations (UN) in 1945 to distinguish
between public and private organizations. NGOs are frequently established by private individuals
with a specific goal in mind, and they utilize their position to advocate on behalf of the non-
profit sector. "Private groups that pursue activities to relieve suffering, promote the interests of
the poor, preserve the environment, provide basic social services, or conduct community
development," is how the World Bank defines NGOs.

NGOs come in a broad variety of forms: there are big and small groups, some work
internationally or locally, some only advocate for a single cause, while others support a number
of causes. There are an increasing number of NGOs in Nepal. Nearly every Nepali appears to be
aware of NGOs (Non-Governmental Organizations), their role, and their relevance in the
development of the nation and of all people in general as NGOs (Non-Governmental
Organizations) have thrived in Nepal.

Kathmandu is the capital city of Nepal and has the central role that advocates, operates and
manages SWC head office where all the NGOs within Nepal must visit the SWC head office to
registered there NGOs legally and follow the process, rules and regulation and if without
permission of SWC if anyone tried to run their organization, then it will be punishable by the law
and polices made by the constitution of Nepal. From the research data of SWC it shows that
there are all together 16,000 NGOs in Kathmandu Valley which are currently registered and are
working in the sector of child welfare, women services, youth services, moral development,
health services, environmental protection, education development and community and rural
development. Nepal is one of the world's poorest nations, hence it appears essential that NGOs
develop to reach the grassroots level. In the socioeconomic makeup of the nation, NGOs are
crucial. The NGOs in Nepal were founded with a specific objective in mind and are actively
involved in a number of fields, including the welfare of elderly people, women's empowerment,
and the care of disadvantaged and orphaned children.
RESEARCH QUESTIONS

1. What organization are being mostly registered in SWC and why?

2. What organization are being least registered in SWC and why?
3. What type of organization are being registered in Kathmandu?

REVIEW OF THE LITERATURE

Government of Nepal has established Social Welfare Council under Social Welfare Act, 2049
(1992) to provide for the Social Welfare by means of different activities relating to the social
welfare work, to support the overall development of the country may operate the social welfare
programmed through the concerned Ministry and Social organizations and institutions.

The number of non-governmental organizations (NGOs) working in Nepal has grown

significantly since the 1990s due to a range of factors. A total of 39,759 NGOs and 189
international non-governmental organizations were registered in Nepal between 1977 and 2014
in various sectors, including health, agriculture, poverty alleviation, and good governance.
Despite thousands of NGOs and significant amounts of foreign aid, Nepal remains one of the
poorest countries in South Asia. The case of Nepal indicates that aid and donor support alone are
insufficient for sustained development.

Departments of Social Welfare Council

Financial Department
Financial Administration mainly maintains financial records of the Council. Financial
transactions are made through this department. Financial Administration looks after the entire
management of the finance of the SWC. This division is responsible for the preparation of the
annual budget in accordance with the plan and program prepared by the Planning and Program
Department.

Department Head: Mr. Durga Bhattarai

General Administration
The General Administration Department looks after administrative affairs of the Social
Welfare Council. The General Administration Department includes both general
administration and the personnel administration. All legal and administrative aspect are looked
after by this department.

Department Head: Mr. Sanjay Mallik

Monitoring & Evaluation
Monitoring & Evaluation Department records information about NGO and INGO activities.
This division is responsible for conducting periodical monitoring and evolution of NGO/INGO
activities and prepare reports on their activities. The Monitoring and Evaluation Department
consists of information and statistics cell, which keeps the statistics of NGO & INGO
concerned and makes the flow of information.

Department Head: Mrs. Bhagawati Sangraula

Planning & Program
Planning & Program Department is responsible for the preparation of annual plan & budget in
co-ordination with the Financial Administration. This division looks after INGO appraisal &
 agreement process; make recommendation for visa and customs exemption facilities; receive
annual & half-yearly report from local NGOs about their ongoing activities and work towards
classification of INGOs.

Department Head: Mr. Pralad Pant

Special Programs relating to social welfare:

Government of Nepal may operate special Programs, relating to the social welfare activity and
social service, in the following matters;
(a) To serve interest and render welfare to the children, old age, helpless or disabled people.

(b) To foster participation in development and to promote and protect the welfare, rights and
interest of the women.

(c) To rehabilitate and help to lead a life of dignity to the victims of social mischiefs and to
juvenile delinquency, drug addicts and similar people involved in other kind of addictions.

(d) To help to lead a life with dignity to the jobless, poor and illiterate people.

(e) To manage religious places and the activities of the trust Guthi institutions.

(f) To take effective management and actions for the welfare of the backward communities and
classes.

Functions, Duties and Powers of the Council:

The functions, Duties and Powers of the Council shall be as follows:

(a) To run or cause to run the social welfare activities smoothly and effectively, to extend help to
the social organizations and institutions and to develop co-ordinations among them and to
supervise, follow-up and carry out evaluations of their activities.

(b) To extend or cause to extend help and support to establish social organizations and
institutions, their development, strengthening and extensions.

(c) To work or cause to work as co-coordinator between Government of Nepal and social
organizations and institutions.
(d) To provide consultancies to Government of Nepal in order to formulate policies and
programs directly related to social welfare activities and other social services.

(e) To establish and conduct or cause to establish and conduct a fund, for the social welfare
activities.

(f) To work or cause to work as a center for dissemination of information and documentation to
the affiliated service-oriented organizations and institutions with Council.

(g) To conduct or cause to conduct trainings, studies and research programs in the areas with
social welfare.
(h) To carry out or cause to carry out the physical supervisions of the properties of those social
institutions and organizations affiliated with the Council.

(i) To carry out or cause to carry out the necessary functions to implement the objectives of this
Act.
(j) To make or cause to make contract or agreement with the local, foreign or international
organizations and foreign countries.

(k) To collect grant from the national and international agency and to manage the received grant.

NUMBER AND AREAS OF NGOs IN KATHMANDU VALLEY

S SECTORS NUMBERS
N
1. Community and Rural Development 10885
2. Youth Services 1007
3. Women Services 982
4. Moral Development 530
5. Environmental Protection 631
6. Child Welfare 619
7. Health Services 587
8. Educational Dev 421
9. Disable Service 275
10. Aids & Abuse Control 61
TOTAL 15998
DISCUSSION

The NGO that is Community and Rural Development has the highest number of NGOs in
Kathmandu and all over Nepal which conclude that lots of opportunities and changes are open.
Community and Rural Development is the highest with massive 10,885 and Aids and Abuse
Control is least with just 61 NGOs in the Kathmandu Valley.

Community Rural Development is the highest-ranking NGOs in Kathmandu is because our

Nepal is a rural country, more than 80 percent of the population lives in rural areas with
agriculture and allied activities as the manor source of income and employment. The current
theme of socio-economic development in Nepal, like in most of the less developed countries
(LDCs), is alleviation of poverty. Mc Namara’s address to the Board of Governors in 1973 that
“reaching the poor and the poor were not significantly contributions growth” generated a great
enthusiasm towards ‘growth with justice’ that brought about a shift in emphasis from efforts
aimed at promoting simple growth to imported rural output that world benefit lower income
groups in the rural areas that ultimately would narrow down the gap between’ the haves and the
have-nots. Since thane rural development has been assigned high priorities in the development
plans of Nepal as well. " Rural development in Nepal is a complex phenomenon involving an
interaction of economic, social, political and cultural factors.
Least developed country like Nepal, the development programs and policies are key
components for the livelihood of rural poor and sustainable development. This paper is tries to
carry out the historical perspectives of rural development in Nepal. The rural development
policies and programs are also essential for the national development. But the implemented
policies and programs for rural development by the governments of different time periods in
Nepal are not sufficient as rural Nepal needed. It is strongly required to launch the agriculture-
based policies and programs for rural Nepal. Using secondary information, the paper analyzes
the major provision for the rural development in the country. Moreover, the rural development
sector needs to develop some more popular and specific development policies and programs and
models of development.

Aids are Abuse control NGOs are least in number because HIV is characterized as a
concentrated epidemic in Nepal with an adult (ages 15-49) HIV prevalence of 0.3 percent in
2011. According to recent estimates, Nepal is home to approximately 50,200 people living with
HIV and four out of every five infections in Nepal have occurred through sexual transmission.
People who inject drugs, men who have sex with men, female sex workers, and seasonal labor
migrants (migrating to high HIV prevalence areas in India) are the key populations at higher risk
for HIV.

USAID’s efforts to reduce HIV in Nepal began in 1993 and have since contributed extensively to
the Government of Nepal’s national HIV response. These contributions have resulted in the
development of epidemic-tailored programs for Nepal’s key populations and people living with
HIV and their families. USAID’s efforts have improved access to sexually transmitted infections
management and HIV-related prevention, care, support, and treatment services in Nepal.

Largely due to the implementation of evidence-based, targeted prevention interventions among

key population groups, new infections have significantly decreased in recent years. However,
despite continuous efforts to combat stigma and discrimination, barriers have remained major
impediments to open access to information and services.
CONCLUSION

NGOs play a key role in our society, and the importance of NGO entities is multifaceted. They
try to fill in the gaps the government cannot fill for various reasons. They often help to highlight
the issues of people to the authorities. They assist in creating an environment where people can
volunteer and help others in need, and lastly, it imbibes the value of problem-solving and taking
up initiatives. The importance of NGOs in a society is paramount.

An NGO is a non-governmental organization that is driven and task-oriented by individuals with

one common interest. Most of the NGOs are usually structured around specific issues like health,
human rights or environment. An NGO provides expertise and analysis and thus assists in
monitoring international agreements. NGOs are very important since they offer an organization
for local communication, action and also distributing resources when there are no existing local
organizations. In fact, an NGO provides a mechanism that could possibly work where the
government has failed. As a result, it supports grass roots initiatives as well as recognizing and
responding to the realities of the local people. Next, cheaper to implement. Since NGOs are
actual non-profit organizations, various projects can be achieved without having to use the
government’s money. This is because there are many private donors who support the NGOs and
this means that there will never be a lack of resources. Additionally, NGOs provide a good
alternative to creating mass access structures. These mass access structures are extremely
cumbersome, unreliable and costly. Another major advantage of NGOs is that they have the
capability of communicating at all levels. This means that they can easily interact with the local
people and relay their messages to top levels of the government. They are also capable of
recruiting highly motivated staff and experts with lesser restrictions than employees working for
the government. NGOs are flexible in becoming accustomed to local conditions and responding
to the local needs. For that reason, they can experiment freely with new approaches and take
risks if necessary. They can develop integrated projects to help the local people. The major
shortcoming of NGOs is the overdependence on private financial resources, especially when the
donors fail to make their donations.
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